Folding dynamics of Aβ42 monomer at pH 4.0–7.5 with and without physiological salt conditions – does the β1 or β2 region fold first?

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (41) ◽  
pp. 18000-18013
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Xing ◽  
Chengqiang Liu ◽  
Huijuan Yang ◽  
Muhammad Fahad Nouman ◽  
Hongqi Ai
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Distribution ◽  
Charged Residues ◽  
Folding Dynamics ◽  
Solution Acidity

The seeding region of Aβ42 monomer is jointly affected by the solution acidity, ionic distribution of the salt, and charged residues.

Monitoring the Structural Dynamics of U2 snRNA Via Single-Molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Carl DeHaven
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Conformational Dynamics ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
U2 Snrna ◽  
Folding Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

This thesis contains four topic areas: a review of single-molecule microscropy methods and splicing, conformational dynamics of stem II of the U2 snRNA, the impact of post-transcriptional modifications on U2 snRNA folding dynamics, and preliminary findings on Mango aptamer folding dynamics.

Effect of solution acidity on the crystallization of polychromates in uranyl-bearing systems: synthesis and crystal structures of Rb2[(UO2)(Cr2O7)(NO3)2] and two new polymorphs of Rb2Cr3O10

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Nazarchuk ◽  
Oleg I. Siidra ◽  
Dmitry O. Charkin ◽  
Stepan N. Kalmykov ◽  
Elena L. Kotova
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Screw Axis ◽  
3D Framework ◽  
Solution Acidity

Abstract Three new rubidium polychromates, Rb2[(UO2)(Cr2O7)(NO3)2] (1), γ-Rb2Cr3O10 (2) and δ-Rb2Cr3O10 (3) were prepared by combination of hydrothermal treatment at 220 °C and evaporation of aqueous solutions under ambient conditions. Compound 1 is monoclinic, P 2 1 / c $P{2}_{1}/c$ , a = 13.6542(19), b = 19.698(3), c = 11.6984(17) Å, β = 114.326(2)°, V = 2867.0(7) Å3, R 1 = 0.040; 2 is hexagonal, P 6 3 / m $P{6}_{3}/m$ , a = 11.991(2), c = 12.828(3) Å, γ = 120°, V = 1597.3(5) Å3, R 1 = 0.031; 3 is monoclinic, P 2 1 / n $P{2}_{1}/n$ , a = 7.446(3), b = 18.194(6), c = 7.848(3) Å, β = 99.953(9)°, V = 1047.3(7) Å3, R 1 = 0.037. In the crystal structure of 1, UO8 bipyramids and NO3 groups share edges to form [(UO2)(NO3)2] species which share common corners with dichromate Cr2O7 groups producing novel type of uranyl dichromate chains [(UO2)(Cr2O7)(NO3)2]2−. In the structures of new Rb2Cr3O10 polymorphs, CrO4 tetrahedra share vertices to form Cr3O10 2− species. The trichromate groups are aligned along the 63 screw axis forming channels running in the ab plane in the structure of 2. The Rb cations reside between the channels and in their centers completing the structure. The trichromate anions are linked by the Rb+ cations into a 3D framework in the structure of 3. Effect of solution acidity on the crystallization of polychromates in uranyl-bearing systems is discussed.

scholarly journals Melatonin Successfully Rescues the Hippocampal Molecular Machinery and Enhances Anti-oxidative Activity Following Early-Life Sleep Deprivation Injury

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Hung-Ming Chang ◽  
Hsing-Chun Lin ◽  
Hsin-Lin Cheng ◽  
Chih-Kai Liao ◽  
To-Jung Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ionic Distribution ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Early-life sleep deprivation (ESD) is a serious condition with severe cognitive sequelae. Considering hippocampus plays an essential role in cognitive regulation, the present study aims to determine whether melatonin, a neuroendocrine beard with significant anti-oxidative activity, would greatly depress the hippocampal oxidative stress, improves the molecular machinery, and consequently exerts the neuro-protective effects following ESD. Male weanling Wistar rats (postnatal day 21) were subjected to ESD for three weeks. During this period, the animals were administered normal saline or melatonin (10 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection between 09:00 and 09:30 daily. After three cycles of ESD, the animals were kept under normal sleep/wake cycle until they reached adulthood and were sacrificed. The results indicated that ESD causes long-term effects, such as impairment of ionic distribution, interruption of the expressions of neurotransmitters and receptors, decreases in the levels of several antioxidant enzymes, and impairment of several signaling pathways, which contribute to neuronal death in hippocampal regions. Melatonin administration during ESD prevented these effects. Quantitative evaluation of cells also revealed a higher number of neurons in the melatonin-treated animals when compared with the saline-treated animals. As the hippocampus is critical to cognitive activity, preserving or even improving the hippocampal molecular machinery by melatonin during ESD not only helps us to better understand the underlying mechanisms of ESD-induced neuronal dysfunction, but also the therapeutic use of melatonin to counteract ESD-induced neuronal deficiency.

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