scholarly journals Effects of core titanium crystal dimension and crystal phase on ROS generation and tumour accumulation of transferrin coated titanium dioxide nanoaggregates

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 23759-23766
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Lane ◽  
Kvar C. L. Black ◽  
Ramesh Raliya ◽  
Nathan Reed ◽  
Nalinikanth Kotagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cherenkov Radiation ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Stimulation Of

Radionuclide-stimulated therapy (RaST), which is enhanced by Cherenkov radiation, has enabled deep tissue stimulation of UV photosensitizers, providing a new path for cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Tenderness of the Skin after Chemical Stimulation of Underlying Temporal and Thoracolumbar Fasciae Reveals Somatosensory Crosstalk between Superficial and Deep Tissues

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Walter Magerl ◽  
Emanuela Thalacker ◽  
Simon Vogel ◽  
Robert Schleip ◽  
Thomas Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Test Parameter ◽  
Temporal Fascia ◽  
Sufficient Stimulus ◽  
Stimulation Of

Musculoskeletal pain is often associated with pain referred to adjacent areas or skin. So far, no study has analyzed the somatosensory changes of the skin after the stimulation of different underlying fasciae. The current study aimed to investigate heterotopic somatosensory crosstalk between deep tissue (muscle or fascia) and superficial tissue (skin) using two established models of deep tissue pain (namely focal high frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) (100 pulses of constant current electrical stimulation at 10× detection threshold) or the injection of hypertonic saline in stimulus locations as verified using ultrasound). In a methodological pilot experiment in the TLF, different injection volumes of hypertonic saline (50–800 µL) revealed that small injection volumes were most suitable, as they elicited sufficient pain but avoided the complication of the numbing pinprick sensitivity encountered after the injection of a very large volume (800 µL), particularly following muscle injections. The testing of fascia at different body sites revealed that 100 µL of hypertonic saline in the temporal fascia and TLF elicited significant pinprick hyperalgesia in the overlying skin (–26.2% and –23.5% adjusted threshold reduction, p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), but not the trapezius fascia or iliotibial band. Notably, both estimates of hyperalgesia were significantly correlated (r = 0.61, p < 0.005). Comprehensive somatosensory testing (DFNS standard) revealed that no test parameter was changed significantly following electrical HFS. The experiments demonstrated that fascia stimulation at a sufficient stimulus intensity elicited significant across-tissue facilitation to pinprick stimulation (referred hyperalgesia), a hallmark sign of nociceptive central sensitization.

scholarly journals Subplasmalemmal hydrogen peroxide triggers calcium influx in gonadotropes

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 (41) ◽  
pp. 16028-16042 ◽  
Author(s):  
An K. Dang ◽  
Nathan L. Chaplin ◽  
Dilyara A. Murtazina ◽  
Ulrich Boehm ◽  
Colin M. Clay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation of its eponymous receptor on the surface of endocrine anterior pituitary gonadotrope cells (gonadotropes) initiates multiple signaling cascades that culminate in the secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, which have critical roles in fertility and reproduction. Enhanced luteinizing hormone biosynthesis, a necessary event for ovulation, requires a signaling pathway characterized by calcium influx through L-type calcium channels and subsequent activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). We previously reported that highly localized subplasmalemmal calcium microdomains produced by L-type calcium channels (calcium sparklets) play an essential part in GnRH-dependent ERK activation. Similar to calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous intracellular signaling molecules whose subcellular localization determines their specificity. To investigate the potential influence of oxidant signaling in gonadotropes, here we examined the impact of ROS generation on L-type calcium channel function. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy revealed that GnRH induces spatially restricted sites of ROS generation in gonadotrope-derived αT3-1 cells. Furthermore, GnRH-dependent stimulation of L-type calcium channels required intracellular hydrogen peroxide signaling in these cells and in primary mouse gonadotropes. NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial ROS generation were each necessary for GnRH-mediated stimulation of L-type calcium channels. Congruently, GnRH increased oxidation within subplasmalemmal mitochondria, and L-type calcium channel activity correlated strongly with the presence of adjacent mitochondria. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that NADPH oxidase activity and mitochondria-derived hydrogen peroxide signaling play a fundamental role in GnRH-dependent stimulation of L-type calcium channels in anterior pituitary gonadotropes.

Unmyelinated nociceptors of rat paraspinal tissues

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1752-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Bove ◽  
A. R. Light
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Intact Animal ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Thermal Stimuli ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. We made recordings from rat dorsal root filaments to study unmyelinated afferent units (conduction velocity < or = 1.5 m/s) associated with deep paraspinal tissues of the dorsal sacrum and proximal tail. Data from 57 unmyelinated units were analyzed in 47 experiments. Receptive fields were identified in intact animals and then surgically isolated using microdissection. Units were characterized using mechanical, noxious chemical, and thermal stimuli. 2. These recordings revealed innervation of the nerve sheaths and surrounding connective tissue, muscles, tendons, and tissue apposed to the undersurface of the skin. No units were found with receptive fields directly on joint capsular tissue. The receptive fields of the units were often multiple and located in more than one tissue; 31 of 57 units showed convergence from different tissues. 3. The units with receptive fields on neurovascular bundles shared sensitivities with other deep tissue units described in this and other reports. These units may have clinical importance in pain due to peripheral neuropathies. 4. The units initially responded to strong mechanical stimulation of the intact animal and often to noxious stretch of the tail. Once surgically isolated, an individual unit's threshold to mechanical stimuli appeared lower. 5. Capsaicin (0.001%-0.1%) elicited responses in 81% (17 of 21) of the units tested. Bradykinin (20 micrograms/ml) elicited responses in 45% (10 of 22) of the units tested. Noxious cold (4-10 degrees C) and hot (55 degrees C) stimulation elicited discharges from 33% (5 of 15) and 25% (5 of 20) of the units tested, respectively. 6. The unmyelinated units had similar mechanical, chemical, and thermal sensitivities. These similarities and the observed convergence only allowed separation of units by the tissue in which the ending was found, and did not allow further classification. 7. The prevalence of background discharge suggested that many units were sensitized during the experiments. 8. The sensitivities of these paraspinal units were similar to those reported for other tissues. Because of the anatomic similarity of the paraspinal tissues of the proximal tail and the lumbar spine, the conclusions of the present study can be related to the lumbar spine. These afferent units are thought to participate in nociception from the deep paraspinal tissues.

Fe3O4–Pd Janus nanoparticles with amplified dual-mode hyperthermia and enhanced ROS generation for breast cancer treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1450-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Ma ◽  
Yanyun Wang ◽  
Xiao-Li Liu ◽  
Huijun Ma ◽  
Galong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Heating Efficiency ◽  
Janus Nanoparticles

Biocompatible Fe3O4-Pd Janus nanoparticles were designed to achieve significantly high magnetic-photo heating efficiency accompanied by enhanced ROS generation for efficient cancer therapy.

A novel function for fibroblast growth factor 21: stimulation of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS generation

Endocrine ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-fei Wang ◽  
Lei Ma ◽  
Ming-yao Liu ◽  
Ting-ting Zhao ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Changes in the activity of ovine blood-derived macrophages stimulated with antimicrobial peptide extract (AMP) or platelet-rich plasma (PRP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Joanna Wessely-Szponder ◽  
Tomasz Szponder ◽  
Ryszard Bobowiec ◽  
Joanna Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Soft Tissue Healing ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractIntroduction: Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are a large group of innate immune effectors, which apart from antimicrobial activity show immunomodulative properties. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a source of autologous growth factors and is used for stimulation of bone and soft tissue healing. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of PRP and AMP extract on ovine monocyte-derived macrophage cultures. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on ovine macrophages (Mfs) previously stimulated with LPS or dexamethasone and then with preparations of PRP or AMP. Following activation of the Mfs their morphological and functional features were assessed. Results: The study revealed pro-inflammatory influence of both examined preparations on Mfs cultures on the basis of morphology, ROS generation and arginase activity. Both preparations enhanced the pro-inflammatory response of cultured Mfs. Conclusion: This activity may intensify the antimicrobial action of Mfs, however, in cases of excessive and prolonged inflammation the use of these preparations should be limited.

scholarly journals Multifunctional AIE Iridium (III) Photosensitizer Nanoparticles for Two-Photon-Activated Imaging and Mitochondria Targeting  Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuzi Cai ◽  
Kangnan Wang ◽  
Wen Ma ◽  
yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Gui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Targeting Ability

Abstract Developing novel photosensitizers for deep tissue imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains a challengebecause of the poor water solubility, low reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, serve dark cytotoxicity, and weak absorption in the NIR region of conventional photosensitizers. Herein,cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes(Ir)with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature, high photoinduced ROS generation efficiency, two-photonexcitation, and mitochondria-targetingcapability were designed and further encapsulated into biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs).The Ir-NPs can be used to disturb redox homeostasis in vitro, result in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. Importantly, invivo experiments demonstrated that theIr-NPs presented obviously tumor-targeting ability, excellent antitumor effect, and low systematic dark-toxicity. Moreover, the Ir-NPs could serve as a two-photon imaging agent for deep tissue bioimaging with a penetration depth of up to 300 μm. This work presents a promising strategy for designing a clinical application of multifunctional Ir-NPs toward bioimaging and PDT.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document