Rational Design of Solid-Acid Catalysts for Cellulose Hydrolysis Using Colloidal Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Zhang ◽  
Geoffrey A Tompsett ◽  
Christopher Lambert ◽  
Sergio Granados-Focil ◽  
Michael T. Timko
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts

Solid-acid catalysts functionalized with catalytic groups have attracted intense interests for hydrolyzing cellulose into fermentable compounds. However, the solid-acid catalysts design has been guided by molecular level of interactions and...

Novel polymeric solid acid catalysts for cellulose hydrolysis

RSC Advances ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (46) ◽  
pp. 24280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghong Qian ◽  
Jing Lei ◽  
Sumith Ranil Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Solid Acid ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Polymeric Solid

Towards Rational Design of Solid Acid Catalysts

1996 ◽  
Vol 197 (Part_1_2) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Meurig Thomas ◽  
Dewi Wyn Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts

scholarly journals A New Method for Solid Acid Catalyst Evaluation for Cellulose Hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-669
Author(s):  
Maksim Tyufekchiev ◽  
Jordan Finzel ◽  
Ziyang Zhang ◽  
Wenwen Yao ◽  
Stephanie Sontgerath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Acid ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Supernatant Liquid

A systematic and structure-agnostic method for identifying heterogeneous activity of solid acids for catalyzing cellulose hydrolysis is presented. The basis of the method is preparation of a supernatant liquid by exposing the solid acid to reaction conditions and subsequent use of the supernatant liquid as a cellulose hydrolysis catalyst to determine the effects of in situ generated homogeneous acid species. The method was applied to representative solid acid catalysts, including polymer-based, carbonaceous, inorganic, and bifunctional materials. In all cases, supernatant liquids produced from these catalysts exhibited catalytic activity for cellulose hydrolysis. Direct comparison of the activity of the solid acid catalysts and their supernatants could not provide unambiguous detection of heterogeneous catalysis. A reaction pathway kinetic model was used to evaluate potential false-negative interpretation of the supernatant liquid test and to differentiate heterogeneous from homogeneous effects on cellulose hydrolysis. Lastly, differences in the supernatant liquids obtained in the presence and absence of cellulose were evaluated to understand possibility of false-positive interpretation, using structural evidence from the used catalysts to gain a fresh understanding of reactant–catalyst interactions. While many solid acid catalysts have been proposed for cellulose hydrolysis, to our knowledge, this is the first effort to attempt to differentiate the effects of heterogeneous and homogeneous activities. The resulting supernatant liquid method should be used in all future attempts to design and develop solid acids for cellulose hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Butane Isomerization as a Diagnostic Tool in the Rational Design of Solid Acid Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Potter ◽  
Joshua J.M. Le Brocq ◽  
Alice E. Oakley ◽  
Evangeline B. McShane ◽  
Bart D. Vandegehuchte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Butane Isomerization ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia Catalysts

The growing demand for isobutane as a vital petrochemical feedstock and chemical intermediate has for many decades surpassed industrial outputs that can be supplied through liquified petroleum gases. Alternative methods to resource the isobutane market have been explored, primarily the isomerization of linear n-butane to the substituted isobutane. To date the isobutane market is valued at over 20 billion US dollars, enticing researchers to seek unique and novel catalytic materials to improve on current commercial practices. Two main classes of catalysts have dominated the butane isomerization literature in the last few decades; namely microporous zeolites and sulfated zirconia. Both have been widely researched for butane isomerization, to the point where key catalytic descriptors such as acidity, framework topology and metal doping are becoming well understood. While this provides new researchers with a roadmap for developing new materials, it is has also begun developing into an invaluable tool for diagnosing and understanding the effect of these individual descriptors on catalytic properties. In this review we explore the different factors that influence the active site behavior of particularly zeolites and sulfated zirconia catalysts towards understanding the use of butane isomerization as a diagnostic tool for solid-acid catalysts.

Experimental Study on Cellulose Hydrolysis Using Active Carbon-Based and Carbon Nanotube-Based Solid Acid Catalysts

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Liu ◽  
Zong Ming Zheng ◽  
Jin Qi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Acid ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Carbon Based

Three kinds of carbon-based solid acid catalysts were prepared to hydrolyze cellulose with activated carbon (AC) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the carrier. The prepared solid acid catalysts were characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, FTIR and TG analysis. The catalytic activities of these prepared solid acid catalysts for heterogeneously catalyzed hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose were further investigated. The catalysts bearing hydroxyl, carboxyl and sulfonic groups is thermally stable. Due to the amorphous multi-layered structure and the large number of defected structure, AC-based solid acid bears more acid groups than the MWCNTs-based catalyst. which hence showing higher activity for the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose. AC-based solid acid exihibited two-fold higher catalytic efficiency than that of the MWCNTs-based solid acid catalysts.

scholarly journals Bioinspired Cellulase-Mimetic Solid Acid Catalysts for Cellulose Hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangxu Yang ◽  
Xiaolin Luo ◽  
Li Shuai
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Mineral Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Mineral Acids

Glucose produced by catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose is an important platform molecule for producing a variety of potential biobased fuels and chemicals. Catalysts such as mineral acids and enzymes have been intensively studied for cellulose hydrolysis. However, mineral acids show serious limitations concerning equipment corrosion, wastewater treatment and recyclability while enzymes have the issues such as high cost and thermal stability. Alternatively, solid acid catalysts are receiving increasing attention due to their high potential to overcome the limitations caused by conventional mineral acid catalysts but the slow mass transfer between the solid acid catalysts and cellulose as well as the absence of ideal binding sites on the surface of the solid acid catalysts are the key barriers to efficient cellulose hydrolysis. To bridge the gap, bio-inspired or bio-mimetic solid acid catalysts bearing both catalytic and binding sites are considered futuristic materials that possess added advantages over conventional solid catalysts, given their better substrate adsorption, high-temperature stability and easy recyclability. In this review, cellulase-mimetic solid acid catalysts featuring intrinsic structural characteristics such as binding and catalytic domains of cellulase are reviewed. The mechanism of cellulase-catalyzed cellulose hydrolysis, design of cellulase-mimetic catalysts, and the issues related to these cellulase-mimetic catalysts are critically discussed. Some potential research directions for designing more efficient catalysts for cellulose hydrolysis are proposed. We expect that this review can provide insights into the design and preparation of efficient bioinspired cellulase-mimetic catalysts for cellulose hydrolysis.

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