Emerging investigator series: could the superoxide radical be implemented in decontamination processes?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junye Ma ◽  
Zongsu Wei ◽  
Richard Spinney ◽  
Dionysios D. Dionysiou ◽  
Ruiyang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Treatment Processes

The superoxide radical (O2˙−) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diverse natural aquatic systems and engineered water treatment processes.

scholarly journals Generation of reactive oxygen species by promoting the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox cycle with reducing agents in aerobic aqueous solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenshu Li ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Gucheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Cycle ◽  
Copper Species ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
H2o2 Generation

Abstract This study investigated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (O2−•, H2O2, and HO•) by promoting the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox cycle with certain reducing agents (RAs) in aerobic aqueous solution, and benzoic acid (BA) was employed as indicator for the hydroxyl radical (HO•). Hydroxylamine (HA) can reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I) to induce chain reactions of copper species resulting in the generation of the superoxide radical (O2−•) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the intermediate Cu(I) can further activate H2O2 via a Fenton-like reaction to produce HO•, creating the remarkable BA degradation. O2 is indispensable, and unprotonated HA is the motive power in the O2/Cu/HA system. Moreover, pH is a crucial factor of the O2/Cu/HA system due to the protonated HA not being able to reduce Cu(II) into Cu(I). The oxidation of HA can be effectively induced by trace amounts of Cu(II), and both a higher HA dosage and a higher Cu(II) dosage can enhance H2O2 generation and BA degradation. In addition, some other RAs that can reduce Cu(II) into Cu(I) could replace HA in the O2/Cu/HA system to induce the generation of these ROS in aerobic aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Rapid evaluation of oxygen vacancies-enhanced photogeneration of the superoxide radical in nano-TiO2 suspensions

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (49) ◽  
pp. 29082-29089
Author(s):  
Wanchao Yu ◽  
Fengjie Chen ◽  
Yarui Wang ◽  
Lixia Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Degradation Of Pollutants

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and are closely related to the surface defects of a semiconductor.

Ophiostoma mitovirus 3a, ascorbic acid, glutathione, and photoperiod affect the development of stromata and apothecia by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Orshinsky ◽  
G.J. Boland
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Sclerotinia Homoeocarpa ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Increased Activity

Hypovirulence in Sclerotinia homoeocarpa is associated with infection by Ophiostoma mitovirus 3a (OMV3a). OMV3a is also present in asymptomatic isolates, with growth and virulence comparable to that of virus-free isolates. Hypovirulent isolates have impaired mitochondrial function resulting in increased activity of the alternative oxidase pathway, which is implicated in the reduction of reactive oxygen species in other fungi. In this study, hypovirulent, asymptomatic, and virus-free isolates were grown on potato dextrose agar amended with ascorbic acid or glutathione and were incubated under various photoperiods to determine the importance of reactive oxygen species, light, and OMV3a infection for differentiation of stromata and apothecia by S. homoeocarpa. Hypovirulent isolates did not form stromata or apothecia. Glutathione and darkness reduced stromata size and apothecia production by virulent and asymptomatic isolates. Apothecia formed under several different photoperiods, and ascorbic acid increased apothecia production. Ascospores were not detected in these apothecia. The results suggest that hypovirulence, light, and the superoxide radical are important factors in the formation of stromata and apothecia by S. homoeocarpa isolates. This is the first report of sterile apothecia production by North American isolates of S. homoeocarpa and provides a starting point for attempts to produce fertile apothecia.

scholarly journals Action of chondroitin sulfate on the level of cytokines and reactive oxygen species in blood serum upon carrageenan-induced inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
K. Dvorshchenko ◽  
M. Ashpin ◽  
O. Korotkyi ◽  
Ye. Torgalo ◽  
T. Falalyeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Increase of concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) is fixed in blood serum at carrageenan-induced rat paw inflammation, as well as increase of the content of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide). At introduction of the preparation on the basis of chondroitin sulfate the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species in blood serum decreases, while the concentration of IL10 increases in 1,7 times concerning the group of animals with сarrageenan-induced inflammation.

Electrocatalytic cogeneration of reactive oxygen species for synergistic water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 358 ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Young Yang ◽  
Hye Won Jeong ◽  
Byeong-ju Kim ◽  
Dong Suk Han ◽  
Wonyong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Is C3N4 Chemically Stable toward Reactive Oxygen Species in Sunlight-Driven Water Treatment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (22) ◽  
pp. 13380-13387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiadong Xiao ◽  
Qingzhen Han ◽  
Yongbing Xie ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Qiaozhi Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals The Reactive Oxygen Species Singlet Oxygen, Hydroxy Radicals, and the Superoxide Radical Anion—Examples of Their Roles in Biology and Medicine

Oxygen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
Ruth Edge ◽  
T. George Truscott
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Radical Anion ◽  
Hydroxy Radicals ◽  
Electronically Excited

Reactive oxygen species comprise oxygen-based free radicals and non-radical species such as peroxynitrite and electronically excited (singlet) oxygen. These reactive species often have short lifetimes, and much of our understanding of their formation and reactivity in biological and especially medical environments has come from complimentary fast reaction methods involving pulsed lasers and high-energy radiation techniques. These and related methods, such as EPR, are discussed with particular reference to singlet oxygen, hydroxy radicals, the superoxide radical anion, and their roles in medical aspects, such as cancer, vision and skin disorders, and especially pro- and anti-oxidative processes.

50 BOVINE SPERM DEATH KINETICS: TEMPORAL CHANGES IN PRODUCTION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND PLASMA MEMBRANE INJURY OF DAIRY AND BEEF FROZEN–THAWED SEMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
M. Ahmad ◽  
N. Ahmad ◽  
M. Anzar
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Over Time

The extent of changes in sperm structure and function affect the success of fertilization ultimately during the pathway to ovum in the female reproductive tract. The success of AI with frozen-thawed semen varies in dairy and beef breeds of bovine because of differed alterations in sperm during transport in female tract after insemination. To our knowledge, no report is available comparing the changes in dairy and beef sperm leading to death in female tract. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the changes in motility, generation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide), and their relation to sperm death [asymmetry (apoptosis) and rupture of plasma membrane] of dairy and beef frozen-thawed semen during incubation at 37°C for 24 h. This incubation was aimed to mimic the environment of female reproductive tract. Frozen dairy semen (n = 4 bulls) was procured from a Canadian breeding station, whereas beef semen was collected from breeding beef bulls (n = 3; 5 replicates), diluted with Tris-based extender (composition was same as used in dairy semen), cooled to +4°C over 90 min, and cryopreserved by programmable freezer using standard rate as used in dairy semen. Two straws per replicate were thawed at 37°C from both types of semen, pooled separately, and incubated at 37°C for 24 h in capped tubes. Each pooled semen sample was evaluated for motility with CASA, superoxide (O2–, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical using HE/YoPRO and H2DCFDA/PI assay, respectively, and asymmetry of plasma membrane using YoPRO/PI assay through flow cytometric analysis at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h of incubation. The MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used to analyse the data as 2 × 6 factorial model for 2 types of semen (dairy and beef) and 6 time points using time as repeated measure. A threshold limit of 30% was considered for motility and live sperm to get optimum fertility. Sperm motility remained higher (P < 0.05) than threshold limit till 6 h in dairy (50.95 ± 2.62%) and 2 h in beef semen (30.28 ± 6.95%). Dairy semen possessed more (P < 0.05) nonapoptotic sperm without O2– (HE–/YoPRO–) till 6 h of incubation than beef semen. The increase in apoptotic sperm containing superoxide radical (HE+/YoPRO+) over time was more (P < 0.05) in beef semen till 6 h of incubation. The rise in dead sperm containing H2O2 (H2DCFDA+/PI+) was recorded more in beef than in dairy semen until 6 h of incubation. Live sperm without apoptosis (YoPRO–/PI–) were higher until 24 h in dairy (49.36 ± 4.56%) compared with beef semen (24.89 ± 3.85%), whereas viable sperm with apoptosis (YoPRO+/PI–) were found similar in both types of semen over time. In conclusion, dairy frozen-thawed semen possessed more live sperm without reactive oxygen species (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) until 6 h of incubation than did beef semen. The decrease in superoxide radical was more in dairy than in beef semen. Dead and apoptotic sperm increased more in beef frozen-thawed semen over time during incubation. This inference suggests performing the insemination late near ovulation with beef frozen-thawed semen because of less viable life than dairy semen.

Augmentation of Photocatalytic Degradation of Oxytetracycline by Cu–CdS and Deciphering the Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 6245-6256
Author(s):  
Jing-Jing Tian ◽  
Chih-Kuei Chen ◽  
Joy Thomas ◽  
Chang-Tang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Visible Light Absorption ◽  
Scanning Electron

Production of Copper (Cu) modified Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanomaterial, named as Cu–CdS, was successfully synthesized through hydrothermal and photo deposition method to degrade oxytetracycline (OTC) antibiotics in aqueous solution. Uniform surface loading of copper was observed on CdS using Scanning Electron Microscopy-mapping (SEM-mapping). The Cu induced improvement in the visible light absorption was observed using UV-vis absorption spectrum. Thus, this material can exhibit excellent oxytetracycline (OTC) degradation by photocatalysis. The best OTC degradation efficiency of 90% was be achieved under the optimal concentration of 4% Cu–CdS, with 0.1 g L−1 dosage (pH 5) under UV irradiation. 0.167 mg L−1 min−1 was observed as the reaction kL-H on the peripheral of the catalyst. In addition, OTC can also be degraded under visible light with removal efficiency approximately 90%. Moreover, the contribution of main reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radical and holes, is evaluated as 18%, 43% and 29%.

Photo-production of reactive oxygen species and degradation of dissolved organic matter by hematite nanoplates functionalized by adsorbed oxalate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2278-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Huang ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Robert P. Young ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Eric D. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Geochemical Cycling ◽  
Photo Production

The geochemical cycling of iron and carbon can couple in unique ways in the euphotic zone of aquatic systems.

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