Anomalous inclusion of chloride ions in ethylenediammonium lead iodide turns 1D non-perovskite into a 2D perovskite structure

CrystEngComm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (46) ◽  
pp. 8063-8071
Author(s):  
Monireh Fazayeli ◽  
Maasoumeh Khatamian ◽  
Giuseppe Cruciani
Keyword(s):  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Lead Iodide

A 2D ethylenediammonium lead iodide perovskite structure can form just by adding some chloride ions into the solution.

scholarly journals Cubic Perovskite Structure of Black Formamidinium Lead Iodide, α-[HC(NH2)2]PbI3, at 298 K

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 3209-3212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Weller ◽  
Oliver J. Weber ◽  
Jarvist M. Frost ◽  
Aron Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Lead Iodide

Formamidinium lead iodide perovskite: Structure, shape and optical tuning via hydrothermal method

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindhasamy Murugadoss ◽  
Rangasamy Thangamuthu ◽  
Manavalan Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Lead Iodide

scholarly journals Формирование двухфазной структуры в металлоорганическом перовските CH-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-NH-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-PbI-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Д.В. Амасев ◽  
В.Г. Михалевич ◽  
А.Р. Тамеев ◽  
Ш.Р. Саитов ◽  
А.Г. Казанский
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Semiconductor Materials ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Planar Structures

The effect of annealing of organometallic perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 film on its electrical, photoelectric, and optical properties is studied. It was shown that annealing at Та>140 °C leads to the two-phase structure formation consisting of perovskite and lead iodide, the relative content of which depends on the annealing conditions, in particular, on its temperature. The PbI2 formation in the perovskite structure leads to a decrease in the conductivity and photoconductivity of the material. Our studies indicate the possibility of forming planar structures consisting of semiconductor materials with various values of the band gap: 1.6 eV (CH3NH3PbI3) and 2.4 eV (PbI2).

scholarly journals Metastable alloying structures in MAPbI3−xClx crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Qiao ◽  
Jianming Yang ◽  
Wei Dong ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Qinye Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Photoelectric Properties ◽  
Methylammonium Lead Iodide

Abstract Chlorine incorporation engineering has been widely used in optoelectronic devices based on methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskites. However, the characteristics of I/Cl alloying structures in MAPbI3−xClx mixed-halide perovskites and their influences on the optoelectronic properties have been issues of a long-standing controversy. Here, we present a detailed study of the I/Cl alloying structures in MAPbI3−xClx (x = 0.0 to 0.3) single crystals. We found that a small amount of Cl can substitute for the iodide of the PbI3 inorganic lattice, leading to a phase transition from the tetragonal to cubic phase and anomalous cation dynamics evolution. Analyses based on time-dependent X-ray diffraction, 207Pb NMR, and 2H NMR indicate that the alloying structures of the MAPbI3−xClx crystals are metastable and decompose over time. In addition, the photocurrent response measurement of MAPbI3−xClx proved a close correlation between the alloying structures and photoelectric properties of the material. This work sheds light on the essential understanding of the I/Cl alloying structure and provides a plausible explanation for the controversy regarding the role of chloride ions in optoelectronic devices.

Junction of the Epithelium and Lamina Propria of the Bovine Rumen Mucosa

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Al W. Stinson
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Protective Shield ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Lead Hydroxide ◽  
Acetic Acids

The stratified squamous epithelium which lines the ruminal compartment of the bovine stomach performs at least three important functions. (1) The upper keratinized layer forms a protective shield against the rough, fibrous, constantly moving ingesta. (2) It is an organ of absorption since a number of substances are absorbed directly through the epithelium. These include short chain fatty acids, potassium, sodium and chloride ions, water, and many others. (3) The cells of the deeper layers metabolize butyric acid and to a lesser extent propionic and acetic acids which are the fermentation products of rumen digestion. Because of the functional characteristics, this epithelium is important in the digestive process of ruminant species which convert large quantities of rough, fibrous feed into energy.Tissue used in this study was obtained by biopsy through a rumen fistula from clinically healthy, yearling holstein steers. The animals had been fed a typical diet of hay and grain and the ruminal papillae were fully developed. The tissue was immediately immersed in 1% osmium tetroxide buffered to a pH of 7.4 and fixed for 2 hrs. The tissue blocks were embedded in Vestapol-W, sectioned with a Porter-Blum microtome with glass knives and stained with lead hydroxide. The sections were studied with an RCA EMU 3F electron microscope.

Factors Influencing the Separation of Glu-Plasminogen Affinity Forms I and II by Affinity Chromatography

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan W Traas ◽  
Bep Hoegee-de Nobel ◽  
Willem Nieuwenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Human Plasminogen

SummaryNative human plasminogen, the proenzyme of plasmin (E. C. 3.4.21.7) occurs in blood in two well defined forms, affinity forms I and II. In this paper, the feasibility of separating these forms of human native plasminogen by affinity chromatography, is shown to be dependent on two factors: 1) the ionic composition of the buffer containing the displacing agent: buffers of varying contents of sodium, Tris, phosphate and chloride ions were compared, and 2) the type of adsorbent. Two adsorbents were compared: Sepharose-lysine and Sepharose-bisoxirane-lysine. Only in the phosphate containing buffers, irrespective of the type of adsorbent, the affinity forms can be separated. The influence of the adsorbent can be accounted for by a large difference in dissociation constants of the complex between plasminogen and the immobilized lysine.

Effect of Formic Acid on Corrosion Behavior of STBA24 Low-Alloyed Steel and Its Weldment in Simulated Boiler Water Containing Chloride Ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1775-1781
Author(s):  
Li-Bin Niu ◽  
Shoichi Kosaka ◽  
Masaki Yoshida ◽  
Yusuke Suetake ◽  
Kazuo Marugame
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Boiler Water ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel
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