Iron in parasitic protists – from uptake to storage and where we can interfere

Metallomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1335-1347
Author(s):  
Jan Mach ◽  
Robert Sutak
Keyword(s):  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Potential Use

A comprehensive review of iron metabolism in parasitic protists and its potential use as a drug target.

scholarly journals Black soyabean seed coat extract regulates iron metabolism by inhibiting the expression of hepcidin

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingdao Mu ◽  
Aimin Wu ◽  
Peng An ◽  
Xiaoli Du ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Hepcidin Expression ◽  
Fe Homeostasis

Hepcidin, a key regulator of Fe homeostasis, is an ideal drug target for treating patients with Fe disorders such as haemochromatosis, anaemia of chronic inflammation and Fe-deficiency anaemia. However, whether (and how) traditional Chinese black foods (e.g. black soyabeans) target hepcidin and improve Fe-deficiency anaemia remains unclear. Herein, we report that black soyabean seed coat extract (BSSCE) can potently inhibit thein vitroandin vivoexpression of hepcidin. In the present study, in cells treated with 200 μg/ml BSSCE, hepcidin expression was found to be reduced to only 6 % of the control levels (P< 0·01). An AIN-76A diet containing 2 % BSSCE was fed to 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice for 0, 1, 7, 15 or 30 d; importantly, compared with the day 0 group, the day 7 group exhibited nearly a 50 % decrease in hepatic hepcidin expression (P< 0·01), a 35 % decrease in splenic Fe concentrations (P< 0·05) and a 135 % increase in serum Fe concentrations (P< 0·05). Mechanistically, the effect of BSSCE on hepcidin expression was mediated via a reduction in the phosphorylation levels of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog proteins (Smad)1/5/8. Consequently, the mice in the day 30 group exhibited large increases in erythrocyte counts (111 %v.day 0,P< 0·01), Hb concentrations (109 %,P< 0·01) and haematocrit values (108 %,P< 0·01). In conclusion, these results indicate that black soyabean extract regulates Fe metabolism by inhibiting the expression of hepcidin. This finding can be used to optimise the intervention of patients with hepcidin-related diseases, including Fe-deficiency anaemia.

scholarly journals Application of Gold Nanoparticle-Based Materials in Cancer Therapy and Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Vodyashkin ◽  
Marko George Halim Rizk ◽  
Parfait Kezimana ◽  
Anatoly A. Kirichuk ◽  
Yaroslav M. Stanishevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Photosensitizing Agents ◽  
Cancer Medicine ◽  
Legal Constraints ◽  
Therapy And Diagnosis ◽  
Potential Use

Several metal nanoparticles have been developed for medical application. While all have their benefits, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are ideal in cancer therapy and diagnosis as they are chemically inert and minimally toxic. Several studies have shown the potential of AuNPs in the therapeutic field, as photosensitizing agents in sonochemical and photothermal therapy and as drug delivery, as well as in diagnostics and theranostics. Although there is a significant number of reviews on the application of AuNPs in cancer medicine, there is no comprehensive review on their application both in therapy and diagnostics. Therefore, considering the high number of studies on AuNPs’ applications, this review summarizes data on the application of AuNPs in cancer therapy and diagnostics. In addition, we looked at the influence of AuNPs’ shape and size on their biological properties. We also present the potential use of hybrid materials based on AuNPs in sonochemical and photothermal therapy and the possibility of their use in diagnostics. Despite their potential, the use of AuNPs and derivatives in cancer medicine still has some limitations. In this review, we provide an overview of the biological, physicochemical, and legal constraints on using AuNPs in cancer medicine.

scholarly journals The development of biomass-derived carbon-based photocatalysts for the visible-light-driven photodegradation of pollutants: a comprehensive review

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
pp. 30574-30596
Author(s):  
Bui Thanh Son ◽  
Nguyen Viet Long ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nhat Hang
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Carbon Based

This review highlights recent advances relating to the synthesis of biomass-derived carbon-based photocatalysts in light of their potential use in the photodegradation of various pollutants.

Update on the biological relevance of lysine acetylation as a novel drug target in trypanosomatids

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martinez Peralta ◽  
Esteban Serra ◽  
Victoria Lucia Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Lysine Acetylation ◽  
Nuclear Compartment ◽  
Biological Relevance ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Potential Use

: The number of acetylated proteins identified from bacteria to mammals has grown exponentially in the last ten years and it is now accepted that acetylation is a key component in most eukaryotic signaling pathways, as important as phosphorylation. The enzymes involved in this process are well described in mammals; acetyltransferases and deacetylases are found inside and outside the nuclear compartment and have different regulatory functions. In trypanosomatids several of these enzymes have been described and are postulated to be novel antiparasitic targets for the rational design of drugs. In this review article we present an update of the most important known acetylated proteins in trypanosomatids analyzing the acetylomes available. Also, we summarize the information available regarding acetyltransferases and deacetylases in trypanosomes and their potential use as chemotherapeutic targets.

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