scholarly journals Needles in haystacks: using fast-response LA chambers and ICP-TOF-MS to identify asbestos fibres in malignant mesothelioma models

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2231-2238
Author(s):  
Calum J. Greenhalgh ◽  
Oana M. Voloaca ◽  
Phil Shaw ◽  
Ariane Donard ◽  
Laura M. Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Asbestos Fibre ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tof Ms

A prototype time-of-flight mass spectrometer and prototype laser ablation chamber have been used together for the first time, providing differentiation between three forms of harmful asbestos fibre in biological samples.

scholarly journals Direct Chemical Analysis of Solids by Laser Ablation in an Ion Storage Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1249-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Klunder ◽  
Patrick M. Grant ◽  
Brian D. Andresen ◽  
Richard E. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Ion Storage

scholarly journals Laser ablation aerosol particle time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LAAPTOF): performance, reference spectra and classification of atmospheric samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2325-2343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Shen ◽  
Ramakrishna Ramisetty ◽  
Claudia Mohr ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Thomas Leisner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Aerosol Particle ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer

Abstract. The laser ablation aerosol particle time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LAAPTOF, AeroMegt GmbH) is able to identify the chemical composition and mixing state of individual aerosol particles, and thus is a tool for elucidating their impacts on human health, visibility, ecosystem, and climate. The overall detection efficiency (ODE) of the instrument we use was determined to range from  ∼  (0.01 ± 0.01) to  ∼  (4.23 ± 2.36) % for polystyrene latex (PSL) in the size range of 200 to 2000 nm,  ∼  (0.44 ± 0.19) to  ∼  (6.57 ± 2.38) % for ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and  ∼  (0.14 ± 0.02) to  ∼  (1.46 ± 0.08) % for sodium chloride (NaCl) particles in the size range of 300 to 1000 nm. Reference mass spectra of 32 different particle types relevant for atmospheric aerosol (e.g. pure compounds NH4NO3, K2SO4, NaCl, oxalic acid, pinic acid, and pinonic acid; internal mixtures of e.g. salts, secondary organic aerosol, and metallic core–organic shell particles; more complex particles such as soot and dust particles) were determined. Our results show that internally mixed aerosol particles can result in spectra with new clusters of ions, rather than simply a combination of the spectra from the single components. An exemplary 1-day ambient data set was analysed by both classical fuzzy clustering and a reference-spectra-based classification method. Resulting identified particle types were generally well correlated. We show how a combination of both methods can greatly improve the interpretation of single-particle data in field measurements.

scholarly journals Organic aerosol source apportionment in Zurich using an extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF-MS) – Part 2: Biomass burning influences in winter

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 8037-8062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Qi ◽  
Mindong Chen ◽  
Giulia Stefenelli ◽  
Veronika Pospisilova ◽  
Yandong Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract. Real-time, in situ molecular composition measurements of the organic fraction of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) remain challenging, hindering a full understanding of the climate impacts and health effects of PM2.5. In particular, the thermal decomposition and ionization-induced fragmentation affecting current techniques has limited a detailed investigation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which typically dominates OA. Here we deploy a novel extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF-MS) during winter 2017 in downtown Zurich, Switzerland, which overcomes these limitations, together with an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-TOF-AMS) and supporting instrumentation. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) implemented within the Multilinear Engine (ME-2) program was applied to the EESI-TOF-MS data to quantify the primary and secondary contributions to OA. An 11-factor solution was selected as the best representation of the data, including five primary and six secondary factors. Primary factors showed influence from cooking, cigarette smoke, biomass burning (two factors) and a special local unknown event occurred only during two nights. Secondary factors were affected by biomass burning (three factors, distinguished by temperature and/or wind direction), organonitrates, monoterpene oxidation, and undetermined regional processing, in particular the contributions of wood combustion. While the AMS attributed slightly over half the OA mass to SOA but did not identify its source, the EESI-TOF-MS showed that most (>70 %) of the SOA was derived from biomass burning. Together with significant contributions from less aged biomass burning factors identified by both AMS and EESI-TOF-MS, this firmly establishes biomass burning as the single most important contributor to OA mass at this site during winter. High correlation was obtained between EESI-TOF-MS and AMS PMF factors where specific analogues existed, as well as between total signal and POA–SOA apportionment. This suggests the EESI-TOF-MS apportionment in the current study can be approximately taken at face value, despite ion-by-ion differences in relative sensitivity. The apportionment of specific ions measured by the EESI-TOF-MS (e.g., levoglucosan, nitrocatechol, and selected organic acids) and utilization of a cluster analysis-based approach to identify key marker ions for the EESI-TOF-MS factors are investigated. The interpretability of the EESI-TOF-MS results and improved source separation relative to the AMS within this pilot campaign validate the EESI-TOF-MS as a promising approach to source apportionment and atmospheric composition research.

scholarly journals Organic aerosol source apportionment in Zurich using an extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF-MS) – Part 1: Biogenic influences and day–night chemistry in summer

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 14825-14848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Stefenelli ◽  
Veronika Pospisilova ◽  
Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker ◽  
Kaspar R. Daellenbach ◽  
Christoph Hüglin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract. Improving the understanding of the health and climate impacts of aerosols remains challenging and is restricted by the limitations of current measurement techniques. Detailed investigation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is typically the dominating fraction of the organic aerosol (OA), requires instrumentation capable of real-time, in situ measurements of molecular composition. In this study, we present the first ambient measurements by a novel extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF-MS). The EESI-TOF-MS was deployed along with a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) during summer 2016 at an urban location (Zurich, Switzerland). Positive matrix factorization (PMF), implemented within the Multilinear Engine (ME-2), was applied to the data from both instruments to quantify the primary and secondary contributions to OA. From the EESI-TOF-MS analysis, a six-factor solution was selected as the most representative and interpretable solution for the investigated dataset, including two primary and four secondary factors. The primary factors are dominated by cooking and cigarette smoke signatures while the secondary factors are discriminated according to their daytime (two factors) and night-time (two factors) chemistry. All four factors showed strong influence by biogenic emissions but exhibited significant day–night differences. Factors dominating during daytime showed predominantly ions characteristic of monoterpene and sesquiterpene oxidation while the night-time factors included less oxygenated terpene oxidation products, as well as organonitrates which were likely derived from NO3 radical oxidation of monoterpenes. Overall, the signal measured by the EESI-TOF-MS and AMS showed a good correlation. Further, the two instruments were in excellent agreement in terms of both the mass contribution apportioned to the sum of POA and SOA factors and the total SOA signal. However, while the oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) factors separated by AMS analysis exhibited a flat diurnal pattern, the EESI-TOF-MS factors illustrated significant chemical variation throughout the day. The captured variability, inaccessible from AMS PMF analysis, was shown to be consistent with the variations in the physiochemical processes influencing chemical composition and SOA formation. The improved source separation and interpretability of EESI-TOF-MS results suggest it to be a promising approach to source apportionment and atmospheric composition research.

scholarly journals Technical Note: Performance of Chemical Ionization Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CIR-TOF-MS) for the measurement of atmospherically significant oxygenated volatile organic compounds

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Wyche ◽  
R. S. Blake ◽  
A. M. Ellis ◽  
P. S. Monks ◽  
T. Brauers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Ionization ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Ionization Reaction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract. The performance of a new chemical ionization reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (CIR-TOF-MS) utilising the environment chamber SAPHIR (Simulation of Atmospheric Photochemistry In a large Reaction Chamber- Forschungzentrum Jülich, Germany) is described. The work took place as part of the ACCENT (Atmospheric Composition and Change the European NeTwork for excellence) supported oxygenated volatile organic compound (OVOC) measurement intercomparison during January 2005. The experiment entailed the measurement of 14 different atmospherically significant OVOCs at various mixing ratios in the approximate range 10.0–0.6 ppbV. The CIR-TOF-MS operated throughout the exercise with the hydronium ion (H3O+) as the primary chemical ionization (CI) reagent in order to facilitate proton transfer to the analyte OVOCs. The results presented show that the CIR time-of-flight mass spectrometer is capable of detecting a wide range of atmospheric OVOCs at mixing ratios of around 10 ppbV in "real-time" (i.e. detection on the one-minute time scale), with sub-ppbV measurement also achieved following an increase in averaging time to tens of minutes. It is shown that in general OVOC measurement is made with high accuracy and precision, with integration time, mixing ratio and compound dependent values as good as 4–13% and 3–15% respectively. It is demonstrated that CIR-TOF-MS has rapid multi-channel response at the required sensitivity, accuracy and precision for atmospheric OVOC measurement.

Quantifying and improving the performance of the Laser Ablation Aerosol Particle Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (LAAPToF) instrument

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Zawadowicz ◽  
Sara Lance ◽  
John T. Jayne ◽  
Philip Croteau ◽  
Douglas R. Worsnop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Aerosol Particle ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer

Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (TOF-MS)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kermit K. Murray ◽  
Robert K. Boyd ◽  
Marcos N. Eberlin ◽  
G. John Langley ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Tof Ms
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