Revisiting the Synthesis of Aryl Nitriles: A pivotal role of CAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhee Saikia ◽  
Kwihwan Park ◽  
Hayato Masuda ◽  
Miki Itoh ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Aryl Iodides ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Aryl Nitriles

Facilitated by the dual role of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN), herein we report a cost-effective approach for the cyanation of aryl iodides/bromides with CAN-DMF as an addition to the existing...

scholarly journals Water-Mediated Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Catalyzed C-C/C-N Bond Formation: Convenient Access to Polyfunctionalized Pyrazoles via Multicomponent Reaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1189-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas D. Kadu ◽  
Mahesh G. Hublikar ◽  
Dattatraya G. Raut ◽  
Raghunath B. Bhosale
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Multicomponent Reaction ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Role Of Solvent ◽  
Convenient Access

An efficient multicomponent approach has been developed in the environmentally green aqueous medium for synthesis of substituted polyfunctionalized pyrazoles. The simple and readily available aldehydes, malononitrile and phenylhydrazines substrates afforded polysubstituted imidazoles (15 examples) up to 96 % yield. The polyethylene glycol is playing the dual role of solvent and promoter with water in this reaction catalyzed by ceric ammonium nitrate.

The Susceptibility of Healthy People to COVID-19 Infection and the Role of ACE2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Kushkestani ◽  
Mohsen Parvani ◽  
Bakhtyar Tartibian ◽  
Rasoul Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Ace2 Gene

The COVID-19 virus has caused many deaths of people worldwide since the pandemic began. However, no definitive treatment for this infection has been discovered so far. It has been shown that comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are associated with an increased risk of SARS-COV-2 infection. Interestingly, SARS-COV-2, like SARS-COV, uses the ACE2 gene to enter the host cell. Also, changes or imbalance in ACE2.ACE can affect SARS-COV-2 susceptibility, related outcomes and mortality. Regarding the crucial role of ACE2 protein in COVID-19 infection, the effect of different factors such as age, BMI, physical activity levels, nutritional status, altitude, as well as blood group was assessed on the level of this protein. Further, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted to examine factors that increase or decrease the risk of COVID-19 and its related severity and outcome in normal subjects emphasizing the pivotal role of ACE2. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the involved mechanisms of ACE2 protein and other risk factors causing infection in different situations and finally, to introduce a safe, accurate, and cost-effective approach to prevent SARS-COV-2 infection and hard clinical outcomes in normal subjects.

Quantitative Selection of Variation Reduction Plans

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Variation Reduction ◽  
Multiple Quality Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Variation ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Quality has been a rallying call in the design and manufacturing world for the last two decades. One way to improve quality is to reduce the impact of manufacturing variation. Variation risk mitigation is challenging especially when a product has multiple quality characteristics and complex production and assembly. It is common wisdom that companies should identify and mitigate the risk associated with variation throughout the design process. As yield problems are identified, they should be mitigated using the most cost effective approach. One approach to variation risk mitigation is variation reduction (VR). VR targets reduction of variation introduced by existing manufacturing processes using tools such as Design of Experiments (DOE) and robust design. Many companies have specialized groups that specialize in these methods. VR teams have the role of improving manufacturing performance; however, these teams are limited in their resources. In addition, no tools exist to quantitatively determine where a VR team’s efforts are most effectively deployed. This paper provides a mathematical and optimization model to best allocate VR resources in a complex product.

Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-176
Author(s):  
Komal Aslam ◽  
Hafiza Iqra Saeed ◽  
Jessica Alyas ◽  
Aysha Saeed ◽  
Tanveer Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Contaminants ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Living Organisms

Bioremediation involves the use of natural microorganisms for the purpose ofdegrading numerous types of industrial and environmental waste. Microorganismsrequire carbon, nutrients, and energy to live and multiply as all living organisms do. Inorder to obtain energy, such microorganisms break down organic pollutants into simplerorganic compounds like carbon, salts, water, and similar harmless products. Thisapproach of degrading contaminants using microorganisms has proved much beneficialand has been proven to be cost-effective and efficient. There are a lot of naturally occurringmicroorganisms that have been reported essential in the degradation of organic pollutants.Different industries use different types of bioremediation methods. Specificenvironmental conditions may be required for optimal functioning of microbes e.g., pH,temperature, humidity, etc. Bioremediation has been proven as an environment-friendlyand cost-effective approach to deal with industrial contaminants. Descriptive informationof microbes involved in bioremediation has been explained in this review.

Digital Twin Enabled Mass Personalization: A Case Study of a Smart Wetland Maintenance System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohin Aheleroff ◽  
Ray Y. Zhong ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Zhenan Feng ◽  
Pulkit Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Massive Number ◽  
Mass Personalization

Abstract Mass personalization has been an essential paradigm in the Industry 4.0 era. Mass personalization has long been a question of great interest in a wide range of industries. There is a recognized need for a cost-effective approach for dealing with a high number of unique products and services. There has been substantial research undertaken on the role of Industry 4.0 for mass customization. The contribution of Digital Twin (DT) has received little attention within mass personalization. No known empirical research has focused on exploring relationships between DT and mass personalization. The principal objective of this project was to utilize DT for a significant number of unique wetlands. In this study, a Digital Twin architecture was developed and applied to address challenges in regards to a massive number of distinct wetlands. This study is based on an industry-led case with significant value, including scheduled maintenance, real-time monitoring, remote controlling, and predicting functionalities. The findings indicated that there was a positive relationship between Digital Twin capabilities and mass personalization. The present results highlight the detrimental value that Digital Twin has on mass personalization. The results represent a further step towards developing Digital Twin research and development.

The role of hybrid computers in simulation and control

SIMULATION ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank W. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Analog Computer ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Specialized Technique ◽  
Hybrid Computer ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

This paper discusses the present atzd futtsre of hybrid computation: Has it reached its zenith, or will it continue to develop as a powerful but specialized technique? The minicomputer has made current hybrid systems practical by providing a low-cost digital component. Unless the cost of the analog computer is reduced, the increasing power and decreasing cost of the minicomputer may severely limit future hybrid computer usage by providing an economic all-digital alternative. However, problems with alternative solution techniques indicate that for some important applications the hybrid computer will be the most cost- effective approach.

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