Rapid and high-concentration exfoliation of montmorillonite into high-quality and mono-layered nanosheets

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
pp. 17083-17092
Author(s):  
Zhengmao Ding ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Bowen Zhang ◽  
Yunjun Luo
Keyword(s):  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality

Exfoliation time is significantly shortened from 120 to 3 min and yield reaches a record high value of 100 wt%.

scholarly journals Alternatives for methane emission mitigation in livestock systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (suppl spe) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Lascano ◽  
Edgar Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cattle Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Human activities are contributing to Global Climate Change through the production of Green House Gases (GHG), which result in increased air, land and ocean temperatures and extreme changes in precipitation in regions of low and high rainfall. The most important GHG's are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). It is estimated that 18 % of the annual GHG emissions come from different types of livestock and that 37% of CH4, with higher global warming potential (23) relative to CO2 (1), comes from fermentation processes in ruminants. It is possible that in the future beef and milk exports from producing countries is subject to bans if cattle systems do not comply with measures to reduce GHG. There are several alternatives available and being researched to reduce enteric CH4 emissions from cattle that range from manipulating diet composition, supplementing feed additives (i.e. ionophores, organic acids, halogenated compounds, oils) and selection of forage plants of high quality and containing secondary metabolites (i.e. tannins and saponins) to animal breeding, immunization and genetic transformation of rumen microorganisms. Results show that inhibition of enteric CH4 emission is possible through the use of ionophores, organic acids and oils. The use of ionophores can result in resistance of rumen microbes and as a result the effect is short term. The high cost of organic acids makes it unlikely that there direct supplementation in ruminant diets is economically viable. However, organic acids are present at relatively high concentrations in the leaf tissue of plants and attempts should be made to select and breed forages with higher levels of these compounds. It is argued that a more efficient strategy to reduce enteric CH4 in ruminants is through selection of grasses of high quality (i.e. high concentration of water soluble carbohydrates), of forage legumes containing secondary metabolites like tannins and of fruits/plants containing saponins, provided that they do not affect intake and digestibility. Improved nutrition of cattle through feeding high quality forages can result in high animal performance and in reductions of CH4 emitted per unit of dry matter intake and per unit of product.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of the Nutritional Value of Digitaria Iburua and Digitaria Exilis Seed Oils

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakari Ladan ◽  
L Oguogho ◽  
I. N. Akos ◽  
B. B. Ayiya B.B ◽  
Y. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Health Related

The oil content of brown and white acha seeds was extracted and characterized using the AOAC procedure. Consumption of these grains by people with health-related diseases necessitated this study to authenticate its nutritional values. The physicochemical characterization revealed the two oils to have low oil yields of high quality. Biochemical profiling of the seeds showed that both oils have high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins A and E and other minor constituents. These results indicate that brown and white acha seeds are excellent sources of healthy nutrients to humans. 

SiC Sublimation Growth at Small Spacing between Source and Seed

2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Mokhov ◽  
A.D. Roenkov ◽  
A.S. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sandwich Method ◽  
Sublimation Growth ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Small Spacing

The growth kinetics of SiC crystals doped with Al and Ga impurities and grown by the sublimation sandwich method at a small spacing between the source and the seed (<1 mm) has been studied. Dependence of an Al-doped SiC crystals growth rate on the clearance is shown to be non-monotonic and exhibits maximum at the clearance about of 100-300 μm. Such dependence is also observed for growth of pure and Ga-doped SiC crystals but only on (0001)Si face. The derived dependencies suggest that there are some considerable kinetic limitations of the SiC growth rate. High quality SiC crystals with such high concentration of the Al impurity as 2x1021 cm-3 were grown.

Extraction of Genomic DNA from Inner Bark of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don for RAPD Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
◽  
Santan Barthwal ◽  
H.S. Ginwal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Inner Bark ◽  
Random Amplification

Genomic DNA extraction from forestry tree species require young leaf samples to obtain high-quality DNA for molecular based study. For some study, leaf samples must be collected from remote areas and are difficult to transport long distances. We developed alternative method of DNA extraction from inner bark of Cedrus deodara. We used 2.5% PVP for removal of phenolic compound and apply high concentration of sodium chloride to removes polysaccharides. Extracted DNA gives positive amplification with PCR using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.

High Quality Dispersions of Functionalized Single Walled Nanotubes at High Concentration

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 3519-3524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny Amiran ◽  
Valeria Nicolosi ◽  
Shane D. Bergin ◽  
Umar Khan ◽  
Philip E. Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Single Walled Nanotubes

scholarly journals Liquid-vapor Growth of Atomically Thin Metal Tellurides with Controllable Polymorphism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Yimo Han ◽  
Pin-Chun Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Liquid Vapor

Abstract Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), together with their polymorphism, provide promising alternatives for next generation electronic devices and a platform to explore exotic quantum phenomena. However, a large-scale synthesis method that can reliably produce high-quality two-dimensional (2D) TMDs with controlled phase is still lacking. Instead, TMDs with high concentration of defects and defect-stabilized metastable crystalline phases are often obtained via conventional chemical vapor deposition. Here we developed a liquid-vapor (LV) technique to exploit liquid precursors to significantly suppress the equilibrium shift to the decomposition direction and successfully synthesized high-quality TMDs. We highlight the importance of exploiting the synergism of equilibrium and kinetics to facilitate the synthesis reaction (forward) and to impede decomposition (reverse). A high concentration of reactants in the liquid phase also maximizes the kinetic rate of defect repairing. We demonstrated the advantages of LV method by synthesizing diverse high-quality 2D metal tellurides with controllable polymorphs, which would be challenging, if not impossible, to realize by using conventional methods due to weak metal-tellurium bonds, thermal instability and the co-existence of mixed crystalline phases. In particular, we successfully synthesized high-quality monolayer 2H MoTe2, which is only possible when Te defect level is substantially suppressed. Our approach provides a new paradigm in high-quality and large-scale materials synthesis and can be readily extended to a variety of quantum materials, potentially accelerating both research and industrial initiatives.

Stirred Not Shaken: Facile Production of High-Quality, High-Concentration Graphene Aqueous Suspensions Assisted by a Protein

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3815-3826
Author(s):  
Megan K. Puglia ◽  
Sohan Aziz ◽  
Kevin M. Brady ◽  
Mark O’Neill ◽  
Challa V. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions

scholarly journals Osmotic Activity of Drugs is an Important Factor of Their Local Action at the Injection Site: What We Don't Use to Prevent Post-Injection Abscesses

2021 ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Urakov ◽  
Natalya Urakova
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Local Action ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Osmotic Activity

It is established that very few modern high-quality drugs in the dosage form "Solution for injection" have isoosmotic activity in the range of 280-300 mosmol/l of water. The main part of solutions for injection is hypotonic or hypertonic solutions, which can have osmotic activity in the range of 0 - 4000 mosmol/l of water. The reason for this was that the osmotic activity of drugs is not included in the list of controlled indicators of drugs quality, so it is not subject to control. It is shown that the osmotic activity of drug solutions increases with an increase in the total concentration of all dissolved ingredients present in the solution.  It was found that an excessively high concentration of the drug in the solution gives it an excessively large hyperosmotic activity, which can cause a local irritant and cauterizing effect at the injection sites due to dehydration of the cells. Therefore, to exclude post-injection abscesses, it is proposed to dilute the hypertonic drug with water for injection until it is given isotonic activity.

scholarly journals Metallurgical processing of converter slag

2021 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
S.M. Tleugabulov ◽  
◽  
N.B. Aitkenov ◽  
G.G. Zhabalova ◽  
A.G. Belichko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Gas Purification ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Steel ◽  
Technical Requirements

Converter slurries at modern metallurgical plants represent a significant part of metal-containing industrial waste with a high concentration of iron. Currently, there is a problem of their utilization and use as raw materials for metallurgy. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of briquetting and recovery of briquetted products, based on a mixture of converter slurries of gas purification and converter slags. When performing experimental studies on the preparation of sludge briquettes from a mixture of converter sludge of gas purification and converter slag, their metallization and reduction melting in laboratory conditions, the optimal composition of the components of the mixture of converter slag and gas purification sludge was determined by the percentage of iron, which is appropriate for use as a raw material for steel smelting. Experimental studies on the preparation of sludge-coal mixtures from dispersed metal-containing and carbon-containing industrial waste with stoichiometric coal consumption for the recovery of extracted metals have proved the possibility of obtaining sludge-coal briquettes, which are further subjected to metallization and reduction melting. Sequential processing of dispersed production waste, namely drying, metallization and reduction melting, allowed us to obtain at the final stage a metal sample that corresponds to high-quality steel in its composition. Based on the analysis of the results of experimental studies, the technology of reducing melting of metal-containing waste has been developed. As a result of the implementation of the technology, high-quality steels and alloys can be obtained without carburizing the metal, bypassing the production stages of cast iron and high-carbon alloys. The content of harmful impurities of sulfur and phosphorus meets the technical requirements of high-quality steel. The proposed technology for processing slag and sludge from oxygen-converter production will reduce the volume of accumulated production waste.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document