Standardization of an external (in air) PIGE methodology using tantalum as a current normalizer in conjunction with INAA for rapid and non-destructive chemical characterization of “as-received” glass fragments towards forensic applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sharma ◽  
R. Acharya ◽  
Hemlata K. Bagla ◽  
P. K. Pujari
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Destructive Analysis ◽  
Automobile Glass ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
A Current

Rapid automobile glass forensics by non-destructive analysis of “as-received” samples by external (in-air) PIGE for low Z elements with tantalum as a current normalizer and INAA for minor and trace elements using reactor neutrons.

Handheld Portable Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF)

2016 ◽  
pp. 362-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Holmqvist
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Handheld portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry is used for non-destructive chemical characterization of archaeological ceramics. Portable XRF can provide adequate analytical sensitivity to discriminate geochemically distinct ceramic pastes, and to identify compositional clusters that correlate with data patterns acquired by NAA or other high sensitivity techniques. However, successful non-destructive analysis of unprepared inhomogeneous ceramic samples requires matrix-defined scientific protocols to control matrix effects which reduce the sensitivity and precision of the instrumentation. Quantification of the measured fluorescence intensities into absolute concentration values and detection of light elements is encumbered by the lack of matrix matched calibration and proper vacuum facilities. Nevertheless, semi-quantitative values for a limited range of high Z elements can be generated. Unstandardized results are difficult to validate by others, and decreased analytical resolution of non-destructive surface analysis may disadvantage site-specific sourcing, jeopardize correct group assignments, and lead to under-interpretation of ceramic craft and production systems.

Beyond Death: Forensic Investigations of pre-Columbian Mummies from the Tarapacá Valley, Chile, Using Variable Pressure SEM and Raman Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Prikhodko ◽  
C. Fischer ◽  
R. Boytner ◽  
M. C. Lozada ◽  
M. Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Non Destructive

Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) coupled with other non-destructive analytical methods, such as energy dispersive (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) offers new capabilities for non-invasive imaging and chemical characterization of archaeological materials. This article underlines the application of VPSEM-EDS-RS on bioarchaeological specimens of pre-Columbian mummies from the Tarapacá Valley in northern Chile. The aim of the scientific investigations is to identify nonanatomical features and to provide qualitative and quantitative information at molecular levels, complementing the morphological record from studies in physical anthropology, in an effort to understand mortuary practices in the Tarapacá Valley and the effects of the burial environment in the preservation of mummified human remains.

Durability of a ventilated stone facade: A case study of a limestone facade affected by the corrosion of the anchorage system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Pires de Almeida Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Concrete Walls ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Walls ◽  
Correct Execution ◽  
Anchoring System ◽  
Ventilated Facade ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>The mechanical behavior of a natural stone ventilated facade is inevitably based on the correct execution of both anchoring elements, stone cladding and enclosure support, either with brick masonry walls or reinforced concrete walls. In the case studied in the present work, the origin of the damages on the facade of a building located in Lisbon has been analyzed, where stone detachments were starting to occur. This enclosure is a ventilated facade cladded with Portuguese limestone Lioz slabs. Non-destructive borescope analysis of the metallic anchoring system employed was performed, as well as X-Ray fluorescence laboratory analysis (FRX) for chemical characterization of the anchoring material. Results obtained demonstrated the problem cause on the stone facade due to incorrect metallic anchoring selection and poor execution combined with stress corrosion effect, especially for slabs with larger dimensions.</p>

Characterization of a Lignite Ash from the METC Gasifier III. Correlations of Leaching Behavior and Mineralogy

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hassett ◽  
G. J. McCarthy ◽  
K. R. Henke ◽  
E. D. Korynta
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Technology Center ◽  
Synthetic Groundwater

AbstractLignite gasification ash from the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) gasifier was subiected to two short-term leaching treatments. The cnncentrations of regulated elements in the EPA EP procedure leachate from the bulk METC ash did not exceed the “EP Trigger Limits.” A modification of this procedure that uses a basic synthetic groundwater instead of the acid EP extractant was also performed on the bulk ash and its eleven size fractions. Water equilibria modeling was used to explain the concentrations of major elements in solution. Corcentrations of minor and trace elements in solution after leaching with synthetic groundwater were also below “EP Trigger Limits.”

3D Chemical Characterization of Micron-Sized Coal Fly Ash Particles

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Linton ◽  
Scott R. Bryan ◽  
X. B. Cox ◽  
Dieter P. Griffis
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Profiling ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
3D Analysis

The surface layers on coal fly ash particles are of special environmental interest in that concentration enrichments of trace elements may occur [1], thereby enhancing the potential bioavailability of toxic species. Little research, however, has been devoted to the analytical characterization of intraparticle and interparticle distributions of trace elements. The high detection sensitivity, spatial resolution, and depth profiling capabilities of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), coupled to digital image acquisition and processing [2], permit three-dimensional (3D) compositional maps for collections of individual micron-sized particles. The 3D analysis of trace element distributions in coal fly ash particles is the subject of this SIMS investigation

Characterization of a potato reference material for major, minor and trace elements

1988 ◽  
Vol 332 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorma Kumpulainen ◽  
Maija Paakki ◽  
Raija Tahvonen
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements

Chemical characterization of bioactive peptides from in vivo digests of casein

1989 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Meisel ◽  
Herman Frister
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Opiate Receptor ◽  
Opioid Peptide ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Opioid Activity

SummaryThe in vivo formation of biologically active caseinopeptides was studied. It was proved that bioactive peptides were released in the small intestine of minipigs in the course of luminal digestion of diets containing bovine casein. An opioid peptide and a phosphopeptide were isolated from jejunal chyme and were chemically characterized. The opioid peptide has been identified as a fragment of β-casein (60–70). This peptide, named β-casomorphin-ll, displayed substantial opioid activity in an opiate receptor-binding assay. The caseinophosphopeptide has been shown to be a fragment of αs1-casein (66–74). Casein-derived phosphopeptides exhibit a potent ability to form soluble complexes with Ca and trace elements. Evidence exists that casomorphins and caseinophosphopeptides participate in the regulation of nutrient entry.

Facility for non-destructive analysis for major and trace elements using neutron-capture gamma-ray spectrometry

1981 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Anderson ◽  
M. P. Failey ◽  
W. H. Zoller ◽  
W. B. Walters ◽  
G. E. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Destructive Analysis ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Characterization of medieval-like glass alteration layers by laser spectroscopy and nonlinear optical microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Oujja ◽  
Teresa Palomar ◽  
Marina Martínez-Weinbaum ◽  
Sagrario Martínez-Ramírez ◽  
Marta Castillejo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Microscopy ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Ft Raman

AbstractHistorical glass-based objects undergo, since the time of their manufacture, different degradation phenomena that are related to their composition and to the environment to which they were exposed. Three-dimensional (3D) structural and chemical characterization of the degradation layers is important to select the most adequate conservation strategies for glass objects. Optical microscopy (OM) is the most frequently used non-destructive method to examine the surface of historical glasses; however, the 3D structural assessment of alteration layers requires applying the destructive modality of this technique to conduct a cross-sectional study. In this work, a different approach for structural and compositional characterization of alteration layers on model medieval-like glasses is presented, based on the combination of the laser spectroscopies of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and FT-Raman, and the emerging, cutting edge technique of nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) in the modality of multiphoton excitation fluorescence (MPEF). The results obtained through this multi-analytical photonic approach were compared with those retrieved by examination of the surface and cross sections of the samples by OM and scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). While the combination of LIBS, LIF and FT-Raman served to assess the composition of the various alteration layers, the use of MPEF microscopy allowed the non-destructive determination of the thicknesses of these layers, showing for both thickness and composition a good agreement with the OM and SEM–EDS results. Thus, the proposed approach, which avoids sample preparation, illustrates the capability of non-destructive, or micro-destructive in the case of LIBS, laser spectroscopies and microscopies for the in situ study of glass objects of historic or/and artistic value. Graphic Abstract

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