Elucidation of a lingual detection mechanism for high-viscosity solutions in humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Miles ◽  
Zhenxing Wu ◽  
Kelly Kennedy ◽  
Kai Zhao ◽  
Christopher T Simons
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Detection Mechanism ◽  
Difference Thresholds ◽  
Filiform Papillae

While perception of high-viscosity solutions (η>1000cP) is speculated to be linked to filiform papillae deformation, this has not been demonstrated psychophysically. Presently, just-noticeable-viscosity-difference thresholds were determined using the forced-choice staircase...

Reversible cold gelation of sodium caseinate solutions with added salt

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair J Carr ◽  
Peter A Munro
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Sodium Caseinate ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Divalent Salts ◽  
Added Salt

During a study on the effect of addition of monovalent and divalent salts on the apparent viscosity of sodium caseinate solutions (Carr et al. 2002) it was discovered that many of the high viscosity solutions appeared to gel when refrigerated. Furthermore this cold gelation was found to reverse on heating. The phenomenon of reversible cold gelation of caseinate solutions has not been reported. The most well known example of reversible cold gelation is gelatin solutions, but a number of polysaccharides also form gels on cooling, e.g. agarose, pectin and carrageenan (Evans & Wennerstrom, 1994). Whey proteins also gel at 25 °C in the presence of calcium ions, though not in their absence, and this gelation is not reversible (Barbut & Foegeding, 1993).

Rheological Properties of High-Viscosity Solutions of Long Molecules

Nature ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 164 (4169) ◽  
pp. 541-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. GARNER ◽  
ALFRED H. NISSAN
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
High Viscosity

scholarly journals Novel cannula design improves large volume auto-injection rates for high viscosity solutions

Drug Delivery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Bruce C. Roberts ◽  
Christopher Rini ◽  
Rick Klug ◽  
Douglas B. Sherman ◽  
Didier Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Injection Rates

scholarly journals  Effect of thickening agents on perceived viscosity  and acidity of model beverages

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Panovská ◽  
A. Váchová ◽  
J. Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Thickening Agents

The effect of thickening agents &ndash; methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and xanthan gum &ndash; solutions on the sensory viscosity was investigated in the concentration range of 0&ndash;0.8%. The perceived viscosity was proportional to the logarithm of kinematic viscosity in the presence of citric and malic acids. The viscosity was inversely proportional to the acidity at the viscosity levels higher than 10 mm<sup>2</sup>/s. A liquid of high viscosity thus possess lower acidity than aqueous or low-viscosity solutions. No significant differences were found between the effects of different thickening agents. &nbsp;

scholarly journals 3D Printing of a Reactive Hydrogel Bio-Ink Using a Static Mixing Tool

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Puertas-Bartolomé ◽  
Małgorzata K. Włodarczyk-Biegun ◽  
Aránzazu del Campo ◽  
Blanca Vázquez-Lasa ◽  
Julio San Román
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Soft Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Wide Range

Hydrogel-based bio-inks have recently attracted more attention for 3D printing applications in tissue engineering due to their remarkable intrinsic properties, such as a cell supporting environment. However, their usually weak mechanical properties lead to poor printability and low stability of the obtained structures. To obtain good shape fidelity, current approaches based on extrusion printing use high viscosity solutions, which can compromise cell viability. This paper presents a novel bio-printing methodology based on a dual-syringe system with a static mixing tool that allows in situ crosslinking of a two-component hydrogel-based ink in the presence of living cells. The reactive hydrogel system consists of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and partially oxidized hyaluronic acid (HAox) that undergo fast self-covalent crosslinking via Schiff base formation. This new approach allows us to use low viscosity solutions since in situ gelation provides the appropriate structural integrity to maintain the printed shape. The proposed bio-ink formulation was optimized to match crosslinking kinetics with the printing process and multi-layered 3D bio-printed scaffolds were successfully obtained. Printed scaffolds showed moderate swelling, good biocompatibility with embedded cells, and were mechanically stable after 14 days of the cell culture. We envision that this straightforward, powerful, and generalizable printing approach can be used for a wide range of materials, growth factors, or cell types, to be employed for soft tissue regeneration.

Rheological Properties of High-Viscosity Solutions of Long Molecules

Nature ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 158 (4018) ◽  
pp. 634-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. GARNER ◽  
ALFRED H. NISSAN
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
High Viscosity

Deaeration of high-viscosity solutions of polyamido acid in dimethylformamide

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-477
Author(s):  
V. S. Matveev ◽  
L. V. Zhuravlev ◽  
G. I. Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Polyamido Acid
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