Reply to the ‘Comment on “Techno-economic analysis of capacitive and intercalative water deionization”’ by S. K. Patel, L. Wang and M. Elimelech, Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, 10.1039/D0EE03321A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Metzger ◽  
Münir Besli ◽  
Saravanan Kuppan ◽  
Sondra Hellstrom ◽  
Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Separation Conditions ◽  
Energy Environ

This reply provides updated energy consumption estimates at clearly defined separation conditions for electrochemical desalination concepts.

Energy and Economic Analysis for Greenhouse Envelope Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1795-1810
Author(s):  
James Bambara ◽  
Andreas K. Athienitis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wall

Abstract. The energy consumption of a building is significantly impacted by its envelope design, particularly for greenhouses where coverings typically provide high heat and daylight transmission. Energy and life cycle cost (LCC) analysis were used to identify the most cost-effective cladding design for a greenhouse located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (45.4° N) that employs supplemental lighting. The base case envelope design uses single glazing, whereas the two alternative designs consist of replacing the glass with twin-wall polycarbonate and adding foil-faced rigid insulation (permanent or movable) on the interior surface of the glass. All the alternative envelope designs increased electricity consumption for lighting and decreased heating energy use except when permanent or movable insulation was applied to the north wall and in the case of permanent insulation on the north wall plus polycarbonate on the east wall. This demonstrates how the use of reflective opaque insulation on the north wall can be beneficial for redirecting light onto the crops to achieve simultaneous reductions in electricity and heating energy costs. A maximum reduction in LCC of 5.5% (net savings of approximately $130,000) was achieved when permanent insulation was applied to the north and east walls plus polycarbonate on the west wall. This alternative envelope design increased electricity consumption for horticultural lighting by 4.3%, reduced heating energy use by 15.6%, and caused greenhouse gas emissions related to energy consumption to decrease by 14.7%. This analysis demonstrates how energy and economic analysis can be employed to determine the most suitable envelope design based on local climate and economic conditions. Keywords: Artificial lighting, Consistent daily light integral, Energy modeling, Envelope design, Greenhouse, Life cycle cost analysis, Light emitting diode, Local agriculture.

The price of protein: combining evolutionary and economic analysis to understand excessive energy consumption

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Brooks ◽  
S. J. Simpson ◽  
D. Raubenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis

Energy Consumption and Economic Analysis to Residential Building Meeting the Criterion of 65% Energy Saving in Zhangjiakou

2011 ◽  
Vol 225-226 ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Lei Ma ◽  
Jian Hui Niu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Design Standard ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Saving Effect

An energy saving residential building in Zhangjiakou was took as research object, which was designed and constructed according to the criterion of 65% energy saving of the third stage, utilizing simulation software Dest, which was developed by Qinghua University, energy consumption simulation and economic analysis were done to the building. The results show that compared with the former residence which was built according to the non-energy saving design, the implementation of new design standard for building energy saving can not only achieve better energy saving effect, but also its payback period is short, so the new design standard for building energy saving is worth spreading.

scholarly journals Different heating systems for single family house: Energy and economic analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Turanjanin ◽  
Biljana Vucicevic ◽  
Marina Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Family House

The existing building stock energy consumption accounts for about 38% of final energy consumption in Republic of Serbia. 70% of that energy is consumed by residential sector, mostly for space heating. This research is addressed to the single family house building placed in the Belgrade city. The house has ground and first floor with total heating area of 130 m2 and pellet as space heating source. The aim of this paper is to evaluate energy and economic analysis for different heating systems. Several homeheating were compared: Option 1 (biomass combustion boiler using pellet as a fuel), Option 2 (gas combustion boiler) and Option 3 (heat pump). The building performance was evaluated by TRNSYS 17 simulation code. Results show estimated savings using renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals An Environmental and Economic Analysis of Flocculation Technology Applied to a Corn-Based Ethanol Plant

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição T. B. e Oliveira ◽  
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Ethanol Plant ◽  
Flocculation Process

The stimulation of renewable fuel production is related to the environmental issues resulting from the extraction and utilization of fossil fuels. Although corn-based ethanol is one of the leading renewable fuels and promises to mitigate these environmental impacts, it generates large volumes of wastewater with high concentrations of organic material (CODcr > 30,000 mg/L) and low pH (3.5–4.5), which leads to serious environmental concerns. A common method of treatment of distillery wastewater is the Dry Distilled Grain Soluble (DDGS) process, which separates liquid and solid fractions; however, a disadvantage of this process is its high energy consumption. Other commonly implemented methods are often costly and not environmentally safe. To minimize these problems, a flocculation process can be applied as a potential lower energy consumption process utilizing bioflocculants, which have been proven harmless to the environment. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of using bioflocculants instead of evaporation process in a corn-based ethanol plant. The procedures were evaluated by analyzing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA). From the results, it can be seen that the flocculation system can be an alternative process for effectively minimizing energy consumption during the production of DDGS, Distilled Wet Grains with Solubles (DWGS), and corn oil. The flocculation process achieved a significantly (28%) lower utility cost when compared to the conventional system. However, the overall fixed costs and annual operating costs for the flocculation system were higher than those of the conventional system. Additionally, both processes resulted in negative profit and a sensitivity analysis showed that the feedstocks cost substantially impacted the DDGS, DWGS, and corn oil production costs. Related to environmental aspects, the LCA results showed that the flocculation process achieved the lowest Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the several electricity supply technologies analyzed and presented a significant reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions when compared to a conventional system. The flocculation process resulted in approximately 57% lower greenhouse gas emissions.

Economic Analysis of Energy Saving Measures in Current Prefabricated Panel Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 457-465
Author(s):  
Jan Pašek ◽  
Diana Tvrzníková
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
Technical Measures

The paper focuses on analysis and assessment of economic effectivity of measures taken in order to lower energy demands of prefabricated panel residential buildings. For this purpose, a group of buildings with previously made modifications with potential to lower the energy and heating consumption were selected. Next, the development of their energy consumption and their costs was monitored. The assessment of achieved figures was made with regards to amount of costs which were paid for these measures and also with regards to their service life, amount of gained subsidy and decrease of consumed energies and operational costs of the buildings after the measures were taken. It was found that there had been a significant difference in investment returns for constituent technical measures. For some of them, it is not even realistic to expect reaching the return of investments during their service life period.

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