Beneficial impacts of fermented celery juice on the obesity prevention and gut microbiota modulation in high-fat diet fed mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Jinhu Cao ◽  
Huiqin Jin ◽  
Yanke Shan ◽  
Jian Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Metabolic Syndromes

Abstract: Metabolic syndromes caused obesity has long been recognized as a risk of health. Celery and celery extracts have various medicinal properties, such as anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory and blood glucose and...

scholarly journals Preventive Effects of Kaempferol on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Complications in C57BL/6 Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tieqiao Wang ◽  
Qiaomin Wu ◽  
Tingqi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Blood Glucose

Kaempferol is a dietary flavanol that regulates cellular lipid and glucose metabolism. Its mechanism of action in preventing hepatic steatosis and obesity-related disorders has yet to be clarified. The purpose of this research was to examine kaempferol’s antiobesity effects in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice and to investigate its impact on their gut microbiota. Using a completely randomized design, 30 mice were equally assigned to a control group, receiving a low-fat diet, an HFD group, receiving a high-fat diet, and an HFD+kaempferol group, receiving a high-fat diet and kaempferol doses of 200 mg/kg in the diet. After eight weeks, the HFD mice displayed substantial body and liver weight gain and high blood glucose and serum cholesterol levels. However, treatment with kaempferol moderated body and liver weight gain and elevation of blood glucose and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Examination of 16S ribosomal RNA showed that HFD mice exhibited decreased microbial diversity, but kaempferol treatment maintained it to nearly the same levels as those in the control group. In conclusion, kaempferol can protect against obesity and insulin resistance in mice on a high-fat diet, partly through regulating their gut microbiota and moderating the decrease in insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Djulis Hull Improves Insulin Resistance and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Hyperglycaemia

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yu-Tang Tung ◽  
Jun-Lan Zeng ◽  
Shang-Tse Ho ◽  
Jin-Wei Xu ◽  
I-Hsuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat

In this study, we annotated the major flavonoid glycoside, rutin, of djulis hull crude extract using a Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) library and its MS/MS spectra. To evaluate the protective effect of djulis hull crude extract and rutin on glucose tolerance, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce hyperglycaemia. These results showed that crude extract significantly decreased HFD-induced elevation in the area under the curve (AUC) of weekly random blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), and advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels, and significantly increased pIRS1 and Glut4 protein expression in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and liver. Furthermore, the HFD-induced reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) was reversed by crude extract. In addition, ZO-1 and occludin protein expression in the colon was markedly downregulated in HFD-fed mice, resulting in decreased intestinal permeability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation, but were restored following crude extract. Moreover, the crude extract intervention had a profound effect on the alpha diversity and microbial community in the gut microbiota. Therefore, djulis hull crude extract could improve blood glucose and increase insulin receptor sensitivity in HFD-induced hyperglycaemia, which is likely due to its modulation of the gut microbiota, preservation of the integrity of the intestinal barrier to reduce body inflammation, increased antioxidant activity, and modulation of insulin signalling.

A fucoidan from sea cucumber Pearsonothuria graeffei with well-repeated structure alleviates gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic syndromes in HFD-fed mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 5371-5380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Junhui Li ◽  
Guizhu Mao ◽  
Tiantian Wu ◽  
Yaqin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Repeated Structure ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Metabolic Syndromes

A high-fat diet (HFD) has been a major contributor to increasing morbidity caused by metabolic syndromes.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates Colon Mucosal Damage Induced by a High-Fat Diet via Gut Microflora Adjustment to Increase Short-Chain Fatty Acid Accumulation in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
M. Gui Xie ◽  
Y. Quan Fei ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
W. Yan Wang ◽  
Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

A high-fat diet (HFD) has been previously associated with the development of diseases such as chronic colitis. While chlorogenic acid (CGA) is known to exhibit potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, little is known about its effects on intestinal inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of CGA on intestinal inflammation in an HFD-induced obesity rat model and assessed whether these effects were related to changes in gut microbiota composition. This was achieved by examining physiological and biochemical indicators, the liver transcriptome, and the structure of the fecal microflora. CGA treatment significantly reduced HFD-induced internal organ weight gain, promoted colon tissue repair, downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and promoted the accumulation of the tight junction protein. KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes, applied to data from the RNA-seq of rat liver tissue, revealed that CGA treatment significantly affected amino acid and lipid metabolism in the liver. Furthermore, CGA decreased the abundance of bacteria belonging to the genera Blautia, Sutterella, and Akkermansia and increased butyric acid levels, which were positively correlated with the abundance of Ruminococcus (butyric acid producer). Moreover, the beneficial changes observed in the HFD group were not as pronounced as those in the CGA treatment group. In summary, CGA can alleviate colitis in HFD-induced obesity through its anti-inflammatory effects associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and an increase in the production of short-chain fatty acids and thus can be used as a potential drug for the treatment of this pathology.

scholarly journals Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Early Fasting Hypoglycemia and Regulate the Gut Microbiota Composition

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Bin Wei ◽  
Qi-Wu Zhong ◽  
Song-Ze Ke ◽  
Tao-Shun Zhou ◽  
Qiao-Li Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose Level ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fasting Hypoglycemia

A low fasting blood glucose level is a common symptom in diabetes patients and can be induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding at an early stage, which may play important roles in the development of diabetes, but has received little attention. In this study, five polysaccharides were prepared from Sargassumfusiforme and their effects on HFD-induced fasting hypoglycemia and gut microbiota dysbiosis were investigated. The results indicated that C57BL/6J male mice fed an HFD for 4 weeks developed severe hypoglycemia and four Sargassumfusiforme polysaccharides (SFPs), consisting of Sf-2, Sf-3, Sf-3-1, and Sf-A, significantly prevented early fasting hypoglycemia without inducing hyperglycemia. Sf-1 and Sf-A could also significantly prevent HFD-induced weight gain. Sf-2, Sf-3, Sf-3-1, and Sf-A mainly attenuated the HFD-induced decrease in Bacteroidetes, and all five SFPs had a considerable influence on the relative abundance of Oscillospira, Mucispirillum, and Clostridiales. Correlation analysis revealed that the fasting blood glucose level was associated with the relative abundance of Mucispinllum and Oscillospira. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that Mucispinllum and Oscillospira exhibited good discriminatory power (AUC = 0.745–0.833) in the prediction of fasting hypoglycemia. Our findings highlight the novel application of SFPs (especially Sf-A) in glucose homeostasis and the potential roles of Mucispinllum and Oscillospira in the biological activity of SFPs.

Andrographis paniculata Improves Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice and TNFα-Treated 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (05) ◽  
pp. 1073-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Chieh Chen ◽  
Chong-Kuei Lii ◽  
Yi-Hsueh Lin ◽  
Pei-Hsin Shie ◽  
Ya-Chen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Membrane Translocation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pro-inflammatory cytokines interfere with blood glucose homeostasis, which leads to hyperglycemia. Andrographis paniculata (AP) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity and to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetes. The two major bioactive diterpenoids in AP, andrographolide (AND) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (deAND), have potent anti-inflammatory activity. We studied whether APE (an ethanolic extract of AP), AND, and deAND could improve a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperglycemia in vivo and TNF[Formula: see text]-induced impairment of insulin signaling in vitro. Male C57BL/6JNarl mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or the HFD, and the fatty mice were treated with APE, deAND, or AND for 16 weeks. 3T3-L1 cells were used to study the underlying mechanisms by which APE, deAND, or AND attenuated TNF[Formula: see text]-induced insulin resistance. The HFD significantly induced obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation, whereas APE and deAND significantly ameliorated HFD-induced obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and TNF[Formula: see text] production. The HFD significantly impaired insulin signaling by decreasing the protein expression of p-IRS1 tyr632 and p-AKT ser473, as well as the membrane translocation of GLUT4 in response to insulin stimulation in epididymal adipose tissue. HFD-impaired the membrane translocation of GLUT4 was significantly reversed by deAND and APE. In addition, deAND and APE markedly reversed the detrimental effect of TNF[Formula: see text] on the insulin signaling pathway and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. Despite no significant positive effect on p-AS160, a trend for recovery by deAND and APE was observed. These results suggest that deAND and APE protect against HFD-induced insulin resistance by ameliorating inflammation-driven impairment of insulin sensitivity.

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