Harnessing molecular rotations in plastic crystals: a holistic view for crystal engineering of adaptive soft materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (24) ◽  
pp. 8878-8896
Author(s):  
Susobhan Das ◽  
Amit Mondal ◽  
C. Malla Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Plastic Crystals ◽  
Molecular Rotations

This review highlights the exceptional properties of plastic crystals, their expanding scope in materials sciences and plenty of opportunities for designing new mechanically soft functional crystals.

Solidification of Ionic Liquids: Theory and Techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja-Verena Mudring
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Separation Science ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Plastic Crystals ◽  
Thermal Fluids ◽  
Solid Phase Transition

Ionic liquids (ILs) have become an important class of solvents and soft materials over the past decades. Despite being salts built by discrete cations and anions, many of them are liquid at room temperature and below. They have been used in a wide variety of applications such as electrochemistry, separation science, chemical synthesis and catalysis, for breaking azeotropes, as thermal fluids, lubricants and additives, for gas storage, for cellulose processing, and photovoltaics. It has been realized that the true advantage of ILs is their modular character. Each specific cation–anion combination is characterized by a unique, characteristic set of chemical and physical properties. Although ILs have been known for roughly a century, they are still a novel class of compounds to exploit due to the vast number of possible ion combinations and one fundamental question remains still inadequately answered: why do certain salts like ILs have such a low melting point and do not crystallize readily? This Review aims to give an insight into the liquid–solid phase transition of ILs from the viewpoint of a solid-state chemist and hopes to contribute to a better understanding of this intriguing class of compounds. It will introduce the fundamental theories of liquid–solid-phase transition and crystallization from melt and solution. Aside form the formation of ideal crystals the development of solid phases with disorder and of lower order like plastic crystals and liquid crystals by ionic liquid compounds are addressed. The formation of ionic liquid glasses is discussed and finally practical techniques, strategies and methods for crystallization of ionic liquids are given.

scholarly journals Halogen bonding in the co-crystallization of potentially ditopic diiodotetrafluorobenzene: a powerful tool for constructing multicomponent supramolecular assemblies

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1906-1932
Author(s):  
Xue-Hua Ding ◽  
Yong-Zheng Chang ◽  
Chang-Jin Ou ◽  
Jin-Yi Lin ◽  
Ling-Hai Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linear Optics ◽  
Non Linear Optics ◽  
Supramolecular Architectures

Abstract Halogen bonding is emerging as a significant driving force for supramolecular self-assembly and has aroused great interest during the last two decades. Among the various halogen-bonding donors, we take notice of the ability of 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (1,4-DITFB) to co-crystallize with diverse halogen-bonding acceptors in the range from neutral Lewis bases (nitrogen-containing compounds, N-oxides, chalcogenides, aromatic hydrocarbons and organometallic complexes) to anions (halide ions, thio/selenocyanate ions and tetrahedral oxyanions), leading to a great variety of supramolecular architectures such as discrete assemblies, 1D infinite chains and 2D/3D networks. Some of them act as promising functional materials (e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence, optical waveguide, laser, non-linear optics, dielectric and magnetism) and soft materials (e.g. liquid crystal and supramolecular gel). Here we focus on the supramolecular structures of multicomponent complexes and their related physicochemical properties, highlight representative examples and show clearly the main directions that remain to be developed and improved in this area. From the point of view of crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry, the complexes summarized here should give helpful information for further design and investigation of the elusive category of halogen-bonding supramolecular functional materials.

Crystal Engineering: A Holistic View

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (44) ◽  
pp. 8342-8356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam R. Desiraju
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Holistic View

Template mediated crystal engineering

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Brigid R. Heywood ◽  
S. Champ
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Crystallographic Axis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Solution Interface ◽  
Extensive Program ◽  
Geometric Homology ◽  
Long Alkyl Chain

Recent work on the crystallisation of inorganic crystals under compressed monomolecular surfactant films has shown that two dimensional templates can be used to promote the oriented nucleation of solids. When a suitable long alkyl chain surfactant is cast on the crystallisation media a monodispersied population of crystals forms exclusively at the monolayer/solution interface. Each crystal is aligned with a specific crystallographic axis perpendicular to the plane of the monolayer suggesting that nucleation is facilitated by recognition events between the nascent inorganic solid and the organic template.For example, monolayers of the long alkyl chain surfactant, stearic acid will promote the oriented nucleation of the calcium carbonate polymorph, calcite, on the (100) face, whereas compressed monolayers of n-eicosyl sulphate will induce calcite nucleation on the (001) face, (Figure 1 & 2). An extensive program of research has confirmed the general principle that molecular recognition events at the interface (including electrostatic interactions, geometric homology, stereochemical complementarity) can be used to promote the crystal engineering process.

Health Psychology: A Holistic View

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-554
Author(s):  
Cathie Atkinson ◽  
Barbara L. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Health Psychology ◽  
Holistic View

Neuroosteopathy: Phylosophy of the Approach

2016 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Amigues
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
Motor Acts

The article presents a holistic view on neuroosteopathy. It demonstrates the connection between the congenital and the acquired alterations with due regard to the epigenetic aspects of morphogenesis in different periods of the organism’s individual development. On the basis of the analysis of scientific literature and of the clinical osteopathic experience the connection between the child’s motor development and the formation of his nervous system is shown. The article presents a plan of osteopathic treatment of the lesions diagnosed which is based on the analysis of the connection between the motor acts, gestures, positions and congenital reflexes.

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