Mapping the Distribution of Double Bond Location Isomers in Lipids across Mouse Tissues

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlin Ren ◽  
Alexander Triebl ◽  
Markus Wenk ◽  
Yu Xia ◽  
Federico Torta
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Mouse Tissues

Lipids are highly diverse and essential biomolecules in all living systems. As lipid homeostasis is often perturbed in metabolic diseases, these molecules can serve as both biomarkers and drug targets....

scholarly journals The relevance of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in metabolic functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabell Kaczmarek ◽  
Tomáš Suchý ◽  
Simone Prömel ◽  
Torsten Schöneberg ◽  
Ines Liebscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate a variety of physiological functions and have been proven to be outstanding drug targets. However, approximately one-third of all non-olfactory GPCRs are still orphans in respect to their signal transduction and physiological functions. Receptors of the class of Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) are among these orphan receptors. They are characterized by unique features in their structure and tissue-specific expression, which yields them interesting candidates for deorphanization and testing as potential therapeutic targets. Capable of G-protein coupling and non-G protein-mediated function, aGPCRs may extend our repertoire of influencing physiological function. Besides their described significance in the immune and central nervous systems, growing evidence indicates a high importance of these receptors in metabolic tissue. RNAseq analyses revealed high expression of several aGPCRs in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, liver, and intestine but also in neurons governing food intake. In this review, we focus on aGPCRs and their function in regulating metabolic pathways. Based on current knowledge, this receptor class represents high potential for future pharmacological approaches addressing obesity and other metabolic diseases.

INSIDE INDUSTRY

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (07) ◽  
pp. 52-66
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Thought Leader ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Sanford-Burnham and Daiichi Sankyo form alliance to study novel drug targets in cardiovascular metabolic diseases. Sigma-Aldrich® to launch Austrianova's Cell-in-a-Box® Kit for research use. ASLAN Pharmaceuticals signs agreement with CSL to develop novel therapy for asthma. Self-assembling peptides for bone regeneration and drug delivery. Verisante Technology, Inc. receives the 2014 North American Technology Innovation Leadership of the Year Award from Frost & Sullivan. Agilent Technologies partners Women in Science, Engineering and Technology in Korea. Mundipharma and Genewel sign agreement across key global markets for licensing and promotion of Medifoam®. Janssen collaborates with ViiV Healthcare to develop two-drug single tablet regimen for the maintenance treatment of people living with HIV. AbbVie opens expanded manufacturing facility in Sligo, Ireland. AMRI to Acquire Oso Biopharmaceuticals Manufacturing. Merck to collaborate with Sysmex Inostics on a blood-based RAS biomarker test. Igenbio establishes direct presence in Japan. Mesoblast accelerates plans for commercial manufacturing operations in Singapore. Celerion and Korean Drug Development Fund form collaboration to strengthen early phase clinical research in South Korea. Dr. Carolyn Mountford, University of Newcastle, Australia receives Agilent Technologies Thought Leader Award. PHARM Connect – The business summit covering a full industry. New topics for the Next Generation Sequencing & Single Cell Genomics Asia Congress confirmed. Registration opened for Oxford Global's 6th Annual Next Generation Sequencing Congress. Registration opened for Oxford Global's 4th Annual Next Generation Sequencing Asia Congress.

Rapid discovery of drug target engagement by isothermal shift assay

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofor J. Webb ◽  
Kerri A. Ball ◽  
Stephen J. Coleman ◽  
Jeremy Jacobsen ◽  
Michael H.B. Stowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Target Engagement ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
Drug Molecules

Identifying protein targets directly bound by drug molecules within living systems remains challenging. Here we present the isothermal shift assay, iTSA, for rapid identification of drug targets. Compared with thermal proteome profiling, a prevailing method for target engagement, iTSA offers a simplified workflow, 4-fold higher throughput, and multiplexed experimental designs with higher replication. We demonstrate application of iTSA to identify targets for several kinase inhibitors in lysates and living cells.

Scaffold Proteins and their Roles in Human Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Somsubhro Mukherjee ◽  
Boon Chuan Low
Keyword(s):  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Scaffold Proteins ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways

Scaffold proteins are critical regulators of important cell signaling pathways. Though scaffolds are not stringently defined in meaning, they are known to interact with numerous components of a signaling pathway, binding and bridging them into distinct and functional complexes. They control signal transduction and assist the localization of pathway components (organized in complexes) to definite regions of the cell such as the endosomes, plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi, and the nucleus. Years of research in this field have revealed the versatility of this class of protein and the important role it plays in maintaining the normal functions of the human body. Here, we discuss the role of several scaffold proteins which are implicated in important signaling pathways that play important roles in cardiac diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer. Their versatility and functions in human diseases make them attractive drug targets, several of which have been investigated in clinical trials. Future studies of scaffold proteins should give us an in-depth knowledge of how cell signaling works in normal and pathological conditions and would offer avenues to disrupt harmful cellular pathways to circumvent diseases.

scholarly journals The Role of Bioactive Peptides in Diabetes and Obesity

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2220
Author(s):  
Ramachandran Chelliah ◽  
Shuai Wei ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Fazle Elahi ◽  
Su-Jung Yeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Protein Fragments ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Syndromes

Bioactive peptides are present in most soy products and eggs and have essential protective functions. Infection is a core feature of innate immunity that affects blood pressure and the glucose level, and ageing can be delayed by killing senescent cells. Food also encrypts bioactive peptides and protein sequences produced through proteolysis or food processing. Unique food protein fragments can improve human health and avoid metabolic diseases, inflammation, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. This review focuses on drug targets and fundamental mechanisms of bioactive peptides on metabolic syndromes, namely obesity and type 2 diabetes, to provide new ideas and knowledge on the ability of bioactive peptide to control metabolic syndromes.

scholarly journals Taenia solium microRNAs: Potential Biomarkers and Drug Targets in Neurocysticercosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Gastón Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) found in animals, plants, and some viruses belongs to the heterogeneous class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which posttranscriptional regulates gene expression. They are linked to various cellular activities such as cell growth, differentiation, development and apoptosis. Also, they have been involved in cancer, metabolic diseases, viral infections and clinical trials targeting miRNAs has shown promising results. This chapter provides an overview on Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps miRNAs, their possible biological functions, their role in host–parasite communication and their potential role as biomarkers and drug targets.

scholarly journals A biomimetic approach to some specifically functionalized cyclic terpenoids.

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veaceslav Kulciţki
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Alpha Omega ◽  
Biomimetic Approach

The paper relates on the current advancements in the synthesis of complex cyclic terpenoids by superacidic induced cyclization of open chain precursors. It is shown that functional groups disposal in the initial substrate strongly influences the reaction outcome. Possible variations of the investigated compound structures include particularly alpha-functionalization and alpha,omega-bifunctionalization. This approach allowed a selective initiation of cyclization sequence from an internal double bond or suspending the ring closure cascade to partially cyclized compounds. The reported synthetic schemes are attempts to mimic the biogenetical processes postulated in the living systems.

scholarly journals The SLC transporter in nutrient and metabolic sensing, regulation, and drug development

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
Kun Sun ◽  
Ziyi Meng ◽  
Ligong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Slc Transporters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Slc Transporter

Abstract The prevalence of metabolic diseases is growing worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that solute carrier (SLC) transporters contribute to the etiology of various metabolic diseases. Consistent with metabolic characteristics, the top five organs in which SLC transporters are highly expressed are the kidney, brain, liver, gut, and heart. We aim to understand the molecular mechanisms of important SLC transporter-mediated physiological processes and their potentials as drug targets. SLC transporters serve as ‘metabolic gate’ of cells and mediate the transport of a wide range of essential nutrients and metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins, neurotransmitters, and inorganic/metal ions. Gene-modified animal models have demonstrated that SLC transporters participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, tissue development, oxidative stress, host defense, and neurological regulation. Furthermore, the human genomic studies have identified that SLC transporters are susceptible or causative genes in various diseases like cancer, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, immunological disorders, and neurological dysfunction. Importantly, a number of SLC transporters have been successfully targeted for drug developments. This review will focus on the current understanding of SLCs in regulating physiology, nutrient sensing and uptake, and risk of diseases.

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