A biodegradable block polyurethane nerve-guidance scaffold enhancing rapid vascularization and promoting reconstruction of transected sciatic nerve in Sprague-Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (48) ◽  
pp. 11063-11073
Author(s):  
Yuqing Niu ◽  
Massimiliano Galluzzi
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Schematic of nerve guidance scaffold for reconstruction of peripheral nerve defects in Sprague-Dawley rats.

scholarly journals Neuroma Prevention and Implantation Effects of NEUROCAP in Rat Sciatic Nerve Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. e1-e10
Author(s):  
Steven L. Peterson ◽  
Harm de Vries ◽  
Kami Collins ◽  
Hilde Geraedts ◽  
Michael J. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Nerve Model ◽  
Neuroma Formation

Abstract Introduction Symptomatic neuroma with neuropathic pain can develop following peripheral nerve injury. Current interventions for symptomatic neuroma have unpredictable results. NEUROCAP (Polyganics, Groningen, The Netherlands) is a bioresorbable nerve capping device intended to protect a peripheral nerve end and separate the nerve from the surrounding environment, to prevent the recurrence of a symptomatic neuroma. Materials and Methods This study aims to assess the implantation effects of the NEUROCAP device in a rat sciatic nerve model during 12 months (±2 days). Forty-one adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. They were randomly divided into a capping or test group, or a noncapping or control group for different time points of survival (12 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months). The objective of this study was evaluated regarding procedural data, adverse events, clinical observations, and histopathology. Results The overall general health of the animals was adequate throughout the study, with the exception of autotomy during the first 4 months of survival. Eight animals were euthanized early due to autotomy, excluded from the study and seven of them have been replaced. Autotomy was an expected outcome and a known limitation of the animal model, particularly as this was a full sciatic nerve transection model. Neuroma formation was observed in the control group while there was no neuroma formation present in the test group. The control group showed increased nerve outgrowth and more chaotic fascicles in comparison with the test group. The test group also had a higher percentage of myelinated fibers compared to the control group. These results indicate a preventive mode of action of the NEUROCAP with regard to neuroma formation after nerve transection in a rat sciatic nerve model. Conclusion The results indicate that NEUROCAP is safe and effective in preventing the recurrence of neuroma formation and inhibiting nerve outgrowth.

Facilitated migration of cells from a transected peripheral nerve over collagen fibers: in vivo observations

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 888-889
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Wasserman ◽  
Azam Rizvi ◽  
George Zazanis ◽  
Frederick H. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Guide Tube ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Silicone Tube ◽  
Thin Sections

In cases of peripheral nerve damage the gap between proximal and distal stumps can be closed by suturing the ends together, using a nerve graft, or by nerve tubulization. Suturing allows regeneration but does not prevent formation of painful neuromas which adhere to adjacent tissues. Autografts are not reported to be as good as tubulization and require a second surgical site with additional risks and complications. Tubulization involves implanting a nerve guide tube that will provide a stable environment for axon proliferation while simultaneously preventing formation of fibrous scar tissue. Supplementing tubes with a collagen gel or collagen plus extracellular matrix factors is reported to increase axon proliferation when compared to controls. But there is no information regarding the use of collagen fibers to guide nerve cell migration through a tube. This communication reports ultrastructural observations on rat sciatic nerve regeneration through a silicone nerve stent containing crosslinked collagen fibers.Collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. The fibers were threaded through a silicone tube to form a central plug. One cm segments of sciatic nerve were excised from Sprague Dawley rats. A control group of rats received a silicone tube implant without collagen while an experimental group received the silicone tube containing a collagen fiber plug. At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively, the implants were removed and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde buffered by 0.1 M cacodylate containing 1.5 mM CaCl2 and balanced by 0.1 M sucrose. The explants were post-fixed in 1% OSO4, block stained in 1% uranyl acetate, dehydrated and embedded in Epon. Axons were counted on montages prepared at a total magnification of 1700x. Montages were viewed through a dissecting microscope. Thin sections were sampled from the proximal, middle and distal regions of regenerating sciatic plugs.

scholarly journals A new model of chronic peripheral nerve compression for basic research and pharmaceutical drug testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Degrugillier ◽  
Katharina M Prautsch ◽  
Dirk J Schaefer ◽  
Raphael Guzman ◽  
Stefan Schären ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Nerve Compression ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Motor Outcomes

Aim: To develop a consistent model to standardize research in the field of chronic peripheral nerve neuropathy. Methods: The left sciatic nerve of 8-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats was compressed using a customized instrument leaving a defined post injury nerve lumen (400 μm, 250 μm, 100 μm, 0 μm) for 6 weeks. Sensory and motor outcomes were measured weekly, and histomorphology and electrophysiology after 6 weeks. Results: The findings demonstrated compression depth-dependent sensory and motor pathologies. Quantitative measurements revealed a significant myelin degeneration, axon irregularities and muscle atrophy. At the functional level, we highlighted the dynamics of the different injury profiles. Conclusion: Our novel model of chronic peripheral nerve compression is a useful tool for research on pathophysiology and new therapeutic approaches.

Comparison of the Potency of Lidocaine and Chloroprocaine in Sciatic Nerve Block in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Yung ◽  
Joel M. Yarmush ◽  
Jonathan Weinberg ◽  
Joseph J. SchianodiCola ◽  
Sidhartha D. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Block ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Side-to-Side Nerve Grafts Sustain Chronically Denervated Peripheral Nerve Pathways During Axon Regeneration and Result in Improved Functional Reinnervation

Neurosurgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1654-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Ladak ◽  
Paul Schembri ◽  
Jaret Olson ◽  
Esther Udina ◽  
Neil Tyreman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nerve Stump ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Distal Nerve ◽  
And Control

Abstract BACKGROUND: Progressive atrophy of Schwann cells in denervated nerve stumps is a major reason for progressive failure of functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury and surgical repair. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether side-to-side nerve bridges between an intact donor nerve and a recipient denervated distal nerve stump promote nerve growth and in turn, protect distal nerve stumps to improve axon regeneration after delayed surgical repair. METHODS: In Sprague-Dawley rats, 1 or 3 side-to-side common peroneal (CP) nerve bridges were used to bridge between the donor intact tibial (TIB) nerve and a recipient denervated CP distal nerve stump in the contralateral hind limb. No bridges were placed in control animals. After 4 months, either a fluorescent retrograde dye was applied to back-label TIB motoneurons with axons that had grown into the CP nerve stump or the proximal and distal CP nerve stumps were resutured in experimental and control animals to encourage CP nerve regeneration for 5 months. Retrograde dyes were again applied to count CP motoneurons that regenerated their axons through protected and unprotected nerve stumps. RESULTS: Significantly more donor TIB motoneurons regenerated axons into the recipient denervated CP nerve stump through 3 side-to-side CP nerve bridges compared with 1 bridge. This TIB nerve protection significantly increased the number of CP motoneurons regenerating axons through the denervated CP nerve stumps, the number of regenerated axons, and the weight of the reinnervated muscles. CONCLUSION: Multiple side-to-side nerve bridges protect chronically denervated nerve stumps to improve axon regeneration and target reinnervation after delayed nerve repair.

scholarly journals Covering the proximal nerve stump with chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans prevents traumatic painful neuroma formation by blocking axon regeneration after neurotomy in Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fu-Lin He ◽  
Shuai Qiu ◽  
Jian-Long Zou ◽  
Fan-Bin Gu ◽  
Zhi Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nerve Stump ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Neuroma Formation

OBJECTIVENeuropathic pain caused by traumatic neuromas is an extremely intractable clinical problem. Disorderly scar tissue accumulation and irregular and immature axon regeneration around the injury site mainly contribute to traumatic painful neuroma formation. Therefore, successfully preventing traumatic painful neuroma formation requires the effective inhibition of irregular axon regeneration and disorderly accumulation of scar tissue. Considering that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) can act on the growth cone and effectively inhibit axon regeneration, the authors designed and manufactured a CSPG-gelatin blocker to regulate the CSPGs’ spatial distribution artificially and applied it in a rat model after sciatic nerve neurectomy to evaluate its effects in preventing traumatic painful neuroma formation.METHODSSixty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (positive group: no covering; blank group: covering with gelatin blocker; and CSPG group: covering with the CSPG-gelatin blocker). Pain-related factors were evaluated 2 and 8 weeks postoperatively (n = 30). Neuroma growth, autotomy behavior, and histological features of the neuromas were assessed 8 weeks postoperatively (n = 30).RESULTSEight weeks postoperatively, typical bulb-shaped neuromas did not form in the CSPG group, and autotomy behavior was obviously better in the CSPG group (p < 0.01) than in the other two groups. Also, in the CSPG group the regenerated axons showed a lower density and more regular and improved myelination (p < 0.01). Additionally, the distribution and density of collagenous fibers and the expression of α–smooth muscle actin were significantly lower in the CSPG group than in the positive group (p < 0.01). Regarding pain-related factors, c-fos, substance P, interleukin (IL)–17, and IL-1β levels were significantly lower in the CSPG group than those in the positive and blank groups 2 weeks postoperatively (p < 0.05), while substance P and IL-17 remained lower in the CSPG group 8 weeks postoperatively (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe authors found that CSPGs loaded in a gelatin blocker can prevent traumatic neuroma formation and effectively relieve pain symptoms after sciatic nerve neurotomy by blocking irregular axon regeneration and disorderly collagenous fiber accumulation in the proximal nerve stump. These results indicate that covering the proximal nerve stump with CSPGs may be a new and promising strategy to prevent traumatic painful neuroma formation in the clinical setting.

Concurrent increases in regional hematocrit and blood flow in diabetic rats: prevention by sorbinil

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. H945-H950 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Sutera ◽  
K. Chang ◽  
J. Marvel ◽  
J. R. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

These studies were undertaken to investigate the relationship between regional hemodynamic and hemorheological changes in the microvasculature of diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body wt). Control rats were injected with vehicle (sodium citrate buffer). A subgroup of diabetic rats was treated with an aldose reductase inhibitor (sorbinil) added to the diet in an amount to provide a daily dose of approximately 0.2 mmol.kg-1.day-1. Three weeks later all animals were anesthetized with thiobutabarbital sodium (Inactin, 100 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally) for assessment of blood flow (by injection of 15 microns microspheres) and regional hematocrit (determined by isotope-dilution techniques using 51Cr-labeled red blood cells and 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin) in selected tissues. The hematocrit in arterial blood samples was identical (approximately 46%) in controls and in diabetics. Regional hematocrits were much lower than arterial hematocrits in control rats and ranged from approximately 20% in ocular tissues, sciatic nerve, diaphragm, and skin to approximately 30% in brain, skeletal muscle, heart, and fat. Hematocrits of diabetic rats were markedly increased in ocular tissues, sciatic nerve, and skin but not in brain, heart, or skeletal muscle. These increases in regional hematocrit were associated with increases in blood flow and were largely prevented by sorbinil. Diabetes induced significant decreases in the mean transit times for whole blood and erythrocytes in all tissues examined except brain, retina, and skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Neuroprotective potential of erythropoietin and darbepoetin alfa in an experimental model of sciatic nerve injury

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Grasso ◽  
Francesco Meli ◽  
Vincenzo Fodale ◽  
Gioacchino Calapai ◽  
Michele Buemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Darbepoetin Alfa ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Injury ◽  
Crush Injury ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Compound Muscle Action Potentials

Object The objectives of this study were to examine whether the systemic administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its long-lasting derivative darbepoetin alfa expedited functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury, and to compare the effects of these agents in the model. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats received a crush injury to the left sciatic nerve and subsequently underwent either placebo treatment, daily injections of rHuEPO, or weekly injections of darbepoetin alfa. Results Both rHuEPO and darbepoetin alfa were effective in reducing neurological impairment and improving compound muscle action potentials following nerve injury. Darbepoetin alfa, however, shortened the duration of peripheral nerve recovery and facilitated recovery from the neurological and electrophysiological impairment following crush injury significantly better than rHuEPO. Examination of the footprint length factor data revealed that darbepoetin alfa–treated animals recovered preinjury function by postoperative Day 10, 4 days earlier than animals treated with rHuEPO and 11 days earlier than animals treated with placebo. Conclusions These results suggest that recovery of neurological function in a model of peripheral nerve injury is more rapid with weekly administration of darbepoetin alfa than with daily rHuEPO treatment. Agents that facilitate nerve regeneration have the potential to limit the extent of motor endplate loss and muscle atrophy. The administration of EPO in its long-lasting recombinant forms affords significant neuroprotection in peripheral nerve injury models and may hold promise for future clinical applications.

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