scholarly journals Directional clogging and phase separation for disk flow through periodic and diluted obstacle arrays

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Reichhardt ◽  
C. J. O. Reichhardt
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Obstacle Array ◽  
Flow Through

Disks flowing through a square obstacle array clog for incommensurate driving angles, forming either uniform or heterogeneous clogged states.

Porphyrin-embedded organosilicate materials for ammonia adsorption

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1252-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy J. Johnson ◽  
Gregory W. Peterson ◽  
Paulette Jones ◽  
Brian J. Melde ◽  
Jenna R. Taft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
Covalent Immobilization ◽  
Ammonia Adsorption ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Surfactant Templating ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Post Synthesis ◽  
Organosilicate Materials

This study describes the application of porphyrin-embedded porous organosilicate materials to the adsorption of ammonia gas. Organosilicate scaffolds were synthesized through a surfactant-templating process combined with a phase separation technique. The structure offers a macro-textured scaffold to facilitate flow through the sorbent material and provide enhanced access to the available surface area provided by a combination of micro- and mesopores distributed over a range of sizes. The materials were grafted post-synthesis to provide sites for covalent immobilization of porphyrins. These porphyrins were utilized for incorporation of metal sites into the organosilicate materials. The removal of ammonia was evaluated for a number of materials incorporating copper metalloporphyrins of varied structure at varied loading levels. Results have been compared to removal of ammonia by a carbon material. Copper deuteroporphyrin IX bis-ethylene glycol provided the strongest interactions with ammonia. High loading levels of this porphyrin within the sorbent structure showed increasing evidence of stacking and did not improve the performance of the material.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of two-phase separation in a horizontal T-junction with vertical branch arm

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 5922-5937
Author(s):  
Z. Q. Memon ◽  
W. Pao ◽  
F. Hashim ◽  
S. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mixture Flow ◽  
Flow Through

T-junctions are commonly used in offshore platforms and process industry. When two-phase flow passes through T-junction, separation of two-phases takes place. This separation of two-phase flow through T-junction produces high liquid carry-over in the branch arm, causing breakdown of downstream equipment. In this experimental study, phase separation data have been obtained for air-water mixture flow through dividing T-junction with a pipe diameter of 74 mm and the branch arm is positioned vertically upward. T-junctions with diameter ratios of 1, 0.67, 0.5, and 0.27 were tested in the slug flow regime. The superficial velocities of air (JG1) were varied 0.20 - 1.16 m/s and inlet water superficial velocities (JL1) were varied 0.40-0.53 m/s. The extraction ratio between branch arm and main arm (W3/W1) was varied between 0 to 1. It was observed that the phase separation efficiency of T-junction depends upon the diameter ratio, upstream superficial velocities of both phases - air and water. Finally, the experimental data have been compared against the predicted results obtained from the numerical correlations.

Development of apical pits in chloride cells of the gills of Pimephales promelas after chronic exposure to acid water

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
Richard L. Leino ◽  
Jon G. Anderson ◽  
J. Howard McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Untreated Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Flow Through

Groups of 12 fathead minnows were exposed for 129 days to Lake Superior water acidified (pH 5.0, 5.5, 6.0 or 6.5) with reagent grade H2SO4 by means of a multichannel toxicant system for flow-through bioassays. Untreated water (pH 7.5) had the following properties: hardness 45.3 ± 0.3 (95% confidence interval) mg/1 as CaCO3; alkalinity 42.6 ± 0.2 mg/1; Cl- 0.03 meq/1; Na+ 0.05 meq/1; K+ 0.01 meq/1; Ca2+ 0.68 meq/1; Mg2+ 0.26 meq/1; dissolved O2 5.8 ± 0.3 mg/1; free CO2 3.2 ± 0.4 mg/1; T= 24.3 ± 0.1°C. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd gills were subsequently processed for LM (methacrylate), TEM and SEM respectively.Three changes involving chloride cells were correlated with increasing acidity: 1) the appearance of apical pits (figs. 2,5 as compared to figs. 1, 3,4) in chloride cells (about 22% of the chloride cells had pits at pH 5.0); 2) increases in their numbers and 3) increases in the % of these cells in the epithelium of the secondary lamellae.

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

Phase separation in sol gel-derived ceramic films of silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, and titania-zirconia system

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
J. Tong ◽  
L. Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Ceramic Films ◽  
Zirconia Toughened Alumina

There is increasing interest in composites containing zirconia because of their high strength, fracture toughness, and its great influence on the chemical durability in glass. For the zirconia-silica system, monolithic glasses, fibers and coatings have been obtained. There is currently a great interest in designing zirconia-toughened alumina including exploration of the processing methods and the toughening mechanism.The possibility of forming nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method has been investigated in three systems: zirconia-alumina, zirconia-silica and zirconia-titania using HREM. The morphological observations initially suggest that the formation of nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method is possible in the zirconia-alumina and zirconia-silica systems, but impossible in the zirconia-titania system. The separation-produced grain size in silica-zirconia system is around 5 nm and is more uniform than that in the alumina-zirconia system in which the sizes of the small polyhedron grains are around 10 nm. In the titania-zirconia system, there is no obvious separation as was observed in die alumina-zirconia and silica-zirconia system.

Flow Through Heterogeneous Geologic Media

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Chyi Yeh ◽  
Raziuddin Khaleel ◽  
Kenneth C. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Flow Through ◽  
Geologic Media

Phase separation in fluid additive hard sphere mixtures?

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS HENDERSON DEZSO BODA KWONG-YU CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Hard Sphere
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