Synergy effect of electronic characteristics and spatial configurations of electron donors on photovoltaic performance of organic dyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (41) ◽  
pp. 14453-14461
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Wang ◽  
Siwei Liu ◽  
Kai Chang ◽  
Qiuyan Liao ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Synergy Effect ◽  
Electron Property ◽  
Spatial Configurations

The dual electron donors with the combination of electron property and spatial configuration were incorporated to improve the photovoltaic performance of organic dyes.

Tetraphenylethylene-bridged double-branched sensitizers featuring hetero-donors for dye-sensitized solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 12909-12915
Author(s):  
Yi-Qiao Yan ◽  
Yi-Zhou Zhu ◽  
Pan-Pan Dai ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Mao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Effects of hetero-donors on the photovoltaic performance of tetraphenylethylene-based organic dyes were systematically investigated.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Kojic Acid-Azo Dyes on TiO2 Thin Films for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolynne Zie Wei Sie ◽  
Zainab Ngaini
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Sensitization of heavy metal free organic dyes onto TiO2 thin films has gained much attention in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). A series of new kojic acid based organic dyes KA1–4 were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution of azobenzene bearing different vinyl chains A1–4 with kojyl chloride 4. Azo dyes KA1–4 were characterized for photophysical properties employing absorption spectrometry and photovoltaic characteristic in TiO2 thin film. The presence of vinyl chain in A1–4 improved the photovoltaic performance from 0.20 to 0.60%. The introduction of kojic acid obtained from sago waste further increases the efficiency to 0.82–1.54%. Based on photovoltaic performance, KA4 achieved the highest solar to electrical energy conversion efficiency (η = 1.54%) in the series.

Discreteness of Space and Its Consequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
Аnatoly М. Shutyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Quantum Uncertainty ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Component Particle

Based on the general principle of the unity of the nature of interacting entities and the principle of the relativity of motion, as well as following the requirement of an indissoluble and conditioning connection of space and time, the model of a discrete space-time consisting of identical interacting particles is proposed as the most acceptable one. We consider the consequences of the discreteness of space, such as: the occurrence of time quanta, the limiting speed of signal propa­gation, and the constancy of this speed, regardless of the motion of the reference frame. Regularly performed acts of particles of space-time (PST) interaction en­sure the connectivity of space, set the quantum of time and the maximum speed – the speed of light. In the process of PST communication, their mixing occurs, which ensures the relativity of inertial motion, and can also underlie quantum uncertainty. In this case, elementary particles are spatial configurations of an excited “lattice” of PST, and particles with mass must contain loop struc­tures in their configuration. A new interpretation of quantum mechanics is pro­posed, according to which the wave function determines the probability of de­struction of a spatial configuration (representing a quantum object) in its corresponding region, which leads to the contraction of the entire structure to a given, detectable component. Particle entanglement is explained by the appear­ance of additional links between the PST – the appearance of a local coordinate along which the distance between entangled objects does not increase. It is shown that the movement of a body should lead to an asymmetry of the tension of the bonds between the PST – to the asymmetry of its effective gravity, the es­tablishment of which is one of the possibilities for experimental verification of the proposed model. It is shown that the constancy of the speed of light in a vac­uum and the appearance of relativistic effects are based on ensuring the connec­tivity of space-time, i.e. striving to prevent its rupture.

Systematic spatial patterns of the sense of familiarity: Hierarchical modelling based on eye-tracking experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 832-846
Author(s):  
Kiyofumi Miyoshi ◽  
Hiroshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Lower Visual Field ◽  
Referential Process ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Spatial Configurations

Using different types of stimuli, such as pictures, horizontally written Japanese words, and vertically written Japanese words, this study investigated the spatial patterns of the sense of familiarity within the visual field. The perceptual asymmetry theory predicted that stimuli in the lower visual field would be processed more fluently and would therefore be perceived as more familiar. The working memory theory, originally proposed in space–number research, envisaged type-specific spatial patterns for different stimuli. Participants made old/new recognition memory judgements for stimuli, presented at random positions, while their eye movements were recorded. The observed spatial patterns changed according to the stimulus type (e.g., “more left = older” for horizontally written words and “upper = older” for vertically written words), and this flexibility is encapsulated by the working memory theory as follows: (a) stimulus-type-specific spatial configurations are encoded in long-term memory on the basis of one’s experience (e.g., vertically written words are empirically associated with the “upper = older” spatial configuration), (b) the presentation of a stimulus automatically cues the temporal activation of the associated spatial configuration in working memory, and (c) the referential process between the stimulus and configuration unconsciously affects the viewer’s sense of familiarity.

scholarly journals The forest or the trees: preference for global over local image processing is reversed by prior experience in honeybees

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1799) ◽  
pp. 20142384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Avarguès-Weber ◽  
Adrian G. Dyer ◽  
Noha Ferrah ◽  
Martin Giurfa
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Insect Vision ◽  
Hierarchical Stimuli ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Holistic Perception ◽  
Local Cues

Traditional models of insect vision have assumed that insects are only capable of low-level analysis of local cues and are incapable of global, holistic perception. However, recent studies on honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) vision have refuted this view by showing that this insect also processes complex visual information by using spatial configurations or relational rules. In the light of these findings, we asked whether bees prioritize global configurations or local cues by setting these two levels of image analysis in competition. We trained individual free-flying honeybees to discriminate hierarchical visual stimuli within a Y-maze and tested bees with novel stimuli in which local and/or global cues were manipulated. We demonstrate that even when local information is accessible, bees prefer global information, thus relying mainly on the object's spatial configuration rather than on elemental, local information. This preference can be reversed if bees are pre-trained to discriminate isolated local cues. In this case, bees prefer the hierarchical stimuli with the local elements previously primed even if they build an incorrect global configuration. Pre-training with local cues induces a generic attentional bias towards any local elements as local information is prioritized in the test, even if the local cues used in the test are different from the pre-trained ones. Our results thus underline the plasticity of visual processing in insects and provide new insights for the comparative analysis of visual recognition in humans and animals.

Impact of π-conjugation configurations on the photovoltaic performance of the quinoxaline-based organic dyes

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Wei Ma ◽  
Zu-Sheng Huang ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Herbert Meier ◽  
Derong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance

Information Technology for the Coordinated Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Teams Based on the Scenario-Case Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-248
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sherstjuk ◽  
Maryna Zharikova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Dynamic Scenario ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Coordination Patterns

The authors present a dynamic scenario-case approach to coordinated control of heterogeneous ensembles of unmanned aerial vehicles, which use coordination patterns of activity in similar situations described as spatial configurations affected by observed events. The method of obtaining deviations for approximate spatial configurations, which allows obtaining elements of the safe vehicle's trajectories. The method of qualitative safety assessment is presented. It uses a soft level topology to obtaining blurred boundaries of dynamic safety domains using fuzzy soft level sets and allows finding suitable compensations of vehicles' activity scenarios that can both keep the spatial configuration and satisfy all safety restrictions. The authors demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces the computational complexity of problem solving and provides the acceptable performance.

Information Technology for the Coordinated Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Teams Based on the Scenario-Case Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1133-1161
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sherstjuk ◽  
Maryna Zharikova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Dynamic Scenario ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Coordination Patterns

The authors present a dynamic scenario-case approach to coordinated control of heterogeneous ensembles of unmanned aerial vehicles, which use coordination patterns of activity in similar situations described as spatial configurations affected by observed events. The method of obtaining deviations for approximate spatial configurations, which allows obtaining elements of the safe vehicle's trajectories. The method of qualitative safety assessment is presented. It uses a soft level topology to obtaining blurred boundaries of dynamic safety domains using fuzzy soft level sets and allows finding suitable compensations of vehicles' activity scenarios that can both keep the spatial configuration and satisfy all safety restrictions. The authors demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces the computational complexity of problem solving and provides the acceptable performance.

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