Inhibition of α-glucosidase by trilobatin and its mechanism: kinetics, interaction mechanism and molecular docking

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming He ◽  
Yuhan Zhai ◽  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Shuo Xu ◽  
Shaoxuan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose

α-Glucosidase is related to the increase of postprandial blood glucose in vivo. Inhibition of α-glucosidase is supposed to be an effective approach to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Trilobatin,...

scholarly journals Functionality of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) By-Products and In Vivo Anti-Diabetes Effect in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Po-Hsien Li ◽  
Yung-Jia Chan ◽  
Ya-Wen Hou ◽  
Wen-Chien Lu ◽  
Wen-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Curve

Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) is a species of cereal grain native to Taiwan. It is rich in dietary fibre and antioxidants and therefore reputed to relieve constipation, suppress inflammation, and lower blood glucose. The aim of this study was to investigate the composition and physicochemical properties of dietary fibre from djulis hull. Meanwhile, determination of the in vivo antidiabetic effect on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after consuming the djulis hull powder. Djulis hull contained dietary fibre 75.21 ± 0.17% dry weight, and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) reached 71.54 ± 0.27% dry weight. The IDF postponed the adsorption of glucose and reduced the activity of α-amylase. Postprandial blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM showed three different tendencies. First, the area under the glucose curve was significantly lower after ingesting 10 or 5 g djulis hull powder, which then postponed the adsorption of glucose, but the area under the glucose curve was similar with the two doses. After consuming 10 g djulis hull before 75 g glucose 30 and 60 min after the meal, patients with T2DM had blood glucose values that were significantly lower at the same postprandial times than those of patients who did not consume djulis hull. In short, patients who consumed djulis hull prior to glucose administration had decreased blood glucose level compared with those who did not. Djulis hull may have benefits for patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Oral DhHP-6 for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
Yuting Liang ◽  
Yanhui Song ◽  
Liping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction which can be induced by oxidative stress. Deuterohemin-βAla-His-Thr-Val-Glu-Lys (DhHP-6) is a microperoxidase mimetic that can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. In our previous studies, we demonstrated an increased stability of linear peptides upon their covalent attachment to porphyrins. In this study, we assessed the utility of DhHP-6 as an oral anti-diabetic drug in vitro and in vivo. DhHP-6 showed high resistance to proteolytic degradation in vitro and in vivo. The degraded DhHP-6 product in gastrointestinal (GI) fluid retained the enzymatic activity of DhHP-6, but displayed a higher permeability coefficient. DhHP-6 protected against the cell damage induced by H2O2 and promoted insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. In the T2DM model, DhHP-6 reduced blood glucose levels and facilitated the recovery of blood lipid disorders. DhHP-6 also mitigated both insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. Most importantly, DhHP-6 promoted the recovery of damaged pancreas islets. These findings suggest that DhHP-6 in physiological environments has high stability against enzymatic degradation and maintains enzymatic activity. As DhHP-6 lowered the fasting blood glucose levels of T2DM mice, it thus represents a promising candidate for oral administration and clinical therapy.

Pinitol from Soybeans Reduces Postprandial Blood Glucose in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Jung Kang ◽  
Jung-In Kim ◽  
Sang-Yeon Yoon ◽  
Jae Cherl Kim ◽  
In-June Cha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose

scholarly journals The Effects of Tai Chi on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Chao ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Xiaosheng Dong ◽  
Meng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. To investigate the effects of Tai chi in type 2 diabetes mellitus (type-2 DM) patients using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. Seven electronic resource databases were searched, and randomized controlled trials on the role of Tai chi in type-2 DM patients were retrieved. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3, and research quality evaluation was conducted with the modified Jadad scale. Results. Fourteen studies, with 798 individuals related to the intervention of Tai chi on diabetes, were included. The results showed that, compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of lowering fasting blood glucose [MD = −1.39, 95% CI (−1.95, −0.84), P<0.0001] and the subgroup effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount, there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises [MD = −0.50, 95% CI (−1.02, 0.02), P=0.06]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi could reduce HbA1c [MD = −0.21, 95% CI (−0.61, 0.19), P=0.31], and the group effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount. The reducing HbA1c effect of Tai chi was better than that of other aerobic exercises, but the difference was at the margin of statistical significance [MD = −0.19, 95% CI (−0.37, 0.00), P=0.05]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−2.89, −1.26), P=0.0002], there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises in reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −0.44, 95% CI (−1.42, 0.54), P=0.38]. Conclusion. Tai chi can effectively affect the management of blood glucose and HbA1c in type-2 DM patients. Long-term adherence to Tai chi has a better role in reducing blood glucose and HbA1c levels in type 2 DM patients.

A Prospective Study of the Clinical and Demographic Profile of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Receiving Antidiabetic Drug Combinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Akash Gadgade ◽  
Ashok S. Kudgi ◽  
Ashwin Kamath ◽  
Priyanka Kamath ◽  
Prabha Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment

Background: The specific treatment recommendations for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) differ based on a particular guideline. The goal of pharmacotherapy is to achieve the target HbA1c and fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels to avoid disease complications. Objective: To evaluate the profile of T2DM patients on different antidiabetic treatment regimens and the factors leading to dose escalation in these patients. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, a tertiary care teaching hospital, over a period of one year. The study population comprised of patients with T2DM for ≥5 years. The demographic and clinical data were collected during the baseline and follow-up visits. Results: Of the 119 patients studied, 59.7% were males; 32.8% were ≥65 years of age. A significant decrease in the fasting blood glucose (FBG) on follow-up was seen (p = 0.028) in patients on sulfonylurea and metformin combination. A significant decrease in the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was seen in patients on sulfonylurea with metformin and pioglitazone (p = 0.011); sulfonylurea with metformin, pioglitazone, and sitagliptin (p = 0.026); and metformin with insulin (p = 0.001). Patients who received dose escalation had a longer duration of the disease (p = 0.042), higher FBG (p = 0.039) and HbA1c (p = 0.05). Conclusion: A combination of metformin with sulfonylurea was the preferred first-line treatment; insulin was added when HbA1c was >9. Patients who received dose escalation had a longer duration of the disease and higher FBG and HbA1c.

scholarly journals Meditative Movements for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tingwei Xia ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Weihong Li ◽  
Zhaohui- Tang ◽  
Qingsong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective. Physical activity plays a specific role in the fundamental aspect of diabetes care. It is necessary to develop exercise programs for these patients. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize current evidence regarding the effectiveness of meditative movement in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. The following databases were searched: PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Ovid LWW, and EMBASE. Two independent investigators searched and screened the studies by finding duplications, excluding irrelevant titles and abstracts, and then selecting eligible studies by reviewing full texts. 21 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were performed on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and body mass index (BMI). Results. Meta-analyses showed that meditative movements significantly improved FBG, HbA1c, PPBG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C. No improvement was found in BMI. Conclusions. The results demonstrated a favorable effect or tendency of meditative movements to improve blood glucose and blood lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The special effects of meditative movements in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients need further research.

Comparison of Metformin-Sulfonylurea and Metformin-Acarbose Combination Therapies on Glycemic Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa ◽  
Renni Septini ◽  
Rani Sauriasari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Combination Therapies

Objective: Pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus features various combinations of treatments, with different therapies providing different levels of effectiveness. In clinical settings, choices are driven by cost, effectiveness, and safety considerations, and these choices are still under question in Indonesia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metformin-sulfonylurea and metformin-acarbose combination therapies on glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was carried out at Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital in Jakarta and utilized a retrospective cohort study design. Participants had consumed the same drug without switching for six months and were divided into a metformin-sulfonylurea group (n = 100) and a metformin-acarbose group (n = 100). The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by considering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), two hours postprandial glucose, and fasting blood glucose. Results: After six months’ consumption, there were no statistical differences between results for the metformin-sulfonylurea and metformin-acarbose groups in terms of change of HbA1c (p = 0.062), controlled two hours postprandial blood glucose (p = 0.649), and controlled fasting blood glucose (p = 0.282). Regular exercise was the most significant factor for constant/decreased HbA1c, whereas being male and following a diet were the most significant factors for controlled two hours postprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the analysis performed, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of six months’ consumption of metformin-sulfonylurea and metformin-acarbose on HbA1c, two hours postprandial blood glucose, and fasting blood glucose.

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