Assessment of elemental fractionation and matrix effects during in situ Rb–Sr dating of phlogopite by LA-ICP-MS/MS: implications for the accuracy and precision of mineral ages

Author(s):  
Ahmad Redaa ◽  
Juraj Farkaš ◽  
Sarah Gilbert ◽  
Alan S. Collins ◽  
Ben Wade ◽  
...  

The effect of physical/chemical properties and Rb/Sr elemental fractionation on the accuracy of in situ Rb–Sr dating via LA-ICP-MS/MS.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Leventis ◽  
Thomas Zack ◽  
Iain Pitcairn ◽  
Johan Högmalm

<p>The Pontiac subprovince consists of metaturbidites, plutons and thin ultramafic rock layers of Archean age and lies south of the Cadillac-Larder Lake (C-LL) fault zone which is the boundary between the Pontiac and the extensively mineralized Abitibi Greenstone Belt. The sediments show a Barrovian metamorphic gradient which increases southwards, away from the C-LL fault. The most likely tectonic provenance for the Pontiac sedimentary rocks is that they represent a relic accretionary prism with material derived from both the Abitibi and an older terrane. Zircon U-Pb dating shows that deposition occurred not later than 2685±3 Ma ago and recent, robust Lu-Hf dating of garnets bracketed Pontiac's peak metamorphic conditions at 2658±4 Ma. For this study we used a recently developed LA-ICP-MS/MS method for in-situ Rb-Sr dating of biotite and plagioclase in samples ranging in metamorphic grade (biotite to sillimanite zones) from the Pontiac subprovince. Calibration of the instrument was achieved by repeated ablations on several reference materials (see Hogmalm et al. 2017) which also provided the monitoring of accuracy and precision throughout the analyses. Results show a range in dates between 2550 Ma and 2200 Ma with an average of 2440±50 Ma (2σ). Samples from the staurolite and kyanite zones have a larger range with respect to the other zones, but no significant differences are observed in the data with any method of data handing. These dates are ≈300Ma younger than the peak metamorphism in the area and this is attributed to either overgrowth and re-setting of the Rb-Sr system by a second metamorphic/hydrothermal event, or diffusional resetting with core-rim age variations. Possible influence from the adjacent late syntectonic to post-tectonic monzodiorite-monzonite-granodiorite-syenite (MMGS) plutons dated 2671±4 Ma and the garnet-muscovite-granite series (GMG) dated ≈2650 Ma cannot be ruled out. This study provides insights about the metamorphic history of the sequence and supports previous findings regarding resetting of some isotopic systems with relatively low closure temperatures (≈350-400°C) by later thermal events.</p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 1085 ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Rasskazova ◽  
Darya Lytkina ◽  
Yelena Shapovalova ◽  
Vladimir V. Botvin ◽  
Maksim A. Pozdnyakov ◽  
...  

A new methodin situfor producing of biocompatible composites based on hydroxyapatite and oligomers of lactic and glycolic acid is described. Their thermo-mechanical, physical-chemical and biological properties are studied as well. The formation of bonds between hydroxyapatite with lactic and glycolic oligomers in composites are confirmed by IR spectroscopy of the samples, including those obtained in the Soxhlet apparatus. The formation of calcium-phosphate layer on the composite's surface containing hydroxyapatite was shown by SBF-investigation. The scaffolds based on lactic acid oligomer do not stimulate formation of a calcium-phosphate layer and they are subjected to destruction by the way of hydrolysis.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Eustáquio Dias Amorim ◽  
Monica Elizetti Freitas ◽  
Francisco Javier Rios ◽  
Tatiana Aparecida Fernandes de Lima

Melt Inclusions (MI) são pequenas porções do fundido magmático formador da rocha que durante o processo de cristalizaçãoficaram aprisionadas em irregularidades dos minerais. Suas formas são muito variadas e refletem sua maturação após aprisionamento. Adistribuição das MI depende do mineral hospedeiro: pode ser irregular (na olivina e clinopiroxênio), acompanhar as linhas de crescimento(no plagioclásio) ou estar associada a irregularidades no crescimento dos cristais (como no quartzo). Se as MI se comportaram como umsistema fechado, ficando protegidas de perdas ou alterações durante a ascensão do magma até chegar à superfície, elas constituem umaferramenta poderosa para a reconstituição das características do magma no momento do seu aprisionamento. Por esta razão, as MI têmsido usadas em estudos petrológicos e petrogenéticos de sistemas magmáticos, ou ainda para a compreensão dos processos responsáveispela mineralização em depósitos magmáticos hidrotermais. O estudo de MI permite a obtenção, de forma direta, de dados composicionaise físico-químicos do fundido magmático no estágio de cristalização do mineral hospedeiro. Com o objetivo de difundir essa técnicaapresentam-se nesse artigo as etapas para o desenvolvimento e implementação de metodologia para a execução de um estudo padrão deMI. A metodologia apresentada se baseia na identificação petrográfica, uso de platina de ultra-aquecimento, microssonda eletrônica e LAICP-MS. Essas técnicas quando combinadas, permitem a obtenção dos dados composicionais, físico-químicos e genéticos de modoconfiável e reprodutível, sendo por isso escolhidas para serem descritas nesse artigo. Dessa forma, espera-se que este seja apenas o iníciodo desenvolvimento de uma série de pesquisas utilizando as MI para a compreensão de processos petrogenéticos e metalogenéticos no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Melt Inclusions, rochas magmáticas, aplicações, técnicas de estudo. ABSTRACTMELT INCLUSIONS: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND STUDY TECHNIQUES - Melt inclusions are portions of the melt from whichrock was formed, which was entrapped in the crystal irregularities during rock crystallization. Their shapes are varied and reflect theirmaturity after imprisonment. The distribution of MI depends on the mineral host: can be irregular (in olivine and clinopyroxene), follow thelines of growth (in plagioclase) or be associated with irregularities in the crystal growth (as in quartz). If the MI behaved as a closed system,protected from getting lost or alteration during the ascent of magma to reach the surface, they are a powerful tool for recovery ofcharacteristics of the magma at the time of its imprisonment. For this reason, the MI have been used in petrological and petrogeneticstudies on magmatic systems, or even to understand the processes responsible for mineralization in magmatic-hydrothermal deposits. Thestudy of MI allows directly obtaining compositional data and physical-chemical properties of the molten magma at the stage ofcrystallization of host mineral. Aiming to spread this technique, this paper presents the steps for the development and implementation of amethodology for a standard study of MI. The methodology presented is based on petrographic identification, use of ultra- heating stage,electron microprobe and LA-ICP-MS. These techniques represent the best and most widespread that combined allow to obtain reliably andreproducibly compositional, physical-chemical and genetic data, and are therefore chosen to be described in this article. Thus, it isexpected that this is only the beginning of the development of a series of research using the MI for the understanding of petrogenetic andmetallogenetic process in Brazil.Keywords: Melt inclusions, magmatic rocks, applications, study techniques.


2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2469-2480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora C. Wohlgemuth-Ueberwasser ◽  
Klaus Peter Jochum

We evaluate fractionation effects in sulfides applying ns- and fs-LA-ICP-MS and find that elemental fractionation is independent of melting.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aratz Beranoaguirre ◽  
Iuliana Vasiliev ◽  
Axel Gerdes

<p>Recent developments on analytical capabilities in the field of in-situ laser ablation mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) have expanded the applications of U-Pb geochronometers in low-U minerals such as carbonates (Roberts et al. 2020) or garnets (Millonig et al., 2020). The rapid development of the technique requires well-characterized, matrix-matched reference materials, which are essential for ion probes or LA-ICPMS due to potential matrix effects. However, given the unavailability of standards for some minerals, the use of non-matrix-matched standards, i.e. reference materials that are different to the sample, have been also addressed (Piccione et al., 2019).</p><p>In this contribution, we explored the possibility of using carbonate reference materials for in-situ U-Pb dating of sulphates. For that purpose, we selected samples from the Messinian Salinity Crisis because their ages are well established by cyclostratigraphy and thus can be compared with ages obtained by LA-ICPMS analysis. Data was acquired using a RESOLution 193 nm ArF excimer laser coupled to a (I) sector field ICP-MS (ElementXR) or (II) multicollector ICP-MS (Neptune Plus).</p><p>The majority of the samples (27 out of 32) failed due to the elevated common-Pb content and low <sup>238</sup>U/<sup>204</sup>Pb ratios. Nevertheless, five of the samples showed greater amounts of U and U/Pb ratios of up to 600; therefore, regression lines could be drawn and ages are calculated with 5-10 % of uncertainty. These ages obtained are within error of the cyclostratigraphic ages already published (Vasiliev et al., 2017).</p><p> </p><p>Millonig et al., (2020) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 552, 116589; Piccione et al. (2019) Geosphere 15 (6), 1958– 1972; Roberts et al. (2020) Geochronology 2, 33–61; Vasiliev et al. (2017) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 471, 120-133.</p>


Author(s):  
E.D. Boyes ◽  
P.L. Gai ◽  
D.B. Darby ◽  
C. Warwick

The extended crystallographic defects introduced into some oxide catalysts under operating conditions may be a consequence and accommodation of the changes produced by the catalytic activity, rather than always being the origin of the reactivity. Operation without such defects has been established for the commercially important tellurium molybdate system. in addition it is clear that the point defect density and the electronic structure can both have a significant influence on the chemical properties and hence on the effectiveness (activity and selectivity) of the material as a catalyst. SEM/probe techniques more commonly applied to semiconductor materials, have been investigated to supplement the information obtained from in-situ environmental cell HVEM, ultra-high resolution structure imaging and more conventional AEM and EPMA chemical microanalysis.


1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Oliver ◽  
Klaus L.E. Kaiser

Abstract The concent rat ions of hexachloroethane (HCE), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), pentachlorobenzene (QCB), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and octachlorostyrene (OCS) in large volume water samples show that the major sources of these chemicals to the St. Clair River are Dow Chemical Company effluents and, to a lesser degree, Sarnia’s Township ditch which drains one of Dow’s waste disposal sites. Tributaries entering the river on both sides of the Canada/United States border contain measurable concentrations of these chemicals indicating low level contamination throughout the area. The degree of water/suspended sediment partitioning of the chemicals (Kp) was studied. Kp values for the individual chemicals changed in a manner consistent with changes in their physical-chemical properties.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1340-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnurengam M. Sivakumar ◽  
Matin Islami ◽  
Ali Zarrabi ◽  
Arezoo Khosravi ◽  
Shohreh Peimanfard

Background and objective: Graphene-based nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique physical-chemical properties including two-dimensional planar structure, large surface area, chemical and mechanical stability, superconductivity and good biocompatibility. On the other hand, graphene-based nanomaterials have been explored as theranostics agents, the combination of therapeutics and diagnostics. In recent years, grafting hydrophilic polymer moieties have been introduced as an efficient approach to improve the properties of graphene-based nanomaterials and obtain new nanoassemblies for cancer therapy. Methods and results: This review would illustrate biodistribution, cellular uptake and toxicity of polymergraphene nanoassemblies and summarize part of successes achieved in cancer treatment using such nanoassemblies. Conclusion: The observations showed successful targeting functionality of the polymer-GO conjugations and demonstrated a reduction of the side effects of anti-cancer drugs for normal tissues.


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