scholarly journals Design rules for environmental biodegradability of phenylalanine alkyl ester linked ionic liquids

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 4498-4508
Author(s):  
Morten Suk ◽  
Annette Haiß ◽  
Janin Westphal ◽  
Andrew Jordan ◽  
Andrew Kellett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Ester ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the impact of the length of the alkyl chain and cationic head group on the environmental biodegradability of l-phenylalanine ester derived ILs was systematically studied.

scholarly journals Probing the impact of the N3-substituted alkyl chain on the electronic environment of the cation and the anion for 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (30) ◽  
pp. 17394-17400
Author(s):  
Shuang Men ◽  
Yujuan Jin ◽  
Peter Licence
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Imidazolium Cations ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
The Impact

XPS is used to probe the impact of the N3-substituted alkyl chain on the electronic environment of the cation and the anion by comparing two types of imidazolium cations, 1-alkyl-3-butylimidazolium and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium.

scholarly journals Thermal stability of imidazolium-based ionic liquids

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Chancelier ◽  
Olivier Boyron ◽  
Thibaut Gutel ◽  
Catherine Santini
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Van Der Waals Interactions ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Coulombic Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This work highlights the factors tuning the thermal stability of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (IL) associated to bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion [NTf2]. The decomposition temperatures (Td) were evaluated by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) with optimized parameters to obtain reproducible Td. The impact of the alkyl chain length and of the presence of functional groups and unsaturations on Td were evaluated. The thermal behaviour was governed by Van der Waals interactions between alkyl chains, and by inter and intra coulombic interactions such as hydrogen bonds.

scholarly journals The origin of surfactant amphiphilicity and self-assembly in protic ionic liquids

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 6189-6198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dolan ◽  
Rob Atkin ◽  
Gregory G. Warr
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids

Surfactant alkyl chain, head-group and counterion solvation in protic ionic liquids differs from water, affecting micelle formation and structure.

Effect of cationic head group on micellization behavior of new amide-functionalized surface active ionic liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (47) ◽  
pp. 26040-26050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Kamboj ◽  
Pankaj Bharmoria ◽  
Vinay Chauhan ◽  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Amide Group ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Micellization Behavior ◽  
Functionalized Surface

The functionalization of the alkyl chain with an amide group led to marked changes in the characteristic properties of micellization of different SAILs.

VLSI Design for Functional Failure Analysis in the < 90 nm and Flip-Chip Era

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Weizman ◽  
Ezra Baruch
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Vlsi Design ◽  
Optical Resolution ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In recent years, two new techniques were introduced for flip chip debug; the Laser Voltage Probing (LVP) technique and Time Resolved Light Emission Microscopy (TRLEM). Both techniques utilize the silicon’s relative transparency to wavelengths longer than the band gap. This inherent wavelength limitation, together with the shrinking dimensions of modern CMOS devices, limit the capabilities of these tools. It is known that the optical resolution limits of the LVP and TRLEM techniques are bounded by the diffraction limit which is ~1um for both tools using standard optics. This limitation was reduced with the addition of immersion lens optics. Nevertheless, even with this improvement, shrinking transistor geometry is leading to increased acquisition time, and the overlapping effect between adjacent nodes remains a critical issue. The resolution limit is an order of magnitude above the device feature densities in the &lt; 90nm era. The scaling down of transistor geometry is leading to the inevitable consequence where more than 50% of the transistors in 90nm process have widths smaller than 0.4um. The acquisition time of such nodes becomes unreasonably long. In order to examine nodes in a dense logic cuicuit, cross talk and convolution effects between neighboring signals also need to be considered. In this paper we will demonstrate the impact that these effects may have on modern design. In order to maintain the debug capability, with the currently available analytical tools for future technologies, conceptual modification of the FA process is required. This process should start on the IC design board where the VLSI designer should be familiar with FA constraints, and thus apply features that will enable enhanced FA capabilities to the circuit in hand during the electrical design or during the physical design stages. The necessity for reliable failure analysis in real-time should dictate that the designer of advanced VLSI blocks incorporates failure analysis constraints among other design rules. The purpose of this research is to supply the scientific basis for the optimal incorporation of design rules for optical probing in the &lt; 90nm gate era. Circuit designers are usually familiar with the nodes in the design which are critical for debug, and the type of measurement (logic or DC level) they require. The designer should enable the measurement of these signals by applying certain circuit and physical constraints. The implementation of these constraints may be done at the cell level, the block level or during the integration. We will discuss the solutions, which should be considered in order to mitigate tool limitations, and also to enable their use for next generation processes.

scholarly journals Controlled Nanostructuration of Cobalt Oxyhydroxide Electrode Material for Hybrid Supercapacitors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2325
Author(s):  
Ronan Invernizzi ◽  
Liliane Guerlou-Demourgues ◽  
François Weill ◽  
Alexia Lemoine ◽  
Marie-Anne Dourges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Cobalt Oxyhydroxide ◽  
Precipitation Medium ◽  
The Impact

Nanostructuration is one of the most promising strategies to develop performant electrode materials for energy storage devices, such as hybrid supercapacitors. In this work, we studied the influence of precipitation medium and the use of a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids for the nanostructuration of β(III) cobalt oxyhydroxides. Then, the effect of the nanostructuration and the impact of the different ionic liquids used during synthesis were investigated in terms of energy storage performances. First, we demonstrated that forward precipitation, in a cobalt-rich medium, leads to smaller particles with higher specific surface areas (SSA) and an enhanced mesoporosity. Introduction of ionic liquids (ILs) in the precipitation medium further strongly increased the specific surface area and the mesoporosity to achieve well-nanostructured materials with a very high SSA of 265 m2/g and porosity of 0.43 cm3/g. Additionally, we showed that ILs used as surfactant and template also functionalize the nanomaterial surface, leading to a beneficial synergy between the highly ionic conductive IL and the cobalt oxyhydroxide, which lowers the resistance charge transfer and improves the specific capacity. The nature of the ionic liquid had an important influence on the final electrochemical properties and the best performances were reached with the ionic liquid containing the longest alkyl chain.

Spectroscopic Study on Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids: Effect of Alkyl Chain Length and Anion

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 3512-3518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Binetti ◽  
Annamaria Panniello ◽  
Leonardo Triggiani ◽  
Raffaele Tommasi ◽  
Angela Agostiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length
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