Metal-free nanostructured catalysts: Sustainable driving forces for organic transformations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Gholipour ◽  
Salman Shojaei ◽  
Sadegh Rostamnia ◽  
Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal ◽  
Dokyoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Nanostructured Catalysts ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
The Past

Over the past few decades, research on heterogeneous catalysts, especially metal-free catalysts in industrial and research transformations, has intensified. Despite the obvious benefits of heterogeneous transition metal catalysts in quick...

Soluble polymer-supported organocatalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Chin Yang ◽  
David E. Bergbreiter
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Soluble Polymer ◽  
Soluble Polymers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polymer Supports ◽  
Polymer Supported ◽  
Simple Product

Organocatalysts have been extensively studied for the past few decades as alternatives to transition-metal catalysts. Immobilizing organocatalysts on polymer supports allows easy recovery and simple product purification after a reaction. Select examples of recent reports that describe the potential advantages of using soluble polymers to prepare soluble polymer-supported organocatalysts useful in organic synthesis are reviewed.

scholarly journals Transition-Metal-Free [3+2] Dehydration Cycloaddition of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes With 2-Naphthols

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhao ◽  
Peng Shen ◽  
Dongru Sun ◽  
Hongbin Zhai ◽  
Yufen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Cyclization Reaction ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Efficient Access ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Synthetic Application

A Brønsted acid-catalyzed domino ring-opening cyclization transformation of donor-acceptor (D-A) cyclopropanes and 2-naphthols has been developed. This formal [3+2] cyclization reaction provided novel and efficient access to the naphthalene-fused cyclopentanes in the absence of any transition-metal catalysts or additives. This robust procedure was completed smoothly on a gram-scale to afford the corresponding product with comparable efficiency. Furthermore, the synthetic application of the prepared product has been demonstrated by its transformation into a variety of synthetically useful molecules.

Transition metal-free aroylation of NH-sulfoximines with methyl arenes

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (80) ◽  
pp. 14889-14892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Zou ◽  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Zhihong Peng ◽  
Wanrong Dong ◽  
Delie An
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Metal Free

An iodine-catalyzed N-aroylation of NH-sulfoximines with methyl arenes was herein demonstrated without participation of external organic solvents, transition metal-catalysts or ligands.

Recent advances in metal free- and late transition metal-catalysed hydroamination of unactivated alkenes

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2017-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Bernoud ◽  
Clément Lepori ◽  
Mohamed Mellah ◽  
Emmanuelle Schulz ◽  
Jérôme Hannedouche
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Late Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Late Transition

This Perspective article outlines some of the recent advancements in the development of (chiral) metal-free and late transition metal catalysts for hydroamination of unactivated alkenes.

Ir-catalyzed proximal and distal C–H borylation of arenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chabush Haldar ◽  
Md Emdadul Hoque ◽  
Jagriti Chaturvedi ◽  
Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan ◽  
Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Activation ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Functionalization Reaction

Over the past two decades, the C–H bond activation and functionalization reaction has been known as a prevailing method for the construction of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds using various transition metal catalysts.

Boron Lewis Pair Mediated C-H Activation and Borylation

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric-Georges Fontaine ◽  
Vincent Desrosiers
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Activation ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Frustrated Lewis Pairs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lewis Pairs

In the past years, the chemistry of Frustrated Lewis pairs enabled a plethora of transformations that would otherwise only be possible using transition metal catalysts. Of particular interest are the C-H bond activation and borylation reactions, which is the subject of this review. The FLP borylation chemistry is compared with the early borylation methodologies using strongly electrophilic borenium ions. We present the mechanism of the C-H borylation using inter- and intramolecular Lewis pairs, along with some applications of these transformations.

Transition-Metal-Free Functionalization of Saturated and Unsaturated Amines to Bioactive Alkaloids Mediated by Sodium Chlorite

Synlett ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Sartillo-Piscil ◽  
Julio Romero-Ibañez ◽  
Lilia Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Cyclic Amines ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

AbstractNew approaches to the synthesis of alkaloids through the straightforward functionalization of C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)=C(sp2) bonds of simple five- and six-membered-ring N-heterocycles are highlighted. The direct functionalization of pre-existing N-heterocycles to advanced alkaloids intermediates is a chemical operation that commonly requires the intervention of transition or precious metals. Regardless the inherent unwanted waste production, the high economical cost of many transition-metal catalysts limits their use globally. Here, we account our efforts directed toward the synthesis of bioactive alkaloids under an economic and ecological fashion by using NaClO2 as the key activating or oxidizing reagent that substitutes the use of transition-metal catalysts. While undesired metal wastes are collected during the extraction process of a transition-metal-catalyzed reaction, innocuous NaCl is the commonly product waste when NaClO2 is employed in our chemical transformations. Beginning with the synthesis of 2,3-epoxyamides from allyl amines, we concluded with the functionalization of multiple and remote C(sp3)–H and C(sp3)–C(sp3) bonds in piperidine rings that enabled the preparation of important bioactive alkaloids. For the latter functionalization, a precise amount of co-oxidant reagent (NaOCl) and radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO) were needed.1 Introduction2 Direct Chemical Method for Preparing 2,3-Epoxyamides3 Dual C(sp3)–H Oxidation of Cyclic Amines to 3‑Alkoxyamine Lac­tams4 Electrochemical Deamination of 3-Alkoxyamine Lactams5 Direct C–H Oxidation of Piperazines and Morpholines to 2,3-Diketopiperazines and 3-Morpholinones, Respectively6 Transition-Metal-Free Triple C–H Oxidation7 Deconstructive Lactamization of Piperidines8 Conclusion

Schiff-base molecules and COFs as metal-free catalysts or silver supports for carboxylation of alkynes with CO2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Ran Bu ◽  
Xiao-yan Liu ◽  
Peng-fei Mu ◽  
En-Qing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Terminal Alkynes ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Mild Conditions

Carboxylating terminal alkynes with CO2 to produce propiolic acids is an atom-economic and high-value route for CO2 fixation and utilization, but the conversion under mild conditions needs transition metal catalysts....

Transition-metal-free direct perfluoroalkylation of quinoline amides at C5 position through radical cross-coupling under mild conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xu ◽  
Li Qiao ◽  
Beibei Ying ◽  
Xiaolei Zhu ◽  
Chao Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Mild Conditions

A simple low-energy and efficient method is established for the synthesis of C5-selective perfluoroalkylation quinolines in the absence of any transition metal catalysts.

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