Recent advances in enzymeless-based electrochemical sensors to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Song ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Jieling Qin ◽  
Xiaoying Tang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Recent Advances

The use of sensitive electrochemical sensors to detect biomarkers is an effective method for the early diagnosis of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease,...

Neurodegenerative diseases and Flavonoids: Special reference to kaempferol

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul ◽  
Yasir Hasan Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Beneficial Effects

: Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic stroke have become a major health problem worldwide. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases and suggesting them to be used as therapeutic agents. Kaempferol is found in many plants such as tea, beans, broccoli,strawberriesand has neuroprotective effects against the development of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. The present study summarizesthe neuroprotective effects of kaempferol in various models of neurodegenerative diseases. Kaempferol delays the initiation as well as the progression of neurodegenerative disorders by acting as a scavenger of free radicals and preserving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes. Kaempferolcan crossthe blood-brain barrier (BBB), and therefore results inan enhanced protective effect. The multi-target property of kaempferol makes it a potential dietary supplement in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Huntington’s Disease: A Mini Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmugam Manoharan ◽  
Gilles J. Guillemin ◽  
Rajagopal Selladurai Abiramasundari ◽  
Musthafa Mohamed Essa ◽  
Mohammed Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease

Neurodegenerative diseases affect not only the life quality of aging populations, but also their life spans. All forms of neurodegenerative diseases have a massive impact on the elderly. The major threat of these brain diseases includes progressive loss of memory, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impairments in the movement, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the inability to walk, talk, and think, Huntington’s disease (HD). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are highlighted as a central feature of brain degenerative diseases. Oxidative stress, a condition that occurs due to imbalance in oxidant and antioxidant status, has been known to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases including AD, PD, and HD. A large number of studies have utilized oxidative stress biomarkers to investigate the severity of these neurodegenerative diseases and medications are available, but these only treat the symptoms. In traditional medicine, a large number of medicinal plants have been used to treat the symptoms of these neurodegenerative diseases. Extensive studies scientifically validated the beneficial effect of natural products against neurodegenerative diseases using suitable animal models. This short review focuses the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD, PD, and HD and the protective efficacy of natural products against these diseases.

scholarly journals The Role of Salivary Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Patrycja Pawlik ◽  
Katarzyna Błochowiak
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers

Many neurodegenerative diseases present with progressive neuronal degeneration, which can lead to cognitive and motor impairment. Early screening and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are necessary to begin treatment before the onset of clinical symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. Biomarkers have shown great potential as a diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis of many diseases, including AD and PD. However, screening for these biomarkers usually includes invasive, complex and expensive methods such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling through a lumbar puncture. Researchers are continuously seeking to find a simpler and more reliable diagnostic tool that would be less invasive than CSF sampling. Saliva has been studied as a potential biological fluid that could be used in the diagnosis and early screening of neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to provide an insight into the current literature concerning salivary biomarkers used in the diagnosis of AD and PD. The most commonly studied salivary biomarkers in AD are β-amyloid1-42/1-40 and TAU protein, as well as α-synuclein and protein deglycase (DJ-1) in PD. Studies continue to be conducted on this subject and researchers are attempting to find correlations between specific biomarkers and early clinical symptoms, which could be key in creating new treatments for patients before the onset of symptoms.

scholarly journals Common Factors in Neurodegeneration: A Meta-Study revealing Shared Patterns on a Multi-Omics Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ruffini ◽  
Susanne Klingenberg ◽  
Susann Schweiger ◽  
Susanne Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Proteomic Data ◽  
Go Terms ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis are heterogeneous, progressive diseases with frequently overlapping symptoms characterized by a loss of neurons. Studies suggested relations between neurodegenerative diseases for many years, e.g., regarding the aggregation of toxic proteins or triggering endogenous cell death pathways. Within this study, publicly available genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data were gathered from 188 studies and more than one million patients to detect shared genetic patterns between the neurodegenerative diseases and the analyzed omics-layers within conditions. The results show a remarkably high number of shared genes between the transcriptomic and proteomic levels for all diseases while showing a significant relation between genomic and proteomic data only in some cases. A set of 139 genes was found to be differentially expressed in several transcriptomic experiments of all four diseases. These 139 genes showed overrepresented GO-Terms and pathways mainly involved in stress response, cell development, cell adhesion, and the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the overlap of two and three omics-layers per disease were used to search for overrepresented pathways and GO-Terms. Taken together, we could confirm the existence of many relations between Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis on the transcriptomic and proteomic level by analyzing the pathways and GO-Terms arising in these intersections. The significance of the connection between the transcriptomic and proteomic data for all four analyzed neurodegenerative diseases showed that exploring these omics-layers simultaneously holds new insights that do not emerge from analyzing these omics-layers separately. Our data therefore suggests addressing human patients with neurodegenerative diseases as complex biological systems by integrating multiple underlying data sources.

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