In situ electrochemical H2 production for efficient and stable power-to-gas electromethanogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 6194-6203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Kracke ◽  
Jörg S. Deutzmann ◽  
Wenyu Gu ◽  
Alfred M. Spormann
Keyword(s):  
H2 Production ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Microbial Adaptation ◽  
Power To Gas

Directly integrated system demonstrating robust microbial electromethanogenesis at high rate and efficiency without requiring microbial adaptation to electrochemical conditions.

scholarly journals Correction: In situ electrochemical H2 production for efficient and stable power-to-gas electromethanogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Kracke ◽  
Jörg S. Deutzmann ◽  
Wenyu Gu ◽  
Alfred M. Spormann
Keyword(s):  
H2 Production ◽  
Power To Gas

Correction for ‘In situ electrochemical H2 production for efficient and stable power-to-gas electromethanogenesis’ by Frauke Kracke et al., Green Chem., 2020, 22, 6194–6203, DOI: 10.1039/D0GC01894E.

Structure of Palladium Single-Crystal Films Prepared by Flash Evaporation onto (001) NaCl Substrates

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
L. E. Murr ◽  
G. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Flash Evaporation ◽  
Optimum Load ◽  
Single Crystal Films ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
A Current

Palladium single-crystal films have been prepared by Matthews in ultra-high vacuum by evaporation onto (001) NaCl substrates cleaved in-situ, and maintained at ∼ 350° C. Murr has also produced large-grained and single-crystal Pd films by high-rate evaporation onto (001) NaCl air-cleaved substrates at 350°C. In the present work, very large (∼ 3cm2), continuous single-crystal films of Pd have been prepared by flash evaporation onto air-cleaved (001) NaCl substrates at temperatures at or below 250°C. Evaporation rates estimated to be ≧ 2000 Å/sec, were obtained by effectively short-circuiting 1 mil tungsten evaporation boats in a self-regulating system which maintained an optimum load current of approximately 90 amperes; corresponding to a current density through the boat of ∼ 4 × 104 amperes/cm2.

On-site and in situ bioremediation of wood-preservative contaminated groundwater

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Puhakka ◽  
K.T. Järvinen ◽  
J.H. Langwaldt ◽  
E.S. Melin ◽  
M.K. Männistö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Temperature ◽  
In Situ Bioremediation ◽  
Contaminated Aquifer ◽  
Fluidized Bed Process

This paper reviews ten years of research on on-site and in situ bioremediation of chlorophenol contaminated groundwater. Laboratory experiments on the development of a high-rate, fluidized-bed process resulted in a full-scale, pump-and-treat application which has operated for several years. The system operates at ambient groundwater temperature of 7 to 9°C at 2.7 d hydraulic retention time and chlorophenol removal efficiencies of 98.5 to 99.9%. The microbial ecology studies of the contaminated aquifer revealed a diverse chlorophenol-degrading community. In situ biodegradation of chlorophenols is controlled by oxygen availability, only. Laboratory and pilot-scale experiments showed the potential for in situ aquifer bioremediation with iron oxidation and precipitation as a potential problem.

scholarly journals In-Situ Annealed Ti3C2Tx MXene Based All-Solid-State Flexible Zn-Ion Hybrid Micro Supercapacitor Array with Enhanced Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
La Li ◽  
Weijia Liu ◽  
Kai Jiang ◽  
Di Chen ◽  
Fengyu Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Integrated Electronics ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Portable Electronics

AbstractZn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs. How to realize the miniaturization, patterning, and flexibility of the Zn-ion SCs without affecting the electrochemical performances has special meanings for expanding their applications in wearable integrated electronics. Ti3C2Tx cathode with outstanding conductivity, unique lamellar structure and good mechanical flexibility has been demonstrated tremendous potential in the design of Zn-ion SCs, but achieving long cycling stability and high rate stability is still big challenges. Here, we proposed a facile laser writing approach to fabricate patterned Ti3C2Tx-based Zn-ion micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), followed by the in-situ anneal treatment of the assembled MSCs to improve the long-term stability, which exhibits 80% of the capacitance retention even after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles and superior rate stability. The influence of the cathode thickness on the electrochemical performance of the MSCs is also studied. When the thickness reaches 0.851 µm the maximum areal capacitance of 72.02 mF cm−2 at scan rate of 10 mV s−1, which is 1.77 times higher than that with a thickness of 0.329 µm (35.6 mF cm−2). Moreover, the fabricated Ti3C2Tx based Zn-ion MSCs have excellent flexibility, a digital timer can be driven by the single device even under bending state, a flexible LED displayer of “TiC” logo also can be easily lighted by the MSC arrays under twisting, crimping, and winding conditions, demonstrating the scalable fabrication and application of the fabricated MSCs in portable electronics.

New determinations of tides on the north-western Ross Ice Shelf

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Richard D. Ray ◽  
Kristine M. Larson ◽  
Bruce J. Haines
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Ross Ice Shelf ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
North Western

Abstract New determinations of ocean tides are extracted from high-rate Global Positioning System (GPS) solutions at nine stations sitting on the Ross Ice Shelf. Five are multi-year time series. Three older time series are only 2–3 weeks long. These are not ideal, but they are still useful because they provide the only in situ tide observations in that sector of the ice shelf. The long tide-gauge observations from Scott Base and Cape Roberts are also reanalysed. They allow determination of some previously neglected tidal phenomena in this region, such as third-degree tides, and they provide context for analysis of the shorter datasets. The semidiurnal tides are small at all sites, yet M2 undergoes a clear seasonal cycle, which was first noted by Sir George Darwin while studying measurements from the Discovery expedition. Darwin saw a much larger modulation than we observe, and we consider possible explanations - instrumental or climatic - for this difference.

scholarly journals TiO2 Nanowires with Doped g-C3N4 Nanoparticles for Enhanced H2 Production and Photodegradation of Pollutants

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Liushan Jiang ◽  
Fanshan Zeng ◽  
Rong Zhong ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
Jianli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Tio2 Nanowires ◽  
Photocatalytic Ability ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen ◽  
Degradation Of Pollutants

With the rapid consumption of fossil fuels, along with the ever-increasing environmental pollution, it is becoming a top priority to explore efficient photocatalysts for the production of renewable hydrogen and degradation of pollutants. Here, we fabricated a composite of g-C3N4/TiO2 via an in situ growth method under the conditions of high-temperature calcination. In this method, TiO2 nanowires with a large specific surface area could provide enough space for loading more g-C3N4 nanoparticles to obtain C3N4/TiO2 composites. Of note, the g-C3N4/TiO2 composite could effectively photocatalyze both the degradation of several pollutants and production of hydrogen, both of which are essential for environmental governance. Combining multiple characterizations and experiments, we found that the heterojunction constructed by the TiO2 and g-C3N4 could increase the photocatalytic ability of materials by prompting the separation of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, the photocatalytic mechanism of the g-C3N4/TiO2 composite was also clarified in detail.

scholarly journals Clinicopathologic Profile of Breast Cancer in Germline ATM and CHEK2 Mutation Carriers

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Angela Toss ◽  
Elena Tenedini ◽  
Claudia Piombino ◽  
Marta Venturelli ◽  
Isabella Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Chek2 Mutation ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Clinicopathologic Profile ◽  
Contralateral Mastectomy

The most common breast cancer (BC) susceptibility genes beyond BRCA1/2 are ATM and CHEK2. For the purpose of exploring the clinicopathologic characteristics of BC developed by ATM or CHEK2 mutation carriers, we reviewed the archive of our Family Cancer Clinic. Since 2018, 1185 multi-gene panel tests have been performed. Nineteen ATM and 17 CHEK2 mutation carriers affected by 46 different BCs were identified. A high rate of bilateral tumors was observed in ATM (26.3%) and CHEK2 mutation carriers (41.2%). While 64.3% of CHEK2 tumors were luminal A-like, 56.2% of ATM tumors were luminal B-like/HER2-negative. Moreover, 21.4% of CHEK2-related invasive tumors showed a lobular histotype. About a quarter of all ATM-related BCs and a third of CHEK2 BCs were in situ carcinomas and more than half of ATM and CHEK2-related BCs were diagnosed at stage I-II. Finally, 63.2% of ATM mutation carriers and 64.7% of CHEK2 mutation carriers presented a positive BC family history. The biological and clinical characteristics of ATM and CHEK2-related tumors may help improve diagnosis, prognostication and targeted therapeutic approaches. Contralateral mastectomy should be considered and discussed with ATM and CHEK2 mutation carriers at the first diagnosis of BC.

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