Advances in local and systemic drug delivery systems for post-surgical cancer treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 8507-8518
Author(s):  
Md Aquib ◽  
Ajkia Zaman Juthi ◽  
Muhammad Asim Farooq ◽  
Manasik Gumah Ali ◽  
Alhamzah Hasan Waheed Janabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Systemic Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Drug

Graphical representation of local and systemic drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Local Post-Surgical Drug Delivery

Gels ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esfandyar Askari ◽  
Amir Seyfoori ◽  
Meitham Amereh ◽  
Sadaf Samimi Gharaie ◽  
Hanieh Sadat Ghazali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Systemic Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Drug

Currently, surgical operations, followed by systemic drug delivery, are the prevailing treatment modality for most diseases, including cancers and trauma-based injuries. Although effective to some extent, the side effects of surgery include inflammation, pain, a lower rate of tissue regeneration, disease recurrence, and the non-specific toxicity of chemotherapies, which remain significant clinical challenges. The localized delivery of therapeutics has recently emerged as an alternative to systemic therapy, which not only allows the delivery of higher doses of therapeutic agents to the surgical site, but also enables overcoming post-surgical complications, such as infections, inflammations, and pain. Due to the limitations of the current drug delivery systems, and an increasing clinical need for disease-specific drug release systems, hydrogels have attracted considerable interest, due to their unique properties, including a high capacity for drug loading, as well as a sustained release profile. Hydrogels can be used as local drug performance carriers as a means for diminishing the side effects of current systemic drug delivery methods and are suitable for the majority of surgery-based injuries. This work summarizes recent advances in hydrogel-based drug delivery systems (DDSs), including formulations such as implantable, injectable, and sprayable hydrogels, with a particular emphasis on stimuli-responsive materials. Moreover, clinical applications and future opportunities for this type of post-surgery treatment are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Titanium Implants and Local Drug Delivery Systems Become Mutual Promoters in Orthopedic Clinics

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Yun Gao ◽  
Duoyi Zhao ◽  
Weilin Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Drug

Titanium implants have always been regarded as one of the gold standard treatments for orthopedic applications, but they still face challenges such as pain, bacterial infections, insufficient osseointegration, immune rejection, and difficulty in personalizing treatment in the clinic. These challenges may lead to the patients having to undergo a painful second operation, along with increased economic burden, but the use of drugs is actively solving these problems. The use of systemic drug delivery systems through oral, intravenous, and intramuscular injection of various drugs with different pharmacological properties has effectively reduced the levels of inflammation, lowered the risk of endophytic bacterial infection, and regulated the progress of bone tumor cells, processing and regulating the balance of bone metabolism around the titanium implants. However, due to the limitations of systemic drug delivery systems—such as pharmacokinetics, and the characteristics of bone tissue in the event of different forms of trauma or disease—sometimes the expected effect cannot be achieved. Meanwhile, titanium implants loaded with drugs for local administration have gradually attracted the attention of many researchers. This article reviews the latest developments in local drug delivery systems in recent years, detailing how various types of drugs cooperate with titanium implants to enhance antibacterial, antitumor, and osseointegration effects. Additionally, we summarize the improved technology of titanium implants for drug loading and the control of drug release, along with molecular mechanisms of bone regeneration and vascularization. Finally, we lay out some future prospects in this field.

scholarly journals MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS CONTAINING POLYSACCHARIDES

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 889-902
Author(s):  
IRINA M. PELIN ◽  
DANA M. SUFLET
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Buccal Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Drug

The buccal mucosa is an attractive site for drug administration as it allows avoiding the enzymatic degradation of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract and its hepatic metabolism. For buccal administration, different drug delivery systems with controlled mucoadhesion have been developed and some of them are available on the market. Mucoadhesion makes it possible to obtain prolonged, local or systemic drug action, and this process is highly influenced by several factors, among which, the reactivity of macromolecules from the formulations is very important. Polysaccharides are increasingly studied due to their abundance in natural resources, low-cost availability and easy chemical modification, but also due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity properties. This review briefly describes the advantages of using the buccal route of drug administration, the influencing factors that are taken into account for obtaining mucoadhesive dosage forms, and the main polysaccharides and their derivatives used for fabrication of buccal drug delivery systems.

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