Dialdehyde pectin-crosslinked and hirudin-loaded decellularized porcine pericardium with improved matrix stability, enhanced anti-calcification and anticoagulant for bioprosthetic heart valves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyue Hu ◽  
Xu Peng ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoshuang Yu ◽  
Can Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Matrix Stability ◽  
Transcatheter Valve ◽  
Valve Diseases ◽  
Porcine Pericardium

To conveniently and effectively cure heart valve diseases or defects, combining with transcatheter valve technology, bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) originated from the decellularized porcine pericardium (D-PP) have been broadly used...

Heart Valve Diseases in the Elderly

2013 ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Yos Morsi ◽  
Zhang Li ◽  
Sheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Aortic Sclerosis ◽  
Valve Diseases

This chapter gives an overview of heart valve diseases, their diagnostics techniques, and current and future treatments with particular emphasis on the elder generation. It starts with a brief presentation of anatomy of the heart and its valves and the effect of aging on the function of the heart. Subsequently the projection of the global older population is given, and the most common and frequently occurring valvular heart diseases including aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, and aortic sclerosis are presented and discussed. Moreover, the current heart valve replacement techniques using mechanical or bio-prosthetic valves and the complications associated with the use of these artificial heart valves are presented and discussed. The chapter ends with a full account of the risk of mortality associated with the operation of heart valve replacement for older patients and the future directions for heart valve implementation using the tissue engineering concept.

CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS IN PATIENTS OVER 50 YEAR OLD WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASES INDICATED FOR VALVE SURGERY

2016 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Bang Giap Vo ◽  
Anh Binh Ho ◽  
Van Minh Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Circumflex Coronary Artery ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Valve Diseases

Objectives: To investigate the features of coronary artery lesions in patients over 50 with heart valve diseases and to find out the relationship between the levels of coronary artery lesions and heart valve diseases. Results: In patients over 50 year old with heart valve diseases, the rate of significant coronary artery lesions is 55.5%. In which, significant lesions in the group of both mitral and aorta valve diseases is 44.19%, only mitral valve diseases is of 70%, only aortic valve diseases is of 51.85%. There is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and right coronary artery lesions (OR 3.74: 1.64 to 8.5, p = 0.0017) and circumflex coronary artery lesions (OR 2.59: 1.16 to 5.75, p = 0.0192). The severity of heart valve lesions in significant coronary artery lesions group is higher than insignificant coronary artery lesions group or normal group. Conclusion: Coronary artery lesions is common in patients > 50 years old with heart valve diseases, there is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and and right coronary artery lesions and circumflex coronary artery lesions. Key words: coronary artery lesions, mitral valvediseases

A Biomechanical and Microstructural Analysis of Bovine and Porcine Pericardium for Use in Bioprosthetic Heart Valves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Campion ◽  
Kylie Hershberger ◽  
Alix Whelan ◽  
Jack Conroy ◽  
Caitriona Lally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Porcine Pericardium

Large Displacement Flexural Properties of Tissue Engineered Heart Valve Scaffolds

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Sacks ◽  
Sanjay Kaushal ◽  
John E. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Critical Test ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Tissue Engineered Heart Valve ◽  
Valve Prostheses ◽  
Tissue Engineered Heart Valves

Abstract The need for improved heart valve prostheses is especially critical in pediatric applications, where growth and remodeling are essential. Tissue engineered heart valves (TEHV) have functioned in the pulmonary circulation of growing lambs for up to four months [1], and thus can potentially overcome limitations of current bioprosthetic heart valves. Despite these promising results, significant questions remain. In particular, the role of scaffold mechanical properties in optimal extra-cellular matrix development, as well as TEHV durability, are largely unexplored. We have previously demonstrated flexure testing as a sensitive and critical test for BHV tissue mechanical property evaluation [2]. The following study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using this technique to provide fundamental information required for optimizing TEHV scaffold designs.

Rough Sets-Based Identification of Heart Valve Diseases Using Heart Sounds

2012 ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Salama ◽  
Aboul Ella Hassanien ◽  
Jan Platos ◽  
Aly A. Fahmy ◽  
Vaclav Snasel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Rough Sets ◽  
Heart Sounds ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Valve Diseases

Abstract 319: Tnf-α and Il-1β Decrease Myofibroblast Differentiation in 3d-cultured Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadeus Zhu ◽  
Jane Grande-Allen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Valve Interstitial Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Valve Diseases

Background: Fibrosis contributes to many heart valve diseases such as calcific aortic valve disease, rheumatic heart disease, and secondary mitral regurgitation. Heart valve leaflets are populated by quiescent, fibroblast-like valve interstitial cells (VICs). During fibrosis, VICs differentiate into activated, myofibroblast-like cells that adversely remodel the extracellular matrix. Activated VICs overexpress α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2/αSMA) and smooth muscle 22-α (TAGLN/SM22α) and display increased contractility. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) have been reported to either promote or inhibit fibrosis, depending on tissue type. Understanding how TNF-α and IL-1β affect VIC activation in the mitral valve of the heart could enable development of pharmaceutical treatments for heart valve diseases, which are currently managed surgically. Methods: To avoid artifactual activation on tissue culture plastic, VICs were encapsulated in biomimetic scaffolds consisting of polyethylene glycol (4% w/v) functionalized with protease-degradable (GGGPQGIWGQGK) and integrin-binding (RGDS) peptides. These 3D cultures were treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-α, 10 ng/ml IL-1β, or vehicle for 2 days in low-serum (1%) media. RNA and protein were measured via qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunostaining. To measure contractility, VICs were encapsulated in collagen I (2.5 mg/ml) gels and allowed to contract freely for 2 days. Results: TNF-α and IL-1β significantly decreased RNA expression of ACTA2 (TNF-α: -91±6%, IL-1β: -99±1% change vs. vehicle) and TAGLN (TNF-α: -77±9%, IL-1β: -93±1% change). TNF-α and IL-1β also significantly decreased αSMA protein expression (TNF-α: -76±11%, IL-1β: -91±5% change) and the percentage of αSMA-positive cells (vehicle: 21±3%, TNF-α: 13±2%, IL-1β: 13±5% positive). Finally, TNF-α and IL-1β attenuated VIC-mediated collagen gel contraction (vehicle: 81±7%, TNF-α: 71±3%, IL-1β: 61±4% contraction). Conclusions: TNF-α and IL-1β decrease VIC activation in a 3D culture model of the mitral valve. These results reveal novel pathway targets for reducing fibrosis during mitral valve disease. Future work will use this model to study the downstream signaling events that drive VIC de-activation.

Simulations of Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Dynamics Using a Sharp Interface Method

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Vigmostad ◽  
Brian D. Jeffrey ◽  
Sreedevi Krishnan ◽  
H. S. Udaykumar ◽  
K. B. Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Animal Tissue ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valve ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Sharp Interface Method ◽  
Valve Dynamics ◽  
Heart Valve Dynamics

Bioprosthetic heart valves are valve replacements constructed from animal tissue. They are deformable and offer similar mechanical properties to their native counterpart. While tearing of these valves is frequently observed, it is still not fully understood, but may be the result of high induced bending and shear stresses in the valve leaflets[1].

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