scholarly journals Direct current electric field regulates endothelial permeability under physiologically relevant fluid forces in a microfluidic vessel bifurcation model

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth Mohana Sundaram ◽  
Kaushik K. Rangharajan ◽  
Ehsan Akbari ◽  
Tanner J. Hadick ◽  
Jonathan W. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Fluid Forces ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Current Electric Field

In vitro model for blood vessel on-chip reporting on the use of direct current electric fields (DC-EFs) to regulate vascular endothelial permeability, which is important for tissue regeneration and wound healing.

Nonlinear whistler wave – electron interaction in the presence of direct current electric fields

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-482
Author(s):  
I. M. L. Das ◽  
R. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Finite Amplitude ◽  
Angular Frequency ◽  
Whistler Wave ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Current Electric Field

The nonlinear interaction between an electron and a whistler wave propagating in a magnetoplasma has been studied and expressions for the resonance velocity, equilibrium relative phase angle, and the angular frequency of amplitude oscillations have been derived, taking into account the finite amplitude of the whistler wave, direct current electric field, and medium inhomogeneity. The parallel electric field and inhomogeneity cause detrapping of the particles.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis the performance of electrochemical water softening between high frequency electric fields and direct current electric fields based on orthogonal experimental methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 1677-1690
Author(s):  
Wei Lin ◽  
Zhonghao Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Jianmin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Water Softening ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
High Frequency Electric Field ◽  
Hardness Removal ◽  
Current Electric Field

Abstract Electrochemical water softening has been widely used in industrial circulating cooling water systems; however, their low deposition efficiency is the main drawback that limits usage in medium to large enterprises. In this work, the effect of different parameters on the hardness removal efficiency and energy consumption of the electrochemical water softening system is experimentally studied, and the performance of water softening applied by high frequency electric fields and direct current electric fields are comparative analyzed. The impact factors of the electrochemical water softening system are as follows: initial feed concentration of solute, magnitude of voltage, inter-electrode distance, area of cathode and frequency of power supply. To improve the analysis efficiency, the L25 (55) orthogonal table is used to investigate the five different factors at five levels. The experimental results are shown that the initial feed concentration of solute is the most significant factor affecting the hardness removal efficiency. The optimal combination for water softening in the group applied by high frequency electric field and direct current electric field are A3B2C1D4E3 and A2B5C3D1 respectively. The energy utilization of the device applied by high frequency electric field is 3.2 times that applied by direct current electric field. The practice shows that direct current electric fields have a better softening effect, and are is more suitable for scaling ion removal. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to observe the flow field induced by the electrolysis and found that the vertical and horizontal velocities of the flow field at low voltage are conducive to the migration of scaled ions to the cathode, and then the electrolytic reaction and deposition reaction synergy effect is the optimal.

The influence of alternating current and direct current electric fields on the rheological behavior of electrorheological fluids with particles of the different crystalline structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Evguenia Korobko ◽  
Leonid Makhnach ◽  
Zoya Novikova ◽  
Inga Kharlamova ◽  
Katya Novik
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Electrorheological Fluids ◽  
Dielectric Characteristics ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Alternating Electric Fields ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Current Electric Field

The rheological behavior of electrorheological fluids with dispersed fillers whose particles have different crystalline structures is investigated in direct and alternating electric fields. The dielectric characteristics of the materials were measured and the influence of the strength, frequency, and shape of the signal of electric field was investigated, and the influence of temperature on the shear stress in electrorheological fluids was estimated in direct current electric field.

Kinetics of colloidal deposition, assembly, and crystallization in steady electric fields

Soft Matter ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 3599-3611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Ferrar ◽  
Michael J. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Colloidal Spheres ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Colloidal Deposition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Current Electric Field

We quantify and model the deposition and crystallization kinetics of initially dilute colloidal spheres due to application of a steady, direct current electric field in the thin gap between parallel electrodes.

scholarly journals Direct-Current Electric Field Distribution in the Brain for Tumor Treating Field Applications: A Simulation Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Shin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Current Electric Field

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy have been clinically reported to provide prolonged overall survival in glioblastoma patients. Alternating electric fields with frequencies of 100~300 kHz and magnitudes of 1~3 V/cm are shown to suppress the growth of cancer cells via interactions with polar molecules within dividing cells. Since it is difficult to directly measure the electric fields inside the brain, simulation models of the human head provide a useful tool for predicting the electric field distribution. In the present study, a three-dimensional finite element head model consisting of the scalp, the skull, the dura, the cerebrospinal fluid, and the brain was built to study the electric field distribution under various applied potentials and electrode configurations. For simplicity, a direct-current electric field was used in the simulation. The total power dissipation and temperature elevation due to Joule heating in different head tissues were also evaluated. Based on the results, some guidelines are obtained in designing the electrode configuration for personalized glioblastoma electrotherapy.

Direct measurement of the characteristic three-body electron attachment time in the atmospheric air in direct current electric field

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 034106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Shutov ◽  
I. V. Smetanin ◽  
A. A. Ionin ◽  
A. O. Levchenko ◽  
L. V. Seleznev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Current Electric Field

Combustion of ethanol fuel droplet in vertical direct current electric field

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 2005-2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Imamura ◽  
B. Chen ◽  
S. Nishida ◽  
K. Yamashita ◽  
M. Tsue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Fuel Droplet ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Current Electric Field

In vitro release of vascular endothelial growth factor during platelet aggregation

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. H1054-H1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Maloney ◽  
Christopher C. Silliman ◽  
Daniel R. Ambruso ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Rubin M. Tuder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vessel Injury ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Platelet aggregation is a cardinal feature of both vascular repair and vascular disease. During aggregation platelets release a variety of vasoactive substances; some of these promote angiogenesis, endothelial permeability, and endothelial growth, actions shared by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that VEGF is released by aggregating platelets. We found that VEGF was secreted during the in vitro aggregation of platelet-rich plasma induced by thrombin, collagen, epinephrine, and ADP (range 23–518 pg VEGF/ml). Furthermore, serum VEGF levels were elevated compared with plasma (230 ± 63 vs. 38 ± 8 pg VEGF/ml), indicative of VEGF release during whole blood coagulation. Lysates of apheresed, leukocyte-poor platelet units contained significant amounts of VEGF (2.4 ± 0.8 pg VEGF/mg protein). VEGF message and protein were also present in a megakaryocytic cell line (Dami cell). These results suggest constitutive roles for platelet VEGF in the repair of intimal vessel injury and in the altered permeability and intimal proliferation seen at sites of platelet aggregation and thrombosis.

Estrogens modulate bovine vascular endothelial cell permeability and HSP 25 expression concomitantly

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. H1011-H1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Delarue ◽  
S. Daunes ◽  
R. Elhage ◽  
A. Garcia ◽  
F. Bayard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Macromolecular Transport

The atheroprotective properties of estrogens are supported by clinical data from postmenopausal women who use estrogen replacement therapy. However, the mechanisms mediating activity remain unknown, and it has been suggested that estrogens may help to modulate endothelial permeability to atherogenic lipoproteins. In these studies we used bovine vascular endothelial cells as an in vitro model to show that estrogens were able to regulate low-density lipoprotein transport and permeability of the endothelial monolayer. Macromolecular transport was observed to be a second-order polynomial function of estrogen concentration. Moreover, this regulation was correlated with expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 25, which is known to influence fluid phase pinocytosis and cytoskeleton remodeling, thus suggesting a role for HSP 25 in the estrogenic control of transcellular permeability of the endothelium monolayer.

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