The C-terminal loop of Arabidopsis thaliana guanosine deaminase is essential to catalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Jia ◽  
Hui Zeng ◽  
Huanxi Li ◽  
Nan Xiao ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Terminal Loop

Guanosine deaminase (GSDA) in plants specifically deaminates (de)guanosine a nd deoxyguanosine to produce xanthosine with high specificity, which is further converted to xanthine, a key intermediate in purine metabolism and and uric...

scholarly journals A simple and rapid method for measuringα-D-phosphohexomutases activity by using anion-exchange chromatography coupled with an electrochemical detector

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Jia ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Heng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Electrochemical Detector ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Coupled Assay

The interconversion of hexose-6-phosphate and hexose-1-phosphate can be directly analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with an electrochemical detector (HPAEC-PAD). Thus, this method can be used to measure the activities of N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate mutase (AGM), glucosamine-phosphate mutase (GlmM) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM), which are the members ofα-D-phosphohexomutases superfamily. The detection limits were extremely low as 2.747 pmol, 1.365 pmol, 0.512 pmol, 0.415 pmol, 1.486 pmol and 0.868 pmol for N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcNAc-1-P), N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P), glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcN-1-P), glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P), glucose-1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) and glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P), respectively. By employing HPAEC-PAD, activities ofAtAGM (AGM fromArabidopsis thaliana) on these six phosphohexoses can be detected. TheKmofAtAGM on Glc-1-P determined by HPAEC-PAD was 679.18 ± 156.40 µM, which is comparable with theKmof 707.09 ± 170.36 µM detected by traditional coupled assay. Moreover, the activity ofMtGlmM (GlmM fromMycobacterium tuberculosis) on GlcN-6-P tested by HPAEC-PAD was 7493.40 ± 309.12 nmol∕min ⋅ mg, which is much higher than 288.97 ± 35.28 nmol∕min ⋅ mg obtained by the traditional coupled assay. Accordingly, HPAEC-PAD is a more rapid and simple method than the traditional coupled assays given its high specificity and sensitivity, and will certainly bring convenience to further research ofα-D-phosphohexomutases.

Structural and Chemical Studies of Pathological Fibers in Human Neurofibrillary Degeneration

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 726-729
Author(s):  
K.S. Kosik ◽  
L.K. Duffy ◽  
S. Bakalis ◽  
C. Abraham ◽  
D.J. Selkoe
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangles ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Protein Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Studies

The major structural lesions of the human brain during aging and in Alzheimer disease (AD) are the neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and the senile (neuritic) plaque. Although these fibrous alterations have been recognized by light microscopists for almost a century, detailed biochemical and morphological analysis of the lesions has been undertaken only recently. Because the intraneuronal deposits in the NFT and the plaque neurites and the extraneuronal amyloid cores of the plaques have a filamentous ultrastructure, the neuronal cytoskeleton has played a prominent role in most pathogenetic hypotheses.The approach of our laboratory toward elucidating the origin of plaques and tangles in AD has been two-fold: the use of analytical protein chemistry to purify and then characterize the pathological fibers comprising the tangles and plaques, and the use of certain monoclonal antibodies to neuronal cytoskeletal proteins that, despite high specificity, cross-react with NFT and thus implicate epitopes of these proteins as constituents of the tangles.

A comparison of three cryotechniques (freeze-drying, cryosubstitution, cryosectioning) of specimen preparation for immunolabelling of bacterial antigens of Coxiella burnetii

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
T. F. McCaul ◽  
R. J. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Bacterial Antigens ◽  
Structural Preservation ◽  
Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Cellular Components

Immuno-electron microscopy has allowed the selective localisation of molecules with high resolution and high specificity. Cryopreparatory methods have provided better retention of antigenicity suitable for precise immunolabelling together with optimal structural preservation of cellular components. Cryosubstitution and cryoultramicrotomy have widely been exploited for immunolabelling. Molecular Distillation Dryer (MDD), a form of freeze-drying technique, has recently been used for immunolabelling of Plasmodium falciparum stress proteins and nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in cultured cells. In the present study, we report the comparison of all three cryotechniques in the immunolabelling of bacterial antigens of Coxiella burnetii.The highly infectious C. burnetii was prefixed in 3% glutaraldehyde (66 mM cacodylate buffer, pH 6.8 ). The cells were then pre-embedded in 2% low-temperature agarose on Durapore hydrophilic membrane prior to cryofixation using a LifeCell CF100 metal-mirror system. A 1% glutaraldehyde in 100% methanol was used as a medium for cryosubstitution in a Reichert CS Auto Cryosubstitution apparatus.

Electronmicroscopic localization of ribonucleic acids in ciliate Bursaria truncatella during cell division

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popenko ◽  
Natalya Cherny ◽  
Maria Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Somatic Nucleus ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Short Time

Highly polyploid somatic nucleus (macronucleus) of ciliate Bursaria truncatella under goes severe changes in morphology during cell division. At first, macronucleus (Ma) condences, diminishes in size and turns perpendicular to longitudinal axis of the cell. After short time, Ma turns again, elongates and only afterwards the process of division itself occurs. The biological meaning of these phenomena is not clear.Localization of RNA in the cells was performed on sections of ciliates B. truncatella, embedded in “Lowicryl K4M” at various stages: (1) before cell division (Figs. 2,3); (11) at the stage of macronucleus condensation; (111) during elongation of Ma (Fig.4); (1111) in young cells (0-5min. after division). For cytochemical labelling we used RNaseAcolloidal gold complexes (RNase-Au), which are known to bind to RNA containing cell ularstructures with high specificity. The influence of different parameters on the reliability and reproducibility of labelling was studied. In addition to the factors, discussed elsewhere, we found that the balance of mono- and bivalent cations is of great significance.

Hit and False-Alarm Rates of Selected ABR Indices in Differentiating Cochlear Disorders From Acoustic Tumors

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Musiek ◽  
Cynthia A. McCormick ◽  
Raymond M. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
False Alarm ◽  
Amplitude Ratio ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Latency Difference ◽  
Cochlear Pathology ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Absolute Latency ◽  
Two Indices ◽  
Low Sensitivity

We performed a retrospective study of 26 patients with acoustic tumors and 26 patients with otologically diagnosed cochlear pathology to determine the sensitivity (hit rate), specificity (false-alarm rate), and efficiency of six auditory brainstem response indices. In addition, a utility value was determined for each of these six indices. The I–V interwave interval, the interaural latency difference, and the absolute latency of wave V provided the highest hit rates, the best A’ values and good utility. The V/I amplitude ratio index provided high specificity but low sensitivity scores. In regard to sensitivity and specificity, using the combination of two indices provided little overall improvement over the best one-index measures.

Stable genetic transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium inoculation in planta

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok So Chang ◽  
Soon Ki Park ◽  
Byung Chul Kim ◽  
Bong Joong Kang ◽  
Dal Ung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
In Planta

531: Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR for AMACR Distinguishes Prostate Cancer with High Specificity From Benign Lesions

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 145-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schostak ◽  
Hans Krause ◽  
Jens Köllermann ◽  
Mark Schrader ◽  
Bernd Straub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Benign Lesions

The effect of daylength on the transition to flowering in phytochrome-deficient, late-flowering and double mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Koornneef ◽  
Corrie Hanhart ◽  
Patty van Loenen-Martinet ◽  
Hetty Blankestijn de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Transition To Flowering
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