Vegetarian diets during pregnancy: effects on the mother's health. A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Baroni ◽  
Gianluca Rizzo ◽  
Silvia Goggi ◽  
Francesca Giampieri ◽  
Maurizio Battino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vegetarian Nutrition ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

While interest in vegetarian nutrition has been steadily increasing, some aspects have not yet been consistently investigated.

Vegetarian Diets with Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Prospective Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. S20
Author(s):  
Andrea Glenn ◽  
Effie Viguiliouk ◽  
Maxine Seider ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Cyril Kendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Meta Analyses

The effect of vegetarian diets on iron status in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1359-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Haider ◽  
Lukas Schwingshackl ◽  
Georg Hoffmann ◽  
Cem Ekmekcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

scholarly journals Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Pressure Lowering: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Kai Wei Lee ◽  
Hong Chuan Loh ◽  
Siew Mooi Ching ◽  
Navin Kumar Devaraj ◽  
Fan Kee Hoo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Trial Sequential Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

The beneficial effects of a vegetarian diet on blood pressure (BP) control have been reported in previous systematic reviews; however, so far, their relative effectiveness is not well established. Here, we performed a systematic review together with trial sequential analysis to determine the effect of a vegetarian diet on the reduction of blood pressure. We searched the randomized controlled trial (RCT) through Medline, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register. Fifteen eligible RCTs with 856 subjects were entered into the analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that vegetarian diet consumption significantly lowered the systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference (WMD), −2.66 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) = −3.76, −1.55, p < 0.001) and diastolic BP was WMD, −1.69 95% CI = −2.97, −0.41, p < 0.001) as compared to an omnivorous diet. In subgroup analysis, a vegan diet demonstrated a greater reduction in systolic BP (WMD, −3.12 mmHg; 95% CI = −4.54, −1.70, p < 0.001) as compared with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (WMD, −1.75 mmHg, 95% CI −5.38, 1.88, p = 0.05). The vegan diet has showed a similar trend in terms of diastolic blood pressure reduction (WMD, −1.92 mmHg (95% CI = −3.18, −0.66, p < 0.001) but those with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet showed no changes in diastolic BP reduction (WMD, 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.00), p = 0.432). In conclusion, vegetarian diets are associated with significant reductions in BP compared with omnivorous diets, suggesting that they may play a key role in the primary prevention and overall management of hypertension.

scholarly journals Diet quality of vegetarian diets compared with nonvegetarian diets: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley W Parker ◽  
Maya K Vadiveloo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

Vegetarian diets in children: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1797-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schürmann ◽  
M. Kersting ◽  
U. Alexy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

scholarly journals Vegans, Vegetarians, and Omnivores: How Does Dietary Choice Influence Iodine Intake? A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Eveleigh ◽  
Lisa J. Coneyworth ◽  
Amanda Avery ◽  
Simon J. M. Welham
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Vegan and vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular. Dietary restrictions may increase the risk of iodine deficiency. This systematic review aims to assess iodine intake and status in adults following a vegan or vegetarian diet in industrialised countries. A systematic review and quality assessment were conducted in the period May 2019–April 2020 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were identified in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and secondary sources. Fifteen articles met inclusion criteria. Participants included 127,094 adults (aged ≥ 18 years). Vegan groups presented the lowest median urinary iodine concentrations, followed by vegetarians, and did not achieve optimal status. The highest iodine intakes were recorded in female vegans (1448.0 ± 3879.0 µg day−1) and the lowest in vegetarians (15.6 ± 21.0 µg day−1). Omnivores recorded the greatest intake in 83% of studies. Seaweed contributed largely to diets of vegans with excessive iodine intake. Vegans appear to have increased risk of low iodine status, deficiency and inadequate intake compared with adults following less restrictive diets. Adults following vegan and vegetarian diets living in countries with a high prevalence of deficiency may be more vulnerable. Therefore, further monitoring of iodine status in industrialised countries and research into improving the iodine intake and status of adults following vegan and vegetarian diets is required.

Vegetarianism and veganism compared with mental health and cognitive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Iguacel ◽  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
Luis A Moreno ◽  
Nathalie Michels
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

Abstract Context Vegetarian and vegan diets are increasing in popularity. Although they provide beneficial health effects, they may also lead to nutritional deficiencies. Cognitive impairment and mental health disorders have a high economic burden. Objective A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between vegan or vegetarian diets and cognitive and mental health. Data Sources PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Proquest databases were examined from inception to July 2018. Study Selection Original observational or interventional human studies of vegan/vegetarian diets were selected independently by 2 authors. Data Extraction Raw means and standard deviations were used as continuous outcomes, while numbers of events were used as categorical outcomes. Results Of 1249 publications identified, 13 were included, with 17 809 individuals in total. No significant association was found between diet and the continuous depression score, stress, well-being, or cognitive impairment. Vegans/vegetarians were at increased risk for depression (odds ratio = 2.142; 95%CI, 1.105–4.148) and had lower anxiety scores (mean difference = −0.847; 95%CI, −1.677 to −0.018). Heterogeneity was large, and thus subgroup analyses showed numerous differences. Conclusions Vegan or vegetarian diets were related to a higher risk of depression and lower anxiety scores, but no differences for other outcomes were found. Subgroup analyses of anxiety showed a higher risk of anxiety, mainly in participants under 26 years of age and in studies with a higher quality. More studies with better overall quality are needed to make clear positive or negative associations. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018097204

scholarly journals Vegetarian Diets and Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Theodoros N. Sergentanis ◽  
Maria-Eleni Chelmi ◽  
Andreas Liampas ◽  
Chrysanthi-Maria Yfanti ◽  
Eleni Panagouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Eating disorders are more common among adolescents and young adults. An increase in the rates of these disorders has been reported during the last years. Meanwhile, vegetarianism is becoming more popular in these age groups. The purpose of the present paper is to evaluate the association between eating disorders and vegetarian diets in adolescents and young adults. Methods: Systematic review of related articles published in PubMed, PsycInfo and Google Scholar up to 30 May 2019. Results: A total of 20 studies (14,391 subjects) were deemed eligible for this systematic review. The majority of the studies reported significant correlations between vegetarianism and eating disorders. However, due to the cross-sectional design, a causal link between eating disorders and vegetarian status cannot be established. Conclusions: Vegetarianism seems to be associated with eating disorders. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporal patterns between vegetarianism and the emergence of disordered eating.

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