A review on key design and operational parameters to optimize and develop hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass for biorefinery applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1404-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alper Basar ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Helene Carrere ◽  
Eric Trably ◽  
Cigdem Eskicioglu
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Liquefaction Process

This paper summarizes the existing hydrothermal liquefaction process literature and reveals the effect of process parameters on the bio-crude yield.

Effect of process parameters on hydrothermal liquefaction of waste furniture sawdust for bio-oil production

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 41772-41780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Jindal ◽  
Mithilesh Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquefaction Process

This work demonstrates the valorization of waste furniture sawdust into bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction process using a high pressure batch reactor.

scholarly journals Circumventing Unintended Impacts of Waste N95 Facemask Generated during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Conceptual Design Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Oseweuba Valentine Okoro ◽  
Adjoa Nkrumah Banson ◽  
Hongxia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Liquefaction Process ◽  
Waste Conversion

The global crisis arising from the current COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a surge in the magnitude of global waste from used Personal Protective Equipment with special emphasis on waste N95 facemask. Creative approaches are therefore required to resolve the surging facemask waste disposal issue in an economical and environmentally friendly manner. In an attempt to resolve the evolving global waste challenge, the present study has assessed the economic and environmental performances of converting N95 facemasks to steam and electricity via a combined heat and power plant, to ethanol via a syngas fermentation process, and to an energy-dense gasoline-like oil product via a hydrothermal liquefaction process. These processes were assessed using “conceptual” process models developed using ASPEN plus as the process simulation tool. Economic and environment assessments were undertaken using net present values (NPVs) and the rate of potential environmental impacts (PEIs) respectively, as sufficient performance measures. Therefore, the present study was able to establish that the conversion of waste N95 facemask to syngas prior to a fermentation process for ethanol production constituted the least economical and least environmental friendly process with a negative NPV and the highest rate of PEI (1.59 PEI/h) value calculated. The NPV values calculated for N95 facemask waste conversion to steam and electricity and energy-dense oil processes were US$ 36.6 × 106 and US$ 53 × 106 respectively, suggesting the preference for the production of a valuable energy-dense oil product. Furthermore, it was observed that when the environmental performance of both processes was considered, rates of PEIs of 1.20 and 0.28 PEI/h were estimated for the energy-dense oil production process and the steam and electricity generation process, respectively. Therefore, the study was able to establish that the utilisation of waste N95 facemask for steam and electricity generation and for generating an energy-dense oil product are both promising approaches that could aid in the resolution of the waste issue if both environmental and economic performances constitute crucial considerations.

Emulsification of bio-crude produced from agricultural waste via hydrothermal liquefaction process

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 121602
Author(s):  
Swathi Bhat ◽  
Venu Babu Borugadda ◽  
Ajay K. Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Nitrogen Removal in Full-Scale “Anoxic Anaerobic Micro-Aerobic Aerobic (A2O2)” System Treating Wastewater of Nitrogenous Fertilizer Factory

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2039-2044
Author(s):  
Jian Lei Gao ◽  
Bing Nan Lv ◽  
Yi Xin Yan ◽  
Jian Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer

A full-scale nitrogen removal system composed of an anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, a micro-aerobic tank and an aerobic tank (A2O2) was established to treat 15,000 t/d high strength ammonia wastewater of a nitrogenous fertilizer factory. After the first stage of commissioning test, the stable operation of short-cut nitrification and denitrification has been realized at the normal temperature. The results showed that under the conditions of COD/TN ratio of only 1~2, the average removal efficiency of COD、NH3-N and TN achieved 80%, 96% and 54%, respectively without extra addition of alkalinity or carbon source, and the effluent quality was better than the requirement of the《Synthetic ammonia industrial water contamination emission standard》(draft for comment). The variation of nitrogen compounds concentration and operational parameters of pH, DO were investigated in each tank of A2O2 system. The results showed that the short-cut nitrification was stabilized in the micro-aerobic tank through the control of DO concentration (about 0.6 mg/L). Although the pH of micro-aerobic tank was only 6.6 which inhibited the growth of nitrite bacteria, the nitrite accumulation ratio reached about 48 %, closing to the criteria for judgment of short-cut nitrification of 50%. During operation, the process parameters of the A2O2 system such as reflux ratio of the mixed liquids, sludge load, sludge concentration, sludge age and SVI were all maintained in normal range, and small fluctuation of process parameters didn’t show obvious influence on short-cut nitrification.

scholarly journals Demineralization of Sargassum spp. Macroalgae Biomass: Selective Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process for Bio-Oil Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz M. Díaz-Vázquez ◽  
Arnulfo Rojas-Pérez ◽  
Mariela Fuentes-Caraballo ◽  
Isis V. Robles ◽  
Umakanta Jena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquefaction Process

scholarly journals Effect of Composition of Iron-Cobalt Oxide Catalyst and Process Parameters on The Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sugarcane Bagasse

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnan Govindasamy ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Sunu Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Biomass Ratio ◽  
Total Oil

Development of catalyst with high deoxygenation activity and optimum process parameters are the key for getting the highest biooil yield with the least oxygen content by hydrothermal liquefaction. With this view, iron-cobalt oxides of Co/Fe ratio 0.33, 1.09, 2.35, and 3.52 were prepared by co-precipitation method, and characterized by XRD, BET surface area, chemical composition by EDX method, and evaluated for hydrothermal liquefaction of sugarcane bagasse in a high-pressure batch reactor under subcritical conditions using CO as process gas to find the optimum Co/Fe ratio and process parameters. Optimum Co/Fe ratio was found to be 1.09 as it gave the highest bio-oil yield of 57.6% with the least oxygen content of 10.8%, attributed to the cobalt ferrite, the major phase present in it. The optimum temperature, initial CO pressure, water/biomass ratio, catalyst/biomass ratio and reaction time for the highest oil yield with the least oxygen content were found to be 250 °C, 45 bar, 28, 0.4, and 120 min,  respectively. From the effect of reaction time, it was found that much of the hydrolysis of lignocellulose to water soluble oxygenates, its deoxygenation to bio-oil and its deoxygenation to low oxygen containing bio-oil took place in initial 15 min, 15 to 60 min, and from 30 to 120 min, respectively. Total oil yield (%) was lower by 21% and % oxygen in total oil was higher by 9.9% for spent catalyst compared to fresh catalyst indicating the erosion in the deoxygenation activity of catalyst and thus need for improving its hydrothermal stability. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

scholarly journals ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF A HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION PROCESS

Detritus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol In Press (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geert Haarlemmer ◽  
Morgane Briand ◽  
Anne Roubaud ◽  
Julien Roussely ◽  
Maxime Déniel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Effects of Operational Parameters on the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Enteromorpha prolifera and Products Distribution

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Lu ◽  
Z. D. Liu ◽  
Y. H. Zhang ◽  
B. M. Li ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Operational Parameters

scholarly journals Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae after different pre-treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1546-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S Vlaskin ◽  
Anatoly V Grigorenko ◽  
Nadezhda I Chernova ◽  
Sophia V. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Hydrothermal liquefaction of different microalgae samples ( Arthrospira platensis cultivated by our research group) – fresh (directly after harvesting), dried and frozen – have been performed. In hydrothermal liquefaction process, the samples were heated up to 300°C for 30 min and kept at a constant temperature for 60 min. Then dichloromethane was added to the samples to extract the oil fraction. The products obtained after aqueous and dichloromethane solutions evaporation are referred to as water soluble organics and bio-oil correspondingly. The experiments on hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae pre-treated in different ways were conducted for three independent harvest samples. The average values of bio-oil yield in the experiments with fresh, dried and frozen microalgae were equal to 44.07%, 39.97% and 39.65%, respectively. The average yields of water soluble organics were equal to 19.34%, 29.00% and 21.43% respectively. In all the experiments, the highest yield of bio-oil was reached for fresh microalgae. From this point of view, direct hydrothermal liquefaction processing of fresh microalgae seems to be more preferable that further enhances the advantage of hydrothermal liquefaction in comparison with other biomass-to-biofuel conversion methods.

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