Effects of cereal fibers on short-chain fatty acids in healthy subjects and patients: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junying Bai ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Mingcong Fan ◽  
Haifeng Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Cereal Fiber ◽  
Obese Subjects

Cereal fiber supplementation significantly affected fecal SCFA concentrations in randomized clinical studies. A more significant impact appeared in overweight and obese subjects with BMI >29 kg m−2 than in individuals with BMI ≤29 kg m−2.

Abstract P391: Marine N-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sekikawa ◽  
Nobutake Hirooka ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
Vashudha Ahuja ◽  
Emmanuel Sampene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cardiac Imaging Techniques

Introduction: Although marine n-3 fatty acids are believed to be cardioprotective through their anti-arrhythmic, anti-thrombotic, anti-atherogenic and other effects, results from recent meta-analyses of marine n-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease (CVD) are controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of marine n-3 fatty acids on CVD outcomes in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to test the hypothesis that marine n-3 fatty acids are anti-atherogenic. We also tested the hypothesis that such benefit is dose-dependent. Methods: A systematic review of English language articles using PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library through Aug 2012 was performed selecting RCTs evaluating the effect of marine n-3 fatty acids intake for 2 years or more on cardiovascular diseases, coronary disease, arteriosclerosis, cardiac imaging techniques, and carotid artery ultrasound. Descriptive and quantitative information was extracted. Odds ratios were calculated for cardiac event outcome. Correlation coefficients were obtained from studies of which outcome is intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary lumen diameter (CD). We converted the estimates into a single effect size; the log odds ratio and its corresponding standard error. Results: Of 14,236 citations retrieved, 13 studies were selected, including studies reporting IMT (n=3) and CD (n=2) and major CVD events (n=8). Overall, marine n-3 fatty acids significantly reduced atherosclerotic CVD (RR 0.94: 95%CI 0.90 to 0.99, p<0.05). There was no evidence of heterogeneity (p=0.65) or publication bias (p=0.37, Begg’s test). A sub-analysis among 8 studies of major CVD events showed the similar results (RR 0.94: 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99, p<0.05). Another sub-analysis among 4 studies excluding sudden cardiac death as an outcome showed RR of 0.91 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.02, p=0.097). A meta-regression analysis shows that dose of marine n-3 fatty acids was inversely associated with CVD outcome, although the association was not statistically significant (p=0.06). Conclusions: The result of our meta-analysis supports a modest anti-atherogenic effect of marine n-3 fatty acids. This benefit may be proportional to the amount of marine n-3 fatty acids consumed.

scholarly journals Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Treatment on Lipid Pattern of HIV Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Fogacci ◽  
Enrico Strocchi ◽  
Maddalena Veronesi ◽  
Claudio Borghi ◽  
Arrigo F. G. Cicero
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Increased Risk

Even though omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seem to be effective in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dyslipidemia, their impact is still debated. For this reason, our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of the clinical evidence available to date. A systematic literature search was conducted in order to identify published clinical trials assessing the effect of PUFAs treatment on serum lipoproteins, and its safety profile. The effect sizes for lipid changes were expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). For safety analysis, odd ratios and the 95% CI were calculated with the Mantel–Haenszel method. Data were pooled from nine clinical studies comprising overall 578 HIV-affected subjects. Meta-analysis of the data suggested that omega-3 PUFAs significantly reduced triglycerides (TG) (MD = −1.04, 95% CI: −1.5, −0.58 mmol/L, p < 0.001), while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.61 mmol/L, p = 0.004), without affecting serum levels of total cholesterol, very-low- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and A1. Change in TG was significantly associated with eicosapentaenoic acid administered via daily dose. PUFA treatment did not lead to an increased risk of adverse events. In conclusion, PUFAs are safe and exert a significant plasma lipid improving effect in HIV-positive patients.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Markers in Patients Undergoing Dialysis: A Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Kuan Wu ◽  
Shu-Ching Yeh ◽  
Shan-Jen Li ◽  
Yi-No Kang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

The effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on inflammatory markers among patients receiving dialysis have been discussed for a long time, but previous syntheses made controversial conclusion because of highly conceptual heterogeneity in their synthesis. Thus, to further understanding of this topic, we comprehensively gathered relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) before April 2019, and two authors independently extracted data of C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) for conducting network meta-analysis. Eighteen eligible RCTs with 962 patients undergoing dialysis were included in our study. The result showed that with placebo as the reference, PUFAs was the only treatment showing significantly lower CRP (weighted mean difference (WMD): −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.07 to −0.68), but the CRP in PUFAs group was not significantly lower than vitamin E, PUFAs plus vitamin E, or medium-chain triglyceride. Although no significant changes were noted for hs-CRP and IL-6 levels, PUFAs showed the best ranking among treatments according to surface under the cumulative ranking. Therefore, PUFAs could be a protective option for patients receiving dialysis in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Wheat Bran Does Not Affect Postprandial Plasma Short-Chain Fatty Acids from 13C-inulin Fermentation in Healthy Subjects

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Deroover ◽  
Joran Verspreet ◽  
Anja Luypaerts ◽  
Greet Vandermeulen ◽  
Christophe Courtin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids and distal ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis study

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. A68
Author(s):  
A. D'Arienzo ◽  
R. Bennato ◽  
F. Manguso ◽  
G. Vicinanza ◽  
M. Sanges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Distal Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e96905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grosso ◽  
Andrzej Pajak ◽  
Stefano Marventano ◽  
Sabrina Castellano ◽  
Fabio Galvano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

Influence of Ampicillin, Clindamycin, and Metronidazole on Faecal Excretion of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Healthy Subjects

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Høverstad ◽  
B. Carlstedt-Duke ◽  
E. Lingaas ◽  
T. Midtvedt ◽  
K. E. Norin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Alterations in short-chain fatty acids and serotonin in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Luo ◽  
Xiaojun Zhuang ◽  
Zhenyi Tian ◽  
Lishou Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Background Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) may be associated with the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There are some reports of alterations in SCFAs and 5-HT in IBS, but their results are inconsistent. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess alterations in SCFAs and 5-HT in IBS patients and their potential role in the abnormal brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis. Methods Case–control studies detecting SCFAs and 5-HT in IBS patients were identified from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases to identify relevant articles up to September 2018. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SCFAs and 5-HT were calculated by REVIEW MANAGER 5.3 to evaluate the alterations of 5-HT and SCFAs in IBS. Results Five studies on SCFAs and 5 on 5-HT in IBS patients were included. As compared to healthy controls (HCs), the SMDs of 5-HT in IBS patients was 2.35 (95% CI 0.46–4.24) and the SMDs of total SCFAs, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid in IBS patients were − 0.01 (95% CI − 0.57–0.55), − 0.04 (95% CI − 0.55–0.47), 0.07 (95% CI − 0.45–0.60), and − 0.00 (95% CI − 0.49–0.49), respectively. Conclusions There was an increase in 5-HT in blood of IBS patients, indicating the increased 5-HT in blood may be involved in IBS pathogenesis. However, there were no significant differences in SCFAs in feces between IBS patients and HCs. But the study did not differentiate between subgroups of IBS. These findings might provide insight for future studies of the BGM axis in the pathogenesis of IBS. Mei Luo and Xiaojun Zhuang contributed equally to the writing of this article

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