Gastrodin extends lifespan and protects neurodegeneration in Drosophila PINK1 model of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzheng He ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Shipei Yang ◽  
Yaling Li ◽  
Xingyao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Gastrodia Elata Blume ◽  
Medicinal Foods

Gastrodin is an active ingredient of the orchid plant Gastrodia elata Blume that is considered medicinal foods with bioactivity and nutritional value. Many studies have reported that gastrodin has antioxidative...

scholarly journals Multi-center clinical study of Parkon® efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 001-004
Author(s):  
NE Fjodorova ◽  
VH Shtok ◽  
EI Gusev ◽  
Goldstein Naum
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Motor Disturbances

The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of Parkon® spray as the compound for the effect on motor disturbances in treatment of both Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and neuroleptic-induced Parkinsonism. The main active ingredient of Parkon® is low concentrated hydrogen peroxide [1-3].

scholarly journals Glial Nrf2 signaling mediates the neuroprotection exerted by Gastrodia elata Blume in Lrrk2-G2019S Parkinson's disease

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-En Lin ◽  
Chin-Hsien Lin ◽  
En-Peng Ho ◽  
Yi-Ci Ke ◽  
Stavroula Petridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
G2019s Mutation ◽  
Lrrk2 G2019s

The most frequent missense mutations in familial Parkinson's disease (PD) occur in the highly conserved LRRK2/PARK8 gene with G2019S mutation. We previously established a fly model of PD carrying the LRRK2-G2019S mutation that exhibited the parkinsonism-like phenotypes. An herbal medicine-Gastrodia elata Blume (GE), has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in toxin-induced PD models. However, the underpinning molecular mechanisms of GE beneficiary to G2019S-induced PD remain unclear. Here, we show that these G2019S flies treated with water extracts of GE (WGE) and its bioactive compounds, gastrodin and 4-HBA, displayed locomotion improvement and dopaminergic neuron protection. WGE suppressed the accumulation and hyperactivation of G2019S proteins in dopaminergic neurons, and activated the antioxidation and detoxification factor Nrf2 mostly in the astrocyte-like and ensheathing glia. Glial activation of Nrf2 antagonizes G2019S-induced Mad/Smad signaling. Moreover, we treated LRRK2-G2019S transgenic mice with WGE and found the locomotion declines, the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and the number of hyperactive microglia were restored. WGE also suppressed the hyperactivation of G2019S proteins and regulated the Smad2/3 pathways in the mice brains. We conclude that WGE prevents locomotion defects and the neuronal loss induced by G2019S mutation via glial Nrf2/Mad signaling, unveiling a potential therapeutic avenue for PD.

scholarly journals Gastrodia elata Blume prevents dopaminergic neuron degeneration via glial Nrf2 signaling in Lrrk2-G2019S Parkinson's disease models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-En Lin ◽  
Chin-Hsien Lin ◽  
En-Peng Ho ◽  
Yi-Ci Ke ◽  
Stavroula Petridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Dopaminergic Neuron ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
G2019s Mutation

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) remains an incurable neurodegenerative disease. The most frequent missense mutations in familial PD occur in the highly conserved LRRK2/PARK8 gene. Both fly and mouse models of PD carrying the LRRK2 transgene with a dominant G2019S mutation exhibit locomotion defects and loss of dopaminergic neurons. Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is an herbal medicine traditionally used to treat neurological diseases and has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in toxin-induced PD models. However, the underpinning molecular mechanisms of GE beneficiary to G2019S-induced PD remain unclear. Methods: We pharmacologically treated the Drosophila G2019S model with water extract of GE (WGE) to evaluate the neuroprotective and locomotion-improving effects. The biochemical analyses and genetic manipulations were further applied to dissect the potential molecular pathways involved in WGE treatment. We also validated the effects and mechanisms of WGE in a G2019S transgenic mouse model. Results: We show that these G2019S mutant flies fed with WGE showed improved locomotion and stable dopaminergic neurons. WGE suppressed the accumulation and hyperactivation of G2019S mutant protein in dopaminergic neurons, and activated the antioxidation and detoxification factor Nrf2 in glia. Activated Nrf2 antagonizes G2019S-induced Mad/Smad signaling in glia. The effects of WGE on the Drosophila G2019S model were recapitulated in a G2019S transgenic mouse. Conclusion: We conclude that WGE prevents locomotion defects and the neuronal loss induced by G2019S mutation via glial Nrf2 upregulation, unveiling a potential therapeutic avenue for PD. Keywords: Parkinson's disease, Lrrk2, Gastrodia elata Blume, Drosophila, dopaminergic neuron, Nrf2, BMP/Mad, glia

Evaluation of Efferent Auditory System and Hearing Quality in Parkinson's Disease: Is the Difficulty in Speech Understanding in Complex Listening Conditions Related to Neural Degeneration or Aging?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nuriye Yıldırım Gökay ◽  
Bülent Gündüz ◽  
Fatih Söke ◽  
Recep Karamert
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
System Function ◽  
Distortion Product

Purpose The effects of neurological diseases on the auditory system have been a notable issue for investigators because the auditory pathway is closely associated with neural systems. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the efferent auditory system function and hearing quality in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to compare the findings with age-matched individuals without PD to present a perspective on aging. Method The study included 35 individuals with PD (mean age of 48.50 ± 8.00 years) and 35 normal-hearing peers (mean age of 49 ± 10 years). The following tests were administered for all participants: the first section of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale; pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes; and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and contralateral suppression of DPOAEs. SPSS Version 25 was used for statistical analyses, and values of p < .05 were considered statistically significant. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the pure-tone audiometry thresholds and DPOAE responses between the individuals with PD and their normal-hearing peers ( p = .732). However, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in suppression levels of DPOAEs and hearing quality ( p < .05). In addition, a statistically significant and positive correlation was found between the amount of suppression at some frequencies and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale scores. Conclusions This study indicates that medial olivocochlear efferent system function and the hearing quality of individuals with PD were affected adversely due to the results of PD pathophysiology on the hearing system. For optimal intervention and follow-up, tasks related to hearing quality in daily life can also be added to therapies for PD.

Accessible Internet Training for People With Aphasia and Parkinson's Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Linda Worrall ◽  
Jennifer Egan ◽  
Dorothea Oxenham ◽  
Felicity Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease

Voice Treatment for Individuals With Parkinson's Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Lorraine Ramig ◽  
Cynthia Fox
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Voice Treatment
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