Source characterization and removal of N-nitrosamine precursors during activated sludge treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2432-2443
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Zhang ◽  
Daekyun Kim ◽  
David L. Freedman ◽  
Tanju Karanfil
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Source Water Quality

Municipal wastewater discharges after secondary biological treatment (e.g., the activated sludge (AS) process) are a major potential source of N-nitrosamine precursors which may impact downstream source water quality.

Occurrence of benzothiazoles in municipal wastewater and their fate in biological treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kloepfer ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
M. Jekel ◽  
T. Reemtsma
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
The Individual

A number of 2-substituted benzothiazoles that are known to be used as fungicides, corrosion inhibitors and vulcanization accelerators in industry have been analyzed in municipal wastewater and the effluents of activated sludge and membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment over a three month period. All six analytes were regularly detected in the municipal wastewater by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and amount to a total concentration of 3.4 μg/L. Of these compounds benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid (1,700 ng/L), benzothiazole (850 ng/L) and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole (500 ng/L) were most prominent. The source of the benzothiazole emission is yet unknown. Activated sludge treatment did not reduce total benzothiazole concentration significantly. Removals of the individual compounds ranged from 90% for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 70% for hydroxybenzothiazole to 40% for benzothiazole. The concentration of benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid increased by 20%, whereas 2-methylthiobenzothiazole increased by 160% during activated sludge treatment, likely due to the methylation of mercaptobenzothiazole. Total benzothiazole removal in two parallely operated MBRs was significantly better (43%) than in the conventional activated sludge treatment. Namely benzothiazole and benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid were more effectively removed. This first systematic study on the occurrence of benzothiazoles in municipal wastewater has shown that this is a relevant class of trace contaminants in municipal wastewater which is only incompletely removed in biological wastewater treatment. Emission from sewage treatment is dominated by the most polar benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid. MBR treatment may reduce but cannot avoid this emission.

scholarly journals Microalgae as biological treatment for municipal wastewater – effects on the sludge handling in a treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Olsson ◽  
S. Schwede ◽  
E. Nehrenheim ◽  
E. Thorin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

Abstract A mix of microalgae and bacteria was cultivated on pre-sedimented municipal wastewater in a continuous operated microalgae-activated sludge process. The excess material from the process was co-digested with primary sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in semi-continuous mode (5 L digesters). Two reference digesters (5 L digesters) fed with waste-activated sludge (WAS) and primary sludge were operated in parallel. The methane yield was slightly reduced (≈10%) when the microalgal-bacterial substrate was used in place of the WAS in thermophilic conditions, but remained approximately similar in mesophilic conditions. The uptake of heavy metals was higher with the microalgal-bacterial substrate in comparison to the WAS, which resulted in higher levels of heavy metals in the digestates. The addition of microalgal-bacterial substrate enhanced the dewaterability in thermophilic conditions. Finally, excess heat can be recovered in both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.

NASA-Modified Precipitation Products to Improve USEPA Nonpoint Source Water Quality Modeling for the Chesapeake Bay

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1388-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigro Joseph ◽  
Toll David ◽  
Partington Ed ◽  
Wenge Ni-Meister ◽  
Lee Shihyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Quality Modeling ◽  
Source Water Quality

scholarly journals Trihalomethane precursor reactivity changes in drinking water treatment unit processes during a storm event

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2098-2106
Author(s):  
Chelsea W. Neil ◽  
Yingying Zhao ◽  
Amy Zhao ◽  
Jill Neal ◽  
Maria Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Source Water Quality

Abstract Source water quality can significantly impact the efficacy of water treatment unit processes and the formation of chlorinated and brominated trihalomethanes (THMs). Current water treatment plant performance models may not accurately capture how source water quality variations, such as organic matter variability, can impact treatment unit processes. To investigate these impacts, a field study was conducted wherein water samples were collected along the treatment train for 72 hours during a storm event. Systematic sampling and detailed analyses of water quality parameters, including non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), UV absorbance, and THM concentrations, as well as chlorine spiking experiments, reveal how the THM formation potential changes in response to treatment unit processes. Results show that the NPOC remaining after treatment has an increased reactivity towards forming THMs, and that brominated THMs form more readily than chlorinated counterparts in a competitive reaction. Thus both the reactivity and quantity of THM precursors must be considered to maintain compliance with drinking water standards, a finding that should be incorporated into the development of model-assisted treatment operation and optimization. Advanced granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment beyond conventional coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation processes may also be necessary to remove the surge loading of THM-formation precursors during a storm event.

scholarly journals Groundwater Remediation Using Biological And Photocatalytic Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Guba ◽  
Viola Somogyi ◽  
Erzsébet Szabóné Bárdos
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Preliminary Information

Abstract The degradability of two commercially available pesticides was studied using heterogeneous photocatalytic and activated sludge treatment methods. The first pesticide contained 5% quizalofop-P-ethyl as an active ingredient and petroleum naphtha as a solvent, the latter causing difficulties both in photocatalytic and biological treatment methods. The active ingredient of the second compound was acetamiprid. The photocatalysis proved to be effective both under laboratory conditions (using UV light) and when exposed to sunlight, but the pesticides remained stable during the employed biological treatment. Preliminary information on its behaviour in soil was obtained from transport modelling.

Effectively Managing Source Water Quality Affecting Downstream Recycled Water Treatment Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (14) ◽  
pp. 2625-2640
Author(s):  
Alice E. Towey ◽  
John M. Hake ◽  
Erika R. Gardner ◽  
Joseph A. Augustine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Source Water Quality

RESEARCH OF OIL REFINING PLANT WASTEWATER’S ONE-STAGE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
A. V BELYaKOV
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Refining Plant ◽  
Stage Scheme

The article reports on the research results of wastewaters biological treatment at Novokuibyshevsk oil refining plant using the technology of nitrification - denitrification. The paper reveals the possibility of meeting modern requirements for treated water quality by nitrogen compounds while treating industrial wastewater without mixing it with municipal wastewater. Necessary dependencies and technological parameters for choosing the mode of experimental and production use of treatment structures by one-stage scheme with nitrification-denitrification are given.

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