scholarly journals Fabrication of desalination membranes by interfacial polymerization: history, current efforts, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinglin Lu ◽  
Menachem Elimelech
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

This tutorial review covers the history, current progress, and future research directions of interfacial polymerization for making high-performance desalination membranes.

scholarly journals Selective Harvesting Robotics: Current Research, Trends, and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Kootstra ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Pieter M. Blok ◽  
Jochen Hemming ◽  
Eldert van Henten
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Selective Harvesting ◽  
Important Solution ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Current Systems

Abstract Purpose of Review The world-wide demand for agricultural products is rapidly growing. However, despite the growing population, labor shortage becomes a limiting factor for agricultural production. Further automation of agriculture is an important solution to tackle these challenges. Recent Findings Selective harvesting of high-value crops, such as apples, tomatoes, and broccoli, is currently mainly performed by humans, rendering it one of the most labor-intensive and expensive agricultural tasks. This explains the large interest in the development of selective harvesting robots. Selective harvesting, however, is a challenging task for a robot, due to the high levels of variation and incomplete information, as well as safety. Summary This review paper provides an overview of the state of the art in selective harvesting robotics in three different production systems; greenhouse, orchard, and open field. The limitations of current systems are discussed, and future research directions are proposed.

scholarly journals “Nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid”: their various methods of formulations, clinical and therapeutic applications, present gap, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzeel Rehman Charan ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto ◽  
Mihr Ali Bhutto ◽  
Azhar Ali Tunio ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza Khuhro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Neural Disorders

Abstract Background Nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid have gained a lot of attention for potential therapeutic applications of curcumin and hyaluronic acid with or without other additional drugs. Overall studies of curcumin and hyaluronic acid show that nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid accelerate the efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of various disorders like arthritis, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, neural disorders, wound healing, and skin regeneration, it is largely due to the combined effect of hyaluronic acid and curcumin. However, due to limited clinical trials and experiments on humans and animals, there is a substantial gap in research for the safety and efficacy of nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid in the treatment of curcumin and hyaluronic acid targeted diseases and disorders. Main body of the abstract In this current review, we have first described various reported synthetic nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid, then in the next section, we have described various fields, disorders, and diseases where these are being applied and in the final section of this review, we discussed the research gap, and future research directions needed to propose the fabricated nanocurcumin-hyaluronic acid biomaterials. Short conclusion There are substantial gaps in research for the safety and efficacy of nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid due to limited available data of clinical trials and experiments of nanocurcumin-hyaluronic acid biomaterials on humans and animals. So, it entirely requires serious and committed efforts through the well-organized system of practical and clinical trials which provide results, data, and detections that lead to the formulation of the best drug from curcumin with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of curcumin and hyaluronic acid targeted diseases and disorders.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Thermal Interface Materials: An Application-Oriented Perspective on Architecture Design

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Lv ◽  
Wen Dai ◽  
Aijun Li ◽  
Cheng-Te Lin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Thermal Interface Materials ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Thermal Interface ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Interface Materials

With the increasing power density of electrical and electronic devices, there has been an urgent demand for the development of thermal interface materials (TIMs) with high through-plane thermal conductivity for handling the issue of thermal management. Graphene exhibited significant potential for the development of TIMs, due to its ultra-high intrinsic thermal conductivity. In this perspective, we introduce three state-of-the-art graphene-based TIMs, including dispersed graphene/polymers, graphene framework/polymers and inorganic graphene-based monoliths. The advantages and limitations of them were discussed from an application point of view. In addition, possible strategies and future research directions in the development of high-performance graphene-based TIMs are also discussed.

Managing Human Resources in Family Businesses

2014 ◽  
pp. 96-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Gutiérrez-Broncano ◽  
Mercedes Rubio-Andrés ◽  
Pedro Jiménez Estévez
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Future Research Directions

Although a lot of research has been carried out in the field of family businesses in recent years, not much of it has focused on human resource management. After compiling the major studies, both negative aspects (e.g. nepotism) and positive ones (e.g. employee commitment) have been identified. Therefore, the authors propose high-performance human resources practices to reduce the negative impact of family in business and boost the positive effects, increase their human capital, and achieve a competitive advantage in this field. Finally, the authors provide key insights for practitioners, family business owners, and managers, and they propose future research directions.

Reorganizing Organizational Politics Research: A Review of the Literature and Identification of Future Research Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Ferris ◽  
B. Parker Ellen ◽  
Charn P. McAllister ◽  
Liam P. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Perceptions Of Organizational Politics ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Political Actions ◽  
New Framework

Organizational politics has been an oft-studied phenomenon for nearly four decades. Prior reviews have described research in this stream as aligning with one of three categories: perceptions of organizational politics (POPs), political behavior, or political skill. We suggest that because these categories are at the construct level research on organizational politics has been artificially constrained. Thus, we suggest a new framework with higher-level categories within which to classify organizational politics research: political characteristics, political actions, and political outcomes. We then provide a broad review of the literature applicable to these new categories and discuss the possibilities for future research within each expanded category. Finally, we close with a discussion of future directions for organizational politics research across the categories.

A review on the mechanical properties of textile structural composite T-beams

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 710-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Ouyang ◽  
Xianyan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Structural Composite ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Future Research Directions

In order to review the most effective ways to improve the mechanical properties of composite T-beams and further increase their application potential, research progress on the mechanical properties of textile structural composite T-beams was summarized based on two-dimensional (2-D) ply structure composite T-beams, delamination resistance enhanced 2-D ply structure T-beams, and three-dimensional (3-D) textile structural composite T-beams; future research directions for composite T-beams were also considered. From existing literature, the research status and application bottlenecks of 2-D ply structure composite T-beams and T-beams with enhanced delamination resistance performance were described, as were the specific classification, research progress, and mechanical properties of 3-D textile structural composite T-beams. In addition, the superior mechanical properties of 3-D braided textile structural composite T-beams, specifically their application potential based on excellent delamination resistance capacity, were highlighted. Future research directions for composite T-beams, that is, the applications of high-performance raw materials, locally enhanced design, structural blending enhancement, functionality, and intelligence are presented in this review.

scholarly journals Current developments and future directions in respiratory physiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (158) ◽  
pp. 200264
Author(s):  
Antenor Rodrigues ◽  
Gerard Muñoz Castro ◽  
Cristina Jácome ◽  
Daniel Langer ◽  
Selina M. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Respiratory Physiotherapy

Respiratory physiotherapists have a key role within the integrated care continuum of patients with respiratory diseases. The current narrative review highlights the profession's diversity, summarises the current evidence and practice, and addresses future research directions in respiratory physiotherapy. Herein, we describe an overview of the areas that respiratory physiotherapists can act in the integrated care of patients with respiratory diseases based on the Harmonised Education in Respiratory Medicine for European Specialists syllabus. In addition, we highlight areas in which further evidence needs to be gathered to confirm the effectiveness of respiratory therapy techniques. Where appropriate, we made recommendations for clinical practice based on current international guidelines.

scholarly journals UTILIZING PRINCIPLES OF LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY TO EXAMINE RESILIENCE TO ADVERSITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S229-S229
Author(s):  
Frank J Infurna
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Developmental Principles

Abstract Lifespan developmental psychology has many guiding principles. My past, current, and future research has been influenced by the lifespan developmental principles of multidimensionality and multidirectionality and the premise that development is not entirely bound to chronological age, but to historical-, contextual-, non-normative event-, pathology- and mortality-related processes. The first part of my talk will discuss ways I have utilized these principles in my research examining individual’s ability to be resilient to diverse types of adversities (cancer diagnosis, unemployment, and bereavement) and resources they are drawing on to promote more positive outcomes, such as social support. The second part of my talk will focus on future research directions that aim to advance the conceptual and methodological significance of this research. Future directions include explicitly studying individuals in midlife, inclusion of outcomes beyond that of mental health and well-being, such as character strengths, and longitudinal research designs that assess people more frequently.

scholarly journals Geographic Question Answering: Challenges, Uniqueness, Classification, and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Gengchen Mai ◽  
Krzysztof Janowicz ◽  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Ling Cai ◽  
Ni Lao
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Question Answering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Open Domain ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Classification Framework ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Future Research Directions

Abstract. As an important part of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Question Answering (QA) aims at generating answers to questions phrased in natural language. While there has been substantial progress in open-domain question answering, QA systems are still struggling to answer questions which involve geographic entities or concepts and that require spatial operations. In this paper, we discuss the problem of geographic question answering (GeoQA). We first investigate the reasons why geographic questions are difficult to answer by analyzing challenges of geographic questions. We discuss the uniqueness of geographic questions compared to general QA. Then we review existing work on GeoQA and classify them by the types of questions they can address. Based on this survey, we provide a generic classification framework for geographic questions. Finally, we conclude our work by pointing out unique future research directions for GeoQA.

Design for Nonassembly: Current Status and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangjin Jung ◽  
Rianne E. Laureijs ◽  
Christophe Combemale ◽  
Kate S. Whitefoot
Keyword(s):  
Product Family ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Single Part

Abstract In this paper, we review the literature on design for nonassembly (DFNA) and the broader literature on design for manufacturing that has design guidelines and metrics applicable to nonassembled products, including both monolithic single-part products and nonassembly mechanisms. Our review focuses on guidelines that apply across multiple manufacturing processes. We identify guidelines and metrics that seek to reduce costs as well as provide differentiated products across a product family. We find that existing DFNA guidelines fall into four main categories pertaining to: (1) geometry and size, (2) material, (3) production process, and (4) clearance and tolerances. We also identify existing product family metrics that can be modified for nonassembled products to capture some aspects of these categories. Finally, we discuss possible future research directions to more accurately characterize the relationships between design variables and manufacturing costs, including investigating factors related to the complexity of operations at particular process steps and across process steps.

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