Free-standing Lamellar 3D Architectures Assembled from Chitosan as Reusable Titanium-immobilized Affinity Membrane for Efficiently Capturing Phosphopeptides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Pan ◽  
Shujuan Ma ◽  
Ruizhi Tang ◽  
Wenrui Wu ◽  
Junjie Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Affinity Membrane

Protein phosphorylation is involved in many biological processes and associated with some diseases. However, because of the low abundance and large dynamic changes of phosphopeptides in biological samples, it is...

scholarly journals Massively parallel in vivo CRISPR screening identifies RNF20/40 as epigenetic regulators of cardiomyocyte maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. VanDusen ◽  
Julianna Y. Lee ◽  
Weiliang Gu ◽  
Catalina E. Butler ◽  
Isha Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Genetic Screen ◽  
Forward Genetics ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Forward Genetic Screen ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Organ Systems

AbstractThe forward genetic screen is a powerful, unbiased method to gain insights into biological processes, yet this approach has infrequently been used in vivo in mammals because of high resource demands. Here, we use in vivo somatic Cas9 mutagenesis to perform an in vivo forward genetic screen in mice to identify regulators of cardiomyocyte (CM) maturation, the coordinated changes in phenotype and gene expression that occur in neonatal CMs. We discover and validate a number of transcriptional regulators of this process. Among these are RNF20 and RNF40, which form a complex that monoubiquitinates H2B on lysine 120. Mechanistic studies indicate that this epigenetic mark controls dynamic changes in gene expression required for CM maturation. These insights into CM maturation will inform efforts in cardiac regenerative medicine. More broadly, our approach will enable unbiased forward genetics across mammalian organ systems.

scholarly journals The governor: Protein phosphorylation

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario R. Alessi and Elton Zeqiraj
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Protein Molecule ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Phosphoryl Group ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Almost All

At first glance, the odds that the introduction of a diminutive and unsuspicious phosphoryl group on to a hydroxycontaining side chain of a much larger protein molecule would be selected by Nature as the most widely deployed mechanism to control biological processes, and be responsible for many major diseases, seems unlikely. However, this process termed protein phosphorylation is a vital regu lator of almost all events that take place in eukaryotic organisms. In this review we will outline what phosphorylation is, how it is regulated and why disruptions of the network of enzymes and proteins that regulate the phosphorylation are a principal cause of many maladies. We will also discuss how advances are leading to exciting strategies to develop drugs to treat diseases caused by disruptions of protein phosphorylation.

scholarly journals Desiccation of the resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum induces dynamic changes in protein phosphorylation

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1606-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
HORST ROHRIG ◽  
JURGEN SCHMIDT ◽  
THOMAS COLBY ◽  
ANNE BRAUTIGAM ◽  
PETER HUFNAGEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Resurrection Plant ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Craterostigma Plantagineum

scholarly journals The ins and outs of FoxO shuttling: mechanisms of FoxO translocation and transcriptional regulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 380 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars P. van der HEIDE ◽  
Marco F. M. HOEKMAN ◽  
Marten P. SMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Forkhead Box

FoxO (forkhead box O; forkhead members of the O class) are transcription factors that function under the control of insulin/insulin-like signalling. FoxO factors have been associated with a multitude of biological processes, including cell-cycle, cell death, DNA repair, metabolism and protection from oxidative stress. Central to the regulation of FoxO factors is a shuttling system, which confines FoxO factors to either the nucleus or the cytosol. Shuttling of FoxO requires protein phosphorylation within several domains, and association with 14-3-3 proteins and the nuclear transport machinery. Description of the FoxO-shuttling mechanism contributes to the understanding of FoxO function in relation to signalling and gene regulation.

scholarly journals Metal–organic framework incorporated monolithic capillary for selective enrichment of phosphopeptides

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. 15894-15902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daojin Li ◽  
Zijun Bie
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Cellular Signaling ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Protein phosphorylation is a major post-translational modification, which plays a central role in the cellular signaling of numerous biological processes.

scholarly journals Composition of the Blood and Reflection of the Health State of Human Body

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1797-1800
Author(s):  
Alexander Poletaev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Signals ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Health State ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Dynamic Changes

Blood (blood plasma) is a special all-pervading substance, functionally co-tuning all organs, tissues and cells of the body. To some extent blood is similar to the Ether of the ancients. In addition to performing house-keeping functions, blood is a medium for the transfer of huge amounts of information, which is continuously exchanged between all the compartments and structures of the macro-organism and its microbiome. This information is transmitted mostly in the form of chemical signals (peptides, micro-RNA, extracellular DNA, the products of the microbiome, antibodies, etc.), the totality of which controls lots of biological processes. Blood is not only a controlling, but also a reflecting environment: dynamic changes in the composition of this environment carry information about the smallest changes in the state of individual populations of cells, tissues, organs and the body as a whole. The prospects of practical using of information about the state of the organism, transmitted by blood and reflected in individual’s serum immunoreactivity profiles are analyzed.

scholarly journals Generation of Rat Monoclonal Antibody to Detect Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides in Biological Samples

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1160
Author(s):  
Shingo Kasamatsu ◽  
Yuki Kakihana ◽  
Taisei Koga ◽  
Hisashi Yoshioka ◽  
Hideshi Ihara
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Colorimetric Immunoassay ◽  
Hybridoma Cell Lines

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is endogenously produced by enzymes and via reactive persulfide/polysulfide degradation; it participates in a variety of biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions. H2S levels in biological fluids, such as plasma and serum, are correlated with the severity of various diseases. Therefore, development of a simple and selective H2S measurement method would be advantageous. This study aimed to generate antibodies specifically recognizing H2S derivatives and develop a colorimetric immunoassay for measuring H2S in biological samples. We used N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) as an H2S detection agent that forms a stable bis-S-adduct (NEM-S-NEM). We also prepared bis-S-heteroadduct with 3-maleimidopropionic acid, which, in conjugation with bovine serum albumin, was to immunize Japanese white rabbits and Wistar rats to enable generation of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The generated antibodies were evaluated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We could obtain two stable hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies specific for NEM-S-NEM. By immunoassay with the monoclonal antibody, the H2S level in mouse plasma was determined as 0.2 μM, which was identical to the level detected by mass spectrometry. Taken together, these monoclonal antibodies can be a useful tool for a simple and highly selective immunoassay to detect H2S in biological samples.

scholarly journals Development and applications of sialoglycan-recognizing probes (SGRPs) with defined specificities: exploring the dynamic mammalian sialoglycome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Srivastava ◽  
Andrea Verhagen ◽  
Aniruddha Sasmal ◽  
Brian R Wasik ◽  
Sandra Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Plant Lectins ◽  
Bacterial Adhesins ◽  
Viral Hemagglutinin ◽  
In Situ Detection ◽  
Microarray Studies

Glycans that are abundantly displayed on vertebrate cell surface and secreted molecules are often capped with terminal sialic acids (Sias). These diverse 9-carbon-backbone monosaccharides are involved in numerous intrinsic biological processes. They also interact with commensals and pathogens, while undergoing dynamic changes in time and space, often influenced by environmental conditions. However, most of this sialoglycan complexity and variation remains poorly characterized by conventional techniques, which often tend to destroy or overlook crucial aspects of Sia diversity and/or fail to elucidate native structures in biological systems i.e., in the intact sialome. To date, in situ detection and analysis of sialoglycans has largely relied on the use of plant lectins, sialidases or antibodies, whose preferences (with certain exceptions) are limited and/or uncertain. We took advantage of naturally-evolved microbial molecules (bacterial adhesins, toxin subunits and viral hemagglutinin-esterases) that recognize sialoglycans with defined specificity to delineate 9 classes of Sialoglycan Recognizing Probes (SGRPs: SGRP1SGRP9) that can be used to explore mammalian sialome changes in a simple and systematic manner, using techniques common in most laboratories. SGRP candidates with specificity defined by sialoglycan microarray studies were engineered as tagged probes, each with a corresponding non-binding mutant probe as a simple and reliable negative control. The optimized panel of SGRPs can be used in methods commonly available in most bioscience labs, such as ELISA, Western Blot, flow cytometry and histochemistry. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we provide examples of sialoglycome differences in tissues from C57BL/6 wild type mice and human-like Cmah-/- mice.

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes in Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Phosphorylation Probed with Amine-reactive Isotope Tag

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1358-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus B. Smolka ◽  
Claudio P. Albuquerque ◽  
Sheng-hong Chen ◽  
Kristina H. Schmidt ◽  
Xiao X. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction
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