Strawberry phenolic extracts effectively mitigated metabolic disturbances associated with high-fat ingestion in rats depending on the ellagitannin polymerization degree

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Żary-Sikorska ◽  
Bartosz Fotschki ◽  
Krzysztof Kołodziejczyk ◽  
Adam Jurgoński ◽  
Monika Kosmala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Polymerization Degree ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

In the present experiment it was hypothesised that dietary strawberry ellagitannin-rich extracts would mitigate negative consequences associated with consumption.

Protective effects of phyllanthin, a lignan from Phyllanthus amarus, against progression of high fat diet induced metabolic disturbances in mice

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (63) ◽  
pp. 58343-58353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Jagtap ◽  
Pragyanshu Khare ◽  
Priyanka Mangal ◽  
Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi ◽  
Mahendra Bishnoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Induced Changes

Phyllanthin delayed the progression of high fat diet induced changes affecting lipid and glucose metabolism such as adiposity, hypertriglyceridemia, fatty liver, inflammation, lipid peroxidation and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Maternal High-Fat Diet Programs for Metabolic Disturbances in Offspring despite Leptin Sensitivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Volpato ◽  
Alini Schultz ◽  
Eduardo Magalhães-da-Costa ◽  
Marcelo Lima de Gusmão Correia ◽  
Márcia Barbosa Águila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Leptin Sensitivity

Serum amyloid A1 levels and amyloid deposition following a high-fat diet challenge in transgenic mice overexpressing hepatic serum amyloid A1

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Young Jang ◽  
Jain Jeong ◽  
Seonggon Kim ◽  
Min-cheol Kang ◽  
Yong Hun Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Serum Amyloid A1

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase response protein in the liver, and SAA1 is the major precursor protein involved in amyloid A amyloidosis. This amyloidosis has been reported as a complication in chronic inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, lupus, and Crohn’s disease. Obesity is also associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation and sustained, elevated levels of SAA1. However, the contribution of elevated circulating SAA1 to metabolic disturbances and their complications is unclear. Furthermore, in several recent studies of transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing SAA1 that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for a relatively short period, no relationship was found between SAA1 up-regulation and metabolic disturbances. Therefore, we generated TG mice overexpressing SAA1 in the liver, challenged these mice with an HFD, and investigated the influence of elevated SAA1 levels. Sustained, elevated levels of SAA1 were correlated with metabolic parameters and local cytokine expression in the liver following 16 weeks on the HFD. Moreover, prolonged consumption (52 weeks) of the HFD was associated with impaired glucose tolerance and elevated SAA1 levels and resulted in systemic SAA1-derived amyloid deposition in the kidney, liver, and spleen of TG mice. Thus, we concluded that elevated SAA1 levels under long-term HFD exposure result in extensive SAA1-derived amyloid deposits, which may contribute to the complications associated with HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disorders.

Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract exerts hypocholesterolaemic and hypoglycaemic effects in mice fed a diet containing high fat and cholesterol

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 1697-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Benn ◽  
Bohkyung Kim ◽  
Young-Ki Park ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Tho X. Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Increased Risk

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia. We investigated whether polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) can prevent high fat/high cholesterol (HF/HC) diet-induced metabolic disturbances in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a modified AIN-93M diet containing HF/HC (16 % fat, 0·25 % cholesterol, w/w) or the same diet supplemented with 0·1 % BCE (w/w) for 12 weeks. There were no differences in total body weight and liver weight between groups. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and glucose levels were significantly lower in BCE group than in controls, while plasma TAG levels were not significantly different. There was a decreasing trend in hepatic TAG levels, and histological evaluation of steatosis grade was markedly lower in the livers of mice fed BCE. Although the mRNA levels of major regulators of hepatic cholesterol metabolism, i.e. 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and LDL receptor (LDLR), were not significantly altered by BCE supplementation, protein expression of mature sterol-regulatory element-binding protein and LDLR was significantly increased with no change in HMGR protein. The expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 that facilitates LDLR protein degradation, as well as one of its transcriptional regulators, i.e. hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, was significantly decreased in the livers of mice fed BCE. Taken together, BCE supplementation decreased plasma TC and glucose, and inhibited liver steatosis, suggesting that this berry may be consumed to prevent metabolic dysfunctions induced by diets high in fat and cholesterol.

scholarly journals n-3 PUFA prevent metabolic disturbances associated with obesity and improve endothelial function in golden Syrian hamsters fed with a high-fat diet

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 1305-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Kasbi Chadli ◽  
Agnès Andre ◽  
Xavier Prieur ◽  
Gervaise Loirand ◽  
Anne Meynier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances

Glucose intolerance and dyslipidaemia are independent risk factors for endothelium dysfunction and CVD. The aim of the present study was to analyse the preventive effect of n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) on lipid and carbohydrate disturbances and endothelial dysfunction. Three groups of adult hamsters were studied for 20 weeks: (1) control diet (Control); (2) high-fat diet (HF); (3) high-fat diet enriched with n-3 PUFA (HFn-3) groups. The increase in body weight and fat mass in the HF compared to the Control group (P < 0·05) was not found in the HFn-3 group. Muscle TAG content was similar in the Control and HF groups, but significantly lower in the HFn-3 group (P = 0·008). Glucose tolerance was impaired in the HF compared to the Control group, but this impairment was prevented by n-3 PUFA in the HFn-3 group (P < 0·001). Plasma TAG and cholesterol were higher in the HF group compared to the Control group (P < 0·001), but lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the HF group (P < 0·001). HDL-cholesterol was lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the Control and HF groups (P < 0·0005). Hepatic secretion of TAG was lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the HF group (P < 0·005), but did not differ from the Control group. Hepatic gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 and stearyl CoA desaturase 1 was lower in the HFn-3 group, whereas carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and scavenger receptor class B type 1 expression was higher (P < 0·05). In adipocytes and adipose macrophages, PPARγ and TNFα expression was higher in the HF and HFn-3 groups compared to the Control group. Endothelium relaxation was higher in the HFn-3 (P < 0·001) than in the HF and Control groups, and was correlated with glucose intolerance (P = 0·03) and cholesterol (P = 0·0003). In conclusion, n-3 PUFA prevent some metabolic disturbances induced by high-fat diet and improve endothelial function in hamsters.

scholarly journals Metformin treatment for 8 days impacts multiple intestinal parameters in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Bravard ◽  
Céline Gérard ◽  
Clémence Defois ◽  
Bérengère Benoit ◽  
Kassem Makki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithocholic Acid ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Secondary Bile Acid ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
High Sucrose

AbstractAlthough the mechanism of action of the antidiabetic drug metformin is still a matter of discussions, it is well accepted that the gut plays an important role. To gain more insights into the mechanisms occurring in the different regions of the intestine, adult male mice were fed a high-fat-high sucrose (HFS) diet for 8 days and treated with metformin by gavage (300 mg/day/kg body weight) during the HFS diet. Metformin counteracted HFS diet-induced overexpression of a network of genes involved in the transport of glucose and fatty acids in the different regions of the small intestine. It also induced beneficial modification of secondary bile acid profile in the caecum, with a reduction of deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid levels and increased abundance of ursodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid, potentially leading to FRX inhibition. In parallel, metformin treatment was associated with specific changes of the microbiota composition in the lumen of the different regions of the intestine. Metformin induced a marked increase in the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in the lumen all along the gut and counteracted the effects of HFS diet on the abundances of some bacterial groups generally associated with metabolic disturbances (f-Lachnospiraceae, f-Petostreptococcaceae, g-Clostidium). Therefore, the present work clearly emphasises the role of all the regions of the intestinal tract in the beneficial action of the antidiabetic drug metformin in a prediabetic mouse model.

scholarly journals Sex and Exposure to Postnatal Chlorpyrifos Influence the Epigenetics of Feeding-Related Genes in a Transgenic APOE Mouse Model: Long-Term Implications on Body Weight after a High-Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Laia Guardia-Escote ◽  
Jordi Blanco ◽  
Pia Basaure ◽  
Judit Biosca-Brull ◽  
Rikst Nynke Verkaik-Schakel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Developmental Exposure

Developmental exposure to toxicants and diet can interact with an individual’s genetics and produce long-lasting metabolic adaptations. The different isoforms of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) are an important source of variability in metabolic disorders and influence the response to the pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF). We aimed to study the epigenetic regulation on feeding control genes and the influence of postnatal CPF exposure, APOE genotype, and sex, and how these modifications impact on the metabolic response to a high-fat diet (HFD). Both male and female apoE3- and apoE4-TR mice were exposed to CPF on postnatal days 10–15. The DNA methylation pattern of proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y, leptin receptor, and insulin-like growth factor 2 was studied in the hypothalamus. At adulthood, the mice were given a HFD for eight weeks. The results highlight the importance of sex in the epigenetic regulation and the implication of CPF treatment and APOE genotype. The body weight progression exhibited sex-dimorphic differences, apoE4-TR males being the most susceptible to the effects induced by CPF and HFD. Overall, these results underscore the pivotal role of sex, APOE genotype, and developmental exposure to CPF on subsequent metabolic disturbances later in life and show that sex is a key variable in epigenetic regulation.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effects of High-Fat and High-Protein Diets on the Metabolic and Endocrine Activity of Adipocytes in Rats

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek ◽  
Małgorzata Wojciechowska ◽  
Maciej Sassek ◽  
Hanna Krauss ◽  
Natalia Leciejewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Isolated Adipocytes

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity and the rising awareness of their negative consequences are forcing researchers to take a new view of nutrition and its consequences for the metabolism of whole organisms as well as the metabolism of their individual systems and cells. Despite studies on nutrition having been carried out for a few decades, not many of them have focused on the impacts of these diets on changes in the metabolism and endocrine functions of isolated adipocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate the effects of the long-term use (60 and 120 days) of a high-fat diet (HFD) and of a high-protein diet (HPD) on basic metabolic processes in fat cells—lipogenesis, lipolysis, and glucose uptake—and endocrine function, which was determined according to the secretion of adipokines into the incubation medium. Our results proved that the HPD diet improved insulin sensitivity, increased the intracellular uptake of glucose (p < 0.01) and its incorporation into lipids (p < 0.01) and modulated the endocrine function of these cells (decreasing leptin secretion; p < 0.01). The levels of biochemical parameters in the serum blood also changed in the HPD-fed rats. The effects of the HFD were inverse, as expected. We observed a decrease in adiponectin secretion and a diminished rate of lipogenesis (p < 0.01). Simultaneously, the secretion of leptin and resistin (p < 0.01) from isolated adipocytes increased. In conclusion, we noted that the long-term use of HPD and HFD diets modulates the metabolism and endocrine functions of isolated rat adipocytes. We summarize that an HFD had a negative effect on fat tissue functioning, whereas an HPD had positive results, such as increased insulin sensitivity and an improved metabolism of glucose and lipids in fat tissue. Moreover, we noticed that negative metabolic changes are reflected more rapidly in isolated cells than in the metabolism of the whole organism.

scholarly journals Zingiber officinale (Ginger): A Future Outlook on Its Potential in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Prediabetic States

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil D. Roufogalis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Classical Pathway ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Future Outlook ◽  
Huh7 Cells

Diabetes is reaching pandemic levels in both developing and developed countries and requires safe, affordable, and effective therapies. This report summarises work in our laboratory on the effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger) and its components in diabetes models and provides a future outlook on the potential for their use in type 2 diabetes. A high fat diet rat model showed modulation of body weight gain and normalisation of glucose and lipid metabolic disturbances, with reduction of insulin resistance in a high fat-high carbohydrate diet model. Ginger extract inhibits enhanced NF-κB in liver of high fat-fed rats through inhibition of the IKK/IκBα/NF-κB classical pathway. The major active component (S)-[6]-gingerol inhibited elevated cytokines in inflamed HuH7 cells through suppression of COX2 expression and protection against the ROS pathway. Ginger extract and gingerols enhanced glucose uptake in L6 myotubes, by enhancing translocation of GLUT4 to the surface membrane and activation of AMPKα1 through a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase pathway. (S)-[6]-Gingerol also enhanced energy metabolism through marked increment of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) gene expression and mitochondrial content in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Future studies will require well designed clinical trials on ginger preparations of defined chemical composition.

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