The impacts of climate change on coal-fired power plants: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yabin Da ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Jing-Li Fan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate change-induced coal-fired plant generation efficiency reduction tends to cut power supply by 15.77 billion kWh/year in the 2050s under RCP8.5. The challenges could be more evident if factoring in the rapidly increasing power demand.

scholarly journals Economic Consequences of Cooling Water Insufficiency in the Thermal Power Sector under Climate Change Scenarios

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Naota Hanasaki ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract: Currently, thermal power is the largest source of power in the world. Although the impacts of climate change on cooling water sufficiency in thermal power plants have been extensively assessed globally and regionally, their economic consequences have seldom been evaluated. In this study, the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model Computable General Equilibrium model (AIM/CGE) was used to evaluate the economic consequences of projected future cooling water insufficiency on a global basis, which was simulated using the H08 global hydrological model. This approach enabled us to investigate how the physical impacts of climate change on thermal power generation influence economic activities in regions and industrial sectors. To account for the uncertainty of climate change projections, five global climate models and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 2.6 and 8.5) were used. The ensemble-mean results showed that the global gross domestic product (GDP) loss in 2070–2095 due to cooling water insufficiency in the thermal power sector was −0.21% (−0.12%) in RCP8.5 (RCP2.6). Among the five regions, the largest GDP loss of −0.57% (−0.27%) was observed in the Middle East and Africa. Medium-scale losses of −0.18% (−0.12%) and −0.14% (−0.12%) were found in OECD90 (the member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development as of 1990) and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union, respectively. The smallest losses of −0.05% (−0.06%) and −0.09% (−0.08%) were found in Latin America and Asia, respectively. The economic impact of cooling water insufficiency was non-negligible and should be considered as one of the threats induced by climate change.

scholarly journals Economic Consequences of Cooling Water Insufficiency in the Thermal Power Sector under Climate Change Scenarios

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Naota Hanasaki ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Currently, thermal power is the largest source of power in the world. Although the impacts of climate change on cooling water sufficiency in thermal power plants have been extensively assessed globally and regionally, their economic consequences have seldom been evaluated. In this study, the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model Computable General Equilibrium model (AIM/CGE) was used to evaluate the economic consequences of projected future cooling water insufficiency on a global basis, which was simulated using the H08 global hydrological model. This approach enabled us to investigate how the physical impacts of climate change on thermal power generation influence economic activities in regions and industrial sectors. To account for the uncertainty of climate change projections, five global climate models and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 2.6 and 8.5) were used. The ensemble-mean results showed that the global gross domestic product (GDP) loss in 2070–2095 due to cooling water insufficiency in the thermal power sector was −0.21% (−0.12%) in RCP8.5 (RCP2.6). Among the five regions, the largest GDP loss of −0.57% (−0.27%) was observed in the Middle East and Africa. Medium-scale losses of −0.18% (−0.12%) and −0.14% (−0.12%) were found in OECD90 (the member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development as of 1990) and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union, respectively. The smallest losses of −0.05% (−0.06%) and −0.09% (−0.08%) were found in Latin America and Asia, respectively. The economic impact of cooling water insufficiency was non-negligible and should be considered as one of the threats induced by climate change.

Implications of extreme temperatures and socio-economic development on power markets’ peak demand across the world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Colelli ◽  
Enrica De Cian ◽  
Malcolm Mistry ◽  
Irene Mammi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Power Markets ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

<p><strong>Relevance:</strong> Extreme temperature events, both heatwaves and cold spells, can put pressure on power systems’ reliability by pushing power demand to record highs. Within the literature assessing the impacts of climate change on the energy sector,  gathering new evidence on the drivers of peak load is a pressing issue for multiple reasons. First, peaks in power load must be accommodated by exceptional ramp-up requirements of power generating units, so that in the future adapting to climate change may involve the construction of plentiful under-utilized peak generation plants, putting pressures on the decarbonization goals and increasing stranded assets risks. Furthermore, peak load shocks induced by extreme temperatures can coincide with reduced transmission and distribution capacity, further challenging the operation of electricity grids [1].</p><p>Both the empirical and modeling literature assessing the impacts of climate change on the energy sector have generally focused on aggregated electricity demand rather than on its peaks. Few available empirical studies  investigate how extreme events can affect peak demand focus on industrialized countries and estimate reduced-form models, that hold adaptation, economic growth, technology, and current infrastructure constant [2,3]. Our paper aims to fill this gap by identifying if and how climatic and socio-economic drivers can affect the magnitude of the peak load response to extreme weather events.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> We assess these interrelated dynamics by exploiting high-frequency power demand data collected from load balancing authorities. Specifically, we assemble a novel dataset spanning for the last two decades across more than 100 power markets, comprising both countries (European Member States, Asian and African countries) and large sub-national regions (power markets in Japan, Australia and Russia and Federal States or Provinces in the US, Canada, Brazil and India). The dataset includes: i) daily peak and total load; ii) daily population-weighted exposure to weather from 3 hourly near surface temperature data at 0.25 degrees gridded resolution; iii) quarterly and yearly regional statistics and indicators on demography, economy, education and innovation. We investigate how daily peak load responds to extreme temperatures by adopting a suite of time-series and panel econometric methods that fully exploit the high-frequency and sub-national disaggregation of our dataset.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Utilizing the innovative methodological framework proposed, we: i) identify how peak load responds to temperature extremes in different regions; ii) test if and how such response can be modulated by regional climatic and socio-economic characteristics; iii) derive cost implications due to the amplification of peak demand deriving from future increases in the intensity and frequency of extreme events.</p><p>References:</p><p>[1] Yalew, S. G., van Vliet, M. T., Gernaat, D. E., Ludwig, F., Miara, A., Park, C., ... & Van Vuuren, D. P. (2020). Nature Energy, 5(10), 794-802.</p><p>[2] Auffhammer, M., Baylis, P., & Hausman, C. H. (2017). PNAS, 114(8), 1886-1891.</p><p>[3] Wenz, L., Levermann, A., & Auffhammer, M. (2017). PNAS, 114(38), E7910-E7918.</p>

scholarly journals Impacts of solar intermittency on future photovoltaic reliability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
Annalisa Molini ◽  
Amilcare Porporato
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract As photovoltaic power is expanding rapidly worldwide, it is imperative to assess its promise under future climate scenarios. While a great deal of research has been devoted to trends in mean solar radiation, less attention has been paid to its intermittent character, a key challenge when compounded with uncertainties related to climate variability. Using both satellite data and climate model outputs, we characterize solar radiation intermittency to assess future photovoltaic reliability. We find that the relation between the future power supply and long-term mean solar radiation trends is spatially heterogeneous, showing power reliability is more sensitive to the fluctuations of mean solar radiation in hot arid regions. Our results highlight how reliability analysis must account simultaneously for the mean and intermittency of solar inputs when assessing the impacts of climate change on photovoltaics.

scholarly journals Calculation Method for Electricity Price and Rebate Level in Demand Response Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6871
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Takano ◽  
Naohiro Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Asano ◽  
Aya Hagishima ◽  
Nguyen Duc Tuyen
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Control Power ◽  
Welfare Maximization ◽  
Social Welfare Maximization ◽  
Efficient Option ◽  
Demand Response Programs

Demand response programs (DRs) can be implemented with less investment costs than those in power plants or facilities and enable us to control power demand. Therefore, they are highly expected as an efficient option for power supply–demand-balancing operations. On the other hand, DRs bring new difficulties on how to evaluate the cooperation of consumers and to decide electricity prices or rebate levels with reflecting its results. This paper presents a theoretical approach that calculates electricity prices and rebate levels in DRs based on the framework of social welfare maximization. In the authors’ proposal, the DR-originated changes in the utility functions of power suppliers and consumers are used to set a guide for DR requests. Moreover, optimal electricity prices and rebate levels are defined from the standpoint of minimal burden in DRs. Through numerical simulations and discussion on their results, the validity of the authors’ proposal is verified.

The economywide impacts of climate change on Philippine agriculture

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change
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