scholarly journals Synthesis, structure and thermal properties of montmorillonite/ionic liquid ionogels

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (57) ◽  
pp. 34885-34894
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Noskov ◽  
Olga V. Alekseeva ◽  
Valeriya D. Shibaeva ◽  
Alexander V. Agafonov
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Distribution Structure

Sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) was synthesized as a result of two-stage processing of natural bentonite (Bent), and its particle-size distribution, structure and morphology were studied.

scholarly journals Modification of Chitin Particles with Ionic Liquids Containing Ethyl Substituent in a Cation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata M. Jaworska ◽  
Andrzej Górak ◽  
Joanna Zdunek
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Ethyl Group ◽  
Network Of Hydrogen Bonds

Chitin cannot be dissolved in conventional solvents due to the strong inter- and intrasheet network of hydrogen bonds and the large number of crystalline regions. Some ionic liquids (ILs) have been suggested in the literature as possible solvents for chitin. Seven of them, all having an ethyl group as substituent in the cationic ring, have been tested in this work: [Emim][Cl], [Emim][Br], [Emim][I], [Emim][OAc], [Emim][Lact], [Epyr][I], and [EMS][BFSI]. Chitin was insoluble in [EMS][BFSI] while for all other ILs solubility was limited due to high viscosity of solutions and equilibria have not been reached. Changes in physical structure, particle size distribution, and crystallinity of recovered chitin depended on ionic liquid used. Increase in porosity was observed for chitin treated with [Emim][Cl], [Emim][I], [Emim][Br], and [Emim][Lact]; changes in particle size distribution were observed for [Emim][AcOH] and [EMS][BFSI]; increase in crystallinity was noticed for chitin treated with [Epyr][I] while decrease in crystallinity for [Emim][I] was noticed. All tested ionic liquids were reused four times and changes in FTIR spectra could be observed for each IL.

scholarly journals Effect of two-stage thermal disintegration on particle size distribution in sewage sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Karczmarek ◽  
Jerzy Gaca
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage

Abstract The effect of two-stage thermal disintegration of sewage sludge on the particle size distribution using laser diffraction method has been studied. The sludge was sampled from municipal sewage treatment plant after each stage of disintegration. The first stage of disintegration known as homogenization proceeds at temperature of 70-90°C and pressure of 3 bar, the second stage called thermal hydrolysis was performed at temperature of 160-170°C and pressure of 6 bar. It was found that the first stage of disintegration has the strongest impact on the reduction of the sludge particle size and changes in chemical properties. The maximum size of the particles from raw sewage before disintegration was 310 μm. After first stage of the process average size of the particles was 250 μm, and during the second stage it was reduced to 226 μm. Sludge disintegration degree (DDCOD) of 59% confirms high effectiveness of the process. We established that the redox potential (Eh) of sludge effluents was changed after each step of the studied process. Furthermore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) increases which leads to the conclusion that resizing of floccules is accompanied by hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Synthesis and evaluation of a novel monomeric amine as sodium montmorillonite swelling inhibitor

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 655-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weichao Du ◽  
Xiaolin Pu ◽  
Jinsheng Sun ◽  
Xiao Luo ◽  
Yanna Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bromide Solution

A novel monomeric amine sodium montmorillonite swelling inhibitor: N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide was obtained from diethanolamine, 1-bromotetradecane, and 1, 2-dibromoethane. N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, linear swelling tests, particle size distribution tests, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric. Linear swelling tests showed that the swelling height of sodium montmorillonite in 1.0 wt% N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide solution was only 2.0 mm after 16 h (fresh water was 5.0 mm). Particle size distribution tests exhibited that the median diameter and mean particle size of sodium montmorillonite in 1.0 wt% N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide solution obviously increased to 16.1 and 85.4 µm, respectively (fresh water was 8.1 and 21.8 µm). In thermogravimetric tests, in comparison with pure sodium montmorillonite, the decrease of water content in sodium montmorillonite/ N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide indicated N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide expelled the water molecules out of the interlayer, which was beneficial to wellbore stability. Fourier transform infrared spectra of certain concentration N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide/sodium montmorillonite indicated the successful physical adsorption and interaction between N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide with sodium montmorillonite. In addition, the results of X-ray diffraction tests showed the obtained 1.0 wt% N1, N2-ditetradecy- N1, N1, N2, N2-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethane-1,2-diaminium bromide solution could remarkably reduce the interlayer distance of wet sodium montmorillonite (from 1.94 to 1.37 nm).

520 Effect of Bimodal cBN Particle Size Distribution on Thermal Properties of Al/cBN Composite Fabricated by SPS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015.23 (0) ◽  
pp. _520-1_-_520-5_
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi MIZUUCHI ◽  
Kanryu INOUE ◽  
Yasuyuki AGARI ◽  
Motohiro TANAKA ◽  
Takashi TAKEUCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution

Effects of Particle Size Distribution on Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel in Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Shota Ohki ◽  
Shingo Mineta ◽  
Mamoru Mizunuma ◽  
Soichi Oka ◽  
Masayuki Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document