Breaking symmetry in device design for self-driven 2D material based photodetectors

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 8109-8118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Changjian Zhou ◽  
Yang Chai
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Device Design ◽  
2D Material ◽  
Generalized Framework ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

By elaborating the concept of symmetry breaking in 2D material based photodetectors, we give a concise and generalized framework which covers existing photodetectors with self-driven properties.

scholarly journals Breaking Symmetry Effects on Heavy Tetraquarks

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1860036
Author(s):  
J. Vijande ◽  
A. Valcarce ◽  
J.-M. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Abelian Algebra ◽  
Color Additive ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Breaking Symmetry ◽  
Standard Color

In this contribution we present symmetry arguments that can be applied to study the stability of four-quark systems with two different masses. The role played by different symmetry breaking effects and the non-Abelian algebra of color forces is discussed in detail. In the particular case of hidden-flavor all-heavy four-quark states, [Formula: see text], the system becomes unstable for standard color-additive models. Differences and similarities between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] configurations are presented. In the latter case, its stability when the mass ratio [Formula: see text] increases was established almost forty years ago. In the former case, we find a kind of metastability between the lowest threshold, [Formula: see text] and the highest one, [Formula: see text].

Symmetry breaking symmetry

2008 ◽  
pp. 154-189
Author(s):  
Erwin Chargaff ◽  
Magdolna Hargittai ◽  
István Hargittai ◽  
Vera Molnár ◽  
Francois Molnár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

CHIRAL DECOMPOSITION AS A SOURCE OF QUANTUM SYMMETRY IN THE ISING MODEL

1994 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 649-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SZLACHÁNYI
Keyword(s):  
Ising Model ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Universal Algebra ◽  
Group Symmetry ◽  
Cuntz Algebra ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Observable Algebra ◽  
Quantum Symmetry ◽  
Group D ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

The superselection sectors of three closely related models are studied and compared. I. The full Ising model with observable algebra [Formula: see text], the universal algebra of local even CAR algebras on the circle. [Formula: see text] has four sectors with Z(2) × Z(2) symmetry. II. The chiral Ising model with observable algebra [Formula: see text] (c = L or R), which is the universal algebra of local even Majorana algebras, has three sectors with quantum symmetry Gc ≅ M1⊕M1⊕M2. The Mack-Schomerus endomorphism creating the non-Abelian sector of [Formula: see text], respectively of [Formula: see text] is shown to coincide with the restriction [Formula: see text], respectively [Formula: see text] of a Z (2) charge creating automorphism ρ of [Formula: see text]. III. As an intermediate step the superselection sectors of the algebra [Formula: see text] — which can be interpreted as the observable algebra of the conformal Ising model — are found to have ordinary group symmetry described by the dihedral group D4. The relation between the sectors of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is explained in terms of a strange 'symmetry breaking': symmetry enhancement in the Neveu-Schwarz sector and symmetry breaking in the Ramond. Covariant charged fields are constructed in all three cases and the truncation in Gc is shown to arise from the failure of the Cuntz algebra relations for the chiral charged fields.

Symmetry breaking in convergent-beam diffraction

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
D.J. Eaglesham
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Point Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Diffraction ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Atomic Displacements ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Convergent Beam

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction is now almost routinely used in the determination of the point- and space-groups of crystalline samples. In addition to its small-probe capability, CBED is also postulated to be more sensitive than X-ray diffraction in determining crystal symmetries. Multiple diffraction is phase-sensitive, so that the distinction between centro- and non-centro-symmetric space groups should be trivial in CBED: in addition, the stronger scattering of electrons may give a general increase in sensitivity to small atomic displacements. However, the sensitivity of CBED symmetry to the crystal point group has rarely been quantified, and CBED is also subject to symmetry-breaking due to local strains and inhomogeneities. The purpose of this paper is to classify the various types of symmetry-breaking, present calculations of the sensitivity, and illustrate symmetry-breaking by surface strains.CBED symmetry determinations usually proceed by determining the diffraction group along various zone axes, and hence finding the point group. The diffraction group can be found using either the intensity distribution in the discs

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

A Symmetry-Breaking Theory of False Pop Out

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley D. Orsten ◽  
Mary C. Portillo ◽  
James R. Pomerantz
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking
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