In vivo live imaging of bone using shortwave infrared fluorescent quantum dots

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (43) ◽  
pp. 22022-22029
Author(s):  
Yanjun Che ◽  
Sijia Feng ◽  
Jiangbo Guo ◽  
Junjun Hou ◽  
Xuesong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Shortwave Infrared

Bone plays an increasingly critical role in human health and disease.

scholarly journals Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Findings,Challenges, and Future Applications

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Nader Kameli ◽  
Anya Dragojlovic-Kerkache ◽  
Paul Savelkoul ◽  
Frank R. Stassen
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Protocol Standardization ◽  
Insight Into

In recent years, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have gained the interest of many experts in fields such as microbiology and immunology, and research in this field has exponentially increased. These nano-sized particles have provided researchers with a number of interesting findings, making their application in human health and disease very promising. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that PDEVs can exhibit a multitude of effects, suggesting that these vesicles may have many potential future applications, including therapeutics and nano-delivery of compounds. While the preliminary results are promising, there are still some challenges to face, such as a lack of protocol standardization, as well as knowledge gaps that need to be filled. This review aims to discuss various aspects of PDEV knowledge, including their preliminary findings, challenges, and future uses, giving insight into the complexity of conducting research in this field.

scholarly journals The Glucocorticoid Receptor in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Knight ◽  
Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Glucocorticoid Signaling ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Nuclear Receptor Family

The glucocorticoid receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor family that controls many distinct gene networks, governing various aspects of development, metabolism, inflammation, and the stress response, as well as other key biological processes in the cardiovascular system. Recently, research in both animal models and humans has begun to unravel the profound complexity of glucocorticoid signaling and convincingly demonstrates that the glucocorticoid receptor has direct effects on the heart and vessels in vivo and in vitro. This research has contributed directly to improving therapeutic strategies in human disease. The glucocorticoid receptor is activated either by the endogenous steroid hormone cortisol or by exogenous glucocorticoids and acts within the cardiovascular system via both genomic and non-genomic pathways. Polymorphisms of the glucocorticoid receptor are also reported to influence the progress and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we provide an update on glucocorticoid signaling and highlight the critical role of this signaling in both physiological and pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system. With increasing in-depth understanding of glucocorticoid signaling, the future is promising for the development of targeted glucocorticoid treatments and improved clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic nanoprobe for β-galactosidase activity detection and imaging in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 1941001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Zeng ◽  
Yunxia Wu ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Activity Detection ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Nir Dye

Detection and visualization of [Formula: see text]-galactosidase ([Formula: see text]-gal) is essential to reflect its physiological and pathological effects on human health and disease, but it is still challenging to precisely track [Formula: see text]-gal in vivo owing to the limitation of current analytical methods. In our work, we reported a photoacoustic (PA) nanoprobe for selective imaging of the endogenous [Formula: see text]-gal in vivo. Our nanoprobe Cy7-[Formula: see text]-gal-LP was constructed by encapsulation of a near-infra red (NIR) dye Cy7-[Formula: see text]-gal within a liposome (LP, DSPE-PEG2000-COOH). The dye Cy7-[Formula: see text]-gal was synthesized based on a dye Cy-OH where the hydroxyl group was replaced by a [Formula: see text]-D-galactopyranoside residue, which can be recognized by [Formula: see text]-gal as an enzyme hydrolytic site. With the addition of [Formula: see text]-gal, the absorbance of Cy7-[Formula: see text]-gal exhibited a significant red shift with the absorption peak moved from 600[Formula: see text]nm to 680[Formula: see text]nm, which should generate a switch-on PA signal at 680[Formula: see text]nm in the presence of [Formula: see text]-gal. In addition, as the fluorescence of the dye was totally quenched due to aggregation within the liposome, Cy7-[Formula: see text]-gal-LP exhibited high PA conversion efficiency. With the nanoprobe, we achieved the selective PA detection and imaging of [Formula: see text]-gal in the tumor-bearing mice.

In Vivo Live Imaging of Bone Using Shortwave Infrared Fluorescence Quantum Dots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Che ◽  
Sijia Feng ◽  
Jiangbo Guo ◽  
Junjun Hou ◽  
Xuesong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Bone Structures

Abstract Bone is playing an increasingly critical role in human health and disease. More noninvasive multi-scale imaging techniques are urgently required for investigations on the substructures and biological functions of bones. Our results firstly revealed that our prepared SWIR QDs acted as a bone-specific image contrast to achieve real-time imaging of bone structures both in vivo and ex vivo. The major bone structures of both Balb/C nude mouse and Balb/C mouse including the skull, spine, pelvis, limbs and the sternum could be rapidly and gradually identified via blood circulation after QDs injection in vivo. More importantly, the binding capability of our QDs mainly depend on the biological activities of bone tissues, suggesting our technique was suitable for in vivo live imaging. Additionally, the cell imaging results suggested that the potential mechanism of our bone imaging could be ascribed to the highly specific interaction between QDs and MC3T3-E1 cells. In a word, skeletal structures and biological activities of bones are anticipated to be observed and monitored with this QDs-guided SWIR imaging strategy, respectively. This radiation-free QDs-guided SWIR live imaging of bone can put new insights into a comprehensive study of bones in vivo and provide basis for early diagnosis of bone diseases.

Biocompatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots prepared from beetroot extract for in vivo live imaging in C. elegans and BALB/c mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 3366-3371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Kundan S. Rawat ◽  
Shachi Mishra ◽  
Tanvi Baghel ◽  
Soobiya Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Animal Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Nanomaterials ◽  
Live Animal Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon

Luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) prepared from aqueous beetroot extract were developed as unique fluorescent nanomaterials for in vivo live animal imaging applications.

scholarly journals Bright quantum dots emitting at ∼1,600 nm in the NIR-IIb window for deep tissue fluorescence imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (26) ◽  
pp. 6590-6595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxi Zhang ◽  
Jingying Yue ◽  
Ran Cui ◽  
Zhuoran Ma ◽  
Hao Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Lead Sulfide ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Tissue Fluorescence

With suppressed photon scattering and diminished autofluorescence, in vivo fluorescence imaging in the 1,500- to 1,700-nm range of the near-IR (NIR) spectrum (NIR-IIb window) can afford high clarity and deep tissue penetration. However, there has been a lack of NIR-IIb fluorescent probes with sufficient brightness and aqueous stability. Here, we present a bright fluorescent probe emitting at ∼1,600 nm based on core/shell lead sulfide/cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (CSQDs) synthesized in organic phase. The CdS shell plays a critical role of protecting the lead sulfide (PbS) core from oxidation and retaining its bright fluorescence through the process of amphiphilic polymer coating and transferring to water needed for imparting aqueous stability and compatibility. The resulting CSQDs with a branched PEG outer layer exhibited a long blood circulation half-life of 7 hours and enabled through-skin, real-time imaging of blood flows in mouse vasculatures at an unprecedented 60 frames per second (fps) speed by detecting ∼1,600-nm fluorescence under 808-nm excitation. It also allowed through-skin in vivo confocal 3D imaging of tumor vasculatures in mice with an imaging depth of ∼1.2 mm. The PEG-CSQDs accumulated in tumor effectively through the enhanced permeation and retention effect, affording a high tumor-to-normal tissue ratio up to ∼32 owing to the bright ∼1,600-nm emission and nearly zero autofluorescence background resulting from a large ∼800-nm Stoke’s shift. The aqueous-compatible CSQDs are excreted through the biliary pathway without causing obvious toxicity effects, suggesting a useful class of ∼1,600-nm emitting probes for biomedical research.

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

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