Considerations of the limitations of commonly applied characterisation methods in understanding protein-driven irreversible fouling

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Z. Mustafa ◽  
N. R. H. Rao ◽  
R. K. Henderson ◽  
G. L. Leslie ◽  
P. Le-Clech
Keyword(s):  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Characterisation Methods

FEEM and LC-OCD characterisation supplemented with an understanding of protein morphology, hydrophobicity and charge lends insights into protein fouling behaviour.

scholarly journals GAKTpore: Stereological Characterisation Methods for Porous Foams in Biomedical Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
Gareth Sheppard ◽  
Karl Tassenberg ◽  
Bogdan Nenchev ◽  
Joel Strickland ◽  
Ramy Mesalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation ◽  
Characterisation Methods

In tissue engineering, scaffolds are a key component that possess a highly elaborate pore structure. Careful characterisation of such porous structures enables the prediction of a variety of large-scale biological responses. In this work, a rapid, efficient, and accurate methodology for 2D bulk porous structure analysis is proposed. The algorithm, “GAKTpore”, creates a morphology map allowing quantification and visualisation of spatial feature variation. The software achieves 99.6% and 99.1% mean accuracy for pore diameter and shape factor identification, respectively. There are two main algorithm novelties within this work: (1) feature-dependant homogeneity map; (2) a new waviness function providing insights into the convexity/concavity of pores, important for understanding the influence on cell adhesion and proliferation. The algorithm is applied to foam structures, providing a full characterisation of a 10 mm diameter SEM micrograph (14,784 × 14,915 px) with 190,249 pores in ~9 min and has elucidated new insights into collagen scaffold formation by relating microstructural formation to the bulk formation environment. This novel porosity characterisation algorithm demonstrates its versatility, where accuracy, repeatability, and time are paramount. Thus, GAKTpore offers enormous potential to optimise and enhance scaffolds within tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Biomedical Uses of Sulfobetaine-Based Zwitterionic Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 342-357
Author(s):  
Francesco Zaccarian ◽  
Matthew B. Baker ◽  
Matthew J. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Biomedical Device ◽  
The Many ◽  
Hydrophilic Coatings

Protein fouling can render a biomedical device dysfunctional, and also serves to nucleate the foreign body reaction to an implanted material. Hydrophilic coatings have emerged as a commonly applied route to combat interface-mediated complications and promote device longevity and limited inflammatory response. While polyethylene glycol has received a majority of the attention in this regard, coatings based on zwitterionic moieties have been more recently explored. Sulfobetaines in particular constitute one such class of zwitterions explored for use in mitigating surface fouling, and have been shown to reduce protein adsorption, limit cellular adhesion, and promote increased functional lifetimes and limited inflammatory responses when applied to implanted materials and devices. Here, we present a focused review of the literature surrounding sulfobetaine, beginning with an understanding of its chemistry and the methods by which it is applied to the surface of a biomedical device in molecular and polymeric forms, and then advancing to the many early demonstrations of function in a variety of biomedical applications. Finally, we provide some insights into the benefits and challenges presented by its use, as well as some outlook on the future prospects for using this material to improve biomedical device practice by addressing interface-mediated complications.

scholarly journals Applying a Hydrophilic Modified Hollow Fiber Membrane to Reduce Fouling in Artificial Lungs

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Nawaf Alshammari ◽  
Meshari Alazmi ◽  
Vajid Nettoor Veettil
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membranes ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Hydrophilic Modification ◽  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Time Periods

Membranes for use in high gas exchange lung applications are riddled with fouling. The goal of this research is to create a membrane that can function in an artificial lung until the actual lung becomes available for the patient. The design of the artificial lung is based on new hollow fiber membranes (HFMs), due to which the current devices have short and limited periods of low fouling. By successfully modifying membranes with attached peptoids, low fouling can be achieved for longer periods of time. Hydrophilic modification of porous polysulfone (PSF) membranes can be achieved gradually by polydopamine (PSU-PDA) and peptoid (PSU-PDA-NMEG5). Polysulfone (PSU-BSA-35Mg), polysulfone polydopamine (PSUPDA-BSA-35Mg) and polysulfone polydopamine peptoid (PSU-PDA-NMEG5-BSA35Mg) were tested by potting into the new design of gas exchange modules. Both surfaces of the modified membranes were found to be highly resistant to protein fouling permanently. The use of different peptoids can facilitate optimization of the low fouling on the membrane surface, thereby allowing membranes to be run for significantly longer time periods than has been currently achieved.

Mapping of protein fouling by FTIR-ATR as experimental tool to study membrane fouling and fluid velocity profile in various geometries and validation by CFD simulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Delaunay ◽  
Murielle Rabiller-Baudry ◽  
José M. Gozálvez-Zafrilla ◽  
Béatrice Balannec ◽  
Matthieu Frappart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Experimental Tool

scholarly journals First measurements with the new 3He-filled Monoblock Aluminium Multitube neutron detector developed at the ILL for ANSTO PLATYPUS reflectometer

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Luis Abuel ◽  
Friedl Bartsch ◽  
Andrew Berry ◽  
Jean-Claude Buffet ◽  
Sylvain Cuccaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
High Detection ◽  
Neutron Wavelength ◽  
High Detection Efficiency ◽  
Main Detector ◽  
Characterisation Methods

A detector upgrade was carried out on the PLATYPUS instrument dedicated to neutron reflectometry at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). The new detector, developed in the framework of a research collaboration between the ILL and ANSTO, is based on the Monoblock Aluminium Multi-tube (MAM) detector design already in use on several reflectometers and SANS instruments at the ILL. This article provides a technical description of the mechanical design and read-out electronics of the PLATYPUS detector and its commissioning on the PLATYPUS instrument. The main detector performance parameters have been measured and are presented here as well as the characterisation methods and the results of several reflectometry measurements. These measurements show an improvement in experimental data quality resulting from high positional resolution, high detection efficiency and reduced neutron scattering background in the 2.5–19 Å neutron wavelength range used in PLATYPUS instrument.

Prefiltration to suppress protein fouling of microfiltration membranes

2012 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E. Cutler ◽  
S.M. Husson ◽  
S.R. Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes

Determination of cleaning end of dairy protein fouling using an online system combining ultrasonic and classification methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wallhäußer ◽  
Ahmed Sayed ◽  
Stefan Nöbel ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein ◽  
Jörg Hinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification Methods ◽  
Online System ◽  
Protein Fouling ◽  
Dairy Protein
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