Evaluating the bis-isoxazole core for energetic heterocyclic-based oligomers

Taylor A. Manes; Gregory H. Imler; Kyle T. Sullivan; Eric V. Bukovsky

doi:10.1039/d0py00875c

Evaluating the bis-isoxazole core for energetic heterocyclic-based oligomers

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0py00875c ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (38) ◽

pp. 6149-6156

Author(s):

Taylor A. Manes ◽

Gregory H. Imler ◽

Kyle T. Sullivan ◽

Eric V. Bukovsky

Keyword(s):

Energetic Materials ◽

Energetic Polymers

Heterocyclic energetic polymers can bridge the gap between inert and detonable energetic materials.

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New synthesis routes for energetic materials using dinitrogen pentoxide

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.1992.0037 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 339 (1654) ◽

pp. 305-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Energetic Materials ◽

Dinitrogen Pentoxide ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

New Synthesis ◽

Environmental Consideration ◽

Energetic Polymers ◽

Synthesis Routes ◽

Aromatic Nitro ◽

Derivatives Of

The harsh and unselective nature of conventional nitrating agents, based on nitricsulphuric acid mixtures or pure nitric acid, has led to the development of new nitration methodologies based on dinitrogen pentoxide (N 2 O 5 ) that overcome many of the draw backs of conventional media, especially when dealing with sensitive substrates. Two principal nitration system s have been developed : (i) N 2 O 5 in pure nitric acid, and (ii) N 2 O 5 in organic solvents, mainly chlorinated hydrocarbons. The former system possesses strength similar to mixed acid (HNO 3 - H 2 SO 4 ) system s and is therefore potent, but displays advantages such as ease of generation of the nitration reagent by electrolysis and com patibility with nitram ine products, facilitating the synthesis of nitram ine explosives as well as certain aromatic nitro compounds. The second system (N 2 O 5 /organic solvent) encompasses a much wider range of nitrations, and with suitable choice of substrate permits the generation of polynitrated species directly without the formation of acidic by-products, an important environmental consideration. These conditions are also compatible with sensitive substrates, particularly those possessing strained-ring heterocyclic skeletons; thus the nitration of such compounds with N2O5 perm its precursors for energetic polymers (e.g. polyNIMMO) to be prepared by selective nitration. Likewise, nitrated derivatives of suitably functionalized elastomeric pre-polymers (e.g. NHTPB ) can also be manufactured; both of the latter category of compound find important application as energetic binders for novel explosive and propellant compositions, notably low-vulnerability (LOVA) propellant charges.

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Overview on Energetic Polymers

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-418-91 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 418 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jacques Boileau

Keyword(s):

Energetic Materials ◽

Point Of View ◽

User Needs ◽

Polymeric Binder ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Research Projects ◽

Energetic Polymers ◽

Polyvinyl Nitrate ◽

Processing Properties

AbstractEnergetic materials for missiles, gun munitions or pyrotechnic devices often are mixtures in a biphasic form, with a filler and a binder. To satisfy the user needs, an analysis of functional requirements together with constraints (safety, vulnerability, ageing, environment, disposal, price...) is useful to choose a convenient binder. From this point of view numerous synthetic energetic polymers proposed or developed as binders are reviewed with regard to their syntheses, processing, properties and possible uses. These polymers contain explosophore groups: C-NO2 aliphatic or aromatic, ONO2, NNO2, NF2 and N3.Some research projects are suggested. Among them in the list of published polymers, following a NIMIC (NATO) suggestion, note the reason of a development interruption. Some dinitropolystyrene – polyvinyl nitrate mixtures or copolymers could exhibit interesting properties. For unknown reasons, some mixtures of crystalline filler- with polymeric binder, generally in a biphasic form, may also be monophasic for a same composition. What properties are modified between the both forms (e.g. combustion mechanisms, erosion, ideal character of the detonation) ? It is also interesting to pursue into a newly open route to thermo-plastic elastomers.

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