Remarkable untangled dynamics behavior of multicyclic branched polystyrenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Xue ◽  
Yangjing Chen ◽  
Yongfang Li ◽  
Kang Liang ◽  
Wenyan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Branched Polymer ◽  
Viscosity Modification

The largest mesh size ξ of a multicyclic branched polymer network results in special microrheological behavior and unique viscosity modification applications in solution.

scholarly journals Small Oligonucleotides Detection in Three-Dimensional Polymer Network of DNA-PEG Hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Mazzarotta ◽  
Tania Maristella Caputo ◽  
Luca Raiola ◽  
Edmondo Battista ◽  
Paolo Antonio Netti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Short Oligonucleotide ◽  
Dna Oligonucleotides ◽  
Hydrogel Network ◽  
Displacement Assay ◽  
Oligonucleotide Detection ◽  
Biomolecules Detection ◽  
And Diffusion

The control of the three-dimensional (3D) polymer network structure is important for permselective materials when specific biomolecules detection is needed. Here we investigate conditions to obtain a tailored hydrogel network that combine both molecular filtering and molecular capture capabilities for biosensing applications. Along this line short oligonucleotide detection in a displacement assay is set within PEGDA hydrogels synthetized by UV radical photopolymerization. To provide insights on the molecular filter capability, diffusion studies of several probes (sulforhodamine G and dextrans) with different hydrodynamic radii were carried out using NMR technique. Moreover, fluorometric analyses of hybridization of DNA oligonucleotides inside PEGDA-hydrogels shed light on the mechanisms of recognition in 3D, highlighting that mesh size and crowding effect greatly impact of hybridization mechanism onto polymer network. Finally, we found the best probe density and diffusion transport conditions to allow the specific oligonucleotide capture and detection inside PEGDA-hydrogels for oligonucleotide detection and the filtering out of higher molecular weight molecules.

scholarly journals Single-Macromolecular Level Imaging of a Hydrogel Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuji Kiyama ◽  
Takayuki Nonoyama ◽  
Sedlacik Tomas ◽  
Hiroshi Jinnai ◽  
Jian Ping Gong
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Gel Properties ◽  
Cell Scaffolds ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrogel Network ◽  
Network Observation ◽  
Surface Network ◽  
First Time

Hydrogels are promising materials for several applications, including cell scaffolds and artificial load-bearing substitutes (cartilages, ligaments, tendons, etc.). Direct observation of the nanoscale polymer network of hydrogels is essential in understanding its properties. However, imaging of individual network strands at the molecular level is not achieved yet due to the lack of suitable methods. Herein, for the first time, we developed a novel mineral-staining method and network fixation method for transmission electron microscopy observation to visualize the hydrogel network in its unperturbed conformation with nanometer resolution. Surface network observation indicates that the length of surface dangling chains, which play a major role in friction and wetting, can be estimated from the gel mesh size. Moreover, bulk observations reveals a hierarchical formation mechanism of gel heterogeneity. These observations have the great potential to advance gel science by providing comprehensive perspective that link bulk gel properties with nanoscale.

scholarly journals Hydrogel Microparticles for Fluorescence Detection of miRNA in Mix-Read Bioassay

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7671
Author(s):  
Alessia Mazzarotta ◽  
Tania Mariastella Caputo ◽  
Edmondo Battista ◽  
Paolo Antonio Netti ◽  
Filippo Causa
Keyword(s):  
Target Detection ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Hydrogel Microparticles ◽  
Key Steps

Herein we describe the development of a mix-read bioassay based on a three-dimensional (3D) poly ethylene glycol—(PEG)-hydrogel microparticles for the detection of oligonucleotides in complex media. The key steps of hydrogels synthesis and molecular recognition in a 3D polymer network are elucidated. The design of the DNA probes and their density in polymer network were opportunely optimized. Furthermore, the diffusion into the polymer was tuned adjusting the polymer concentration and consequently the characteristic mesh size. Upon parameters optimization, 3D-PEG-hydrogels were synthetized in a microfluidic system and provided with fluorescent probe. Target detection occurred by double strand displacement assay associated to fluorescence depletion within the hydrogel microparticle. Proposed 3D-PEG-hydrogel microparticles were designed for miR-143-3p detection. Results showed 3D-hydrogel microparticles with working range comprise between 10−6–10−12 M, had limit of detection of 30 pM and good specificity. Moreover, due to the anti-fouling properties of PEG-hydrogel, the target detection occurred in human serum with performance comparable to that in buffer. Due to the approach versatility, such design could be easily adapted to other short oligonucleotides detection.

Dynamics and Transport of Molecules in Polymer and Colloidal-Rod Networks

2007 ◽  
Vol 1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyongok Kang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Relaxation Dynamics ◽  
Screening Length ◽  
Cholesteric Phase ◽  
Hydrodynamic Screening

ABSTRACTRe-orientational dynamics of liquid crystal molecules in a polymer network subjected to an electric field is studied by means of light diffraction [1]. When the optical pitch of the electric-field induced cholesteric phase is small compared to the optical wavelength of light, dynamic light scattering (DLS) can be performed to extract the relaxation dynamics of the chiral nematic molecules in the presence of the polymer network. Intriguingly, the reactive mesogenic type of polymer network exhibits a confinement effect, which can be probed within the limited range of scattering angles that comply with the structural correlation length in the system [2].Diffusive mass transport of molecules through a rod network can be studied via fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and DLS. Long time self-diffusion of tracer spheres (silica and proteins) in isotropic and nematic colloidal-rod networks (fd-viruses) is systematically studied for various tracer-sphere sizes as compared to the mesh size of the network [3]. In addition, by varying the salt concentration, the relative contribution of electrostatic interactions can be varied. A theory is developed where the diffusion coefficient is expressed in terms of the hydrodynamic screening length of the highly entangled rod-network. The hydrodynamic screening length of rod networks is extracted from diffusion data as a function of the rod concentration both for isotropic and nematic networks [4-5].

scholarly journals Transport of probe particles in a polymer network: effects of probe size, network rigidity and probe–polymer interaction

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (44) ◽  
pp. 8992-9002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
Ligesh Theeyancheri ◽  
Subhasish Chaki ◽  
Rajarshi Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Local Heterogeneity ◽  
Polymer Interaction ◽  
Probe Particles

Computer simulations of sticky probes (red) comparable to the mesh size of the polymer network (blue) show fat-tailed displacement distributions, confirming stretching of the network, creating a local heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Cross-Linked Branched Polymer Network in the Interior of a Protein Cage

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
pp. 4346-4354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Joynal Abedin ◽  
Lars Liepold ◽  
Peter Suci ◽  
Mark Young ◽  
Trevor Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Branched Polymer ◽  
Protein Cage

scholarly journals Synthesis and Structure of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Gels

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naofumi Naga ◽  
Yukie Uchiyama ◽  
Yuri Takahashi ◽  
Hidemitsu Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Relaxation Peak ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Transition Networks

Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) gels have been synthesized using a hydrosilylation reaction of 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS) as a joint molecule, and a,w-nonconjugated dienes, 1,5-hexadiene (HD) or 1,9-decadiene (DD) as linker molecules in the presence of polystyrene (PS) as a liner polymers in toluene or cyclohexane. Network structure, mesh size and mesh size distribution, of the resulting semi-IPN gels was quantitatively characterized by means of a scanning microscopic light scattering (SMILS). The relaxation peaks derived from three kinds of structures were detected in the semi-IPN gels prepared in toluene by the SMILS analysis. One was derived from the mesh formed by TMCTS/a,w-nonconjugated dienes about 1-2 nm. Others were derived from transition networks about 20-150 nm and large clustered liner polymer chains about 700-2300 nm. Effect of concentration and molecular weight of the liner polymer on the network structure of the semi-IPN gels in toluene was investigated. The relaxation peaks derived from transition networks or random coils formed by aggregated PS chains were detected in the semi-IPN gels containing high concentration or high molecular weight PS. The semi-IPN gels containing PS were also prepared in cyclohexane as a poor solvent for PS at 40ºC, which was a higher temperature than the upper critical solution temperature (UCST = 34ºC) of PS in cyclohexane. The network structure of the semi-IPN gels was traced by SMILS on the cooling process. In the semi-IPN gel with the short linker molecule of HD, the relaxation peak derived from clustered PS chains was detected over the UCST. By contrast, the relaxation peak derived from transition network was observed in the semi-IPN gel with the long linker molecule of DD.

Advances in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels and their applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1707-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ecaterina Stela Dragan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Artificial Cornea ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Highly Stretchable

Abstract Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels brought distinct benefits compared to single network hydrogels like more widely controllable physical properties, and (frequently) more efficient drug loading/release. However, IPN strategy is not sufficient to design hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties required for regenerative medicine like replacement of natural cartilage or artificial cornea. Some of the novel techniques promoted last decade for the preparation of IPN hydrogels which fulfill these requirements are discussed in the review. Among them, “double network” strategy had a strong contribution in the development of a large variety of hydrogels with spectacular mechanical properties at water content up to 90 %. Using cryogelation in tandem with IPN strategy led to composite cryogels with high mechanical properties and high performances in separation processes of ionic species. Highly stretchable and extremely tough hydrogels have been obtained by combining a covalently cross-linked synthetic network with an ionically cross-linked alginate network. IPN hydrogels with tailored mesh size have been also reported.

scholarly journals Small Oligonucleotides Detection in Three-Dimensional Polymer Network of DNA-PEG Hydrogels

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Alessia Mazzarotta ◽  
Tania Mariastella Caputo ◽  
Luca Raiola ◽  
Edmondo Battista ◽  
Paolo Antonio Netti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Biomolecule Detection ◽  
Short Oligonucleotide ◽  
Dna Oligonucleotides ◽  
Hydrogel Network ◽  
Displacement Assay ◽  
Oligonucleotide Detection ◽  
And Diffusion

The control of the three-dimensional (3D) polymer network structure is important for permselective materials when specific biomolecule detection is needed. Here we investigate conditions to obtain a tailored hydrogel network that combines both molecular filtering and molecular capture capabilities for biosensing applications. Along this line, short oligonucleotide detection in a displacement assay is set within PEGDA hydrogels synthetized by UV radical photopolymerization. To provide insights on the molecular filter capability, diffusion studies of several probes (sulforhodamine G and dextrans) with different hydrodynamic radii were carried out using NMR technique. Moreover, fluorometric analyses of hybridization of DNA oligonucleotides inside PEGDA hydrogels shed light on the mechanisms of recognition in 3D, highlighting that mesh size and crowding effect greatly impact the hybridization mechanism on a polymer network. Finally, we found the best probe density and diffusion transport conditions to allow the specific oligonucleotide capture and detection inside PEGDA hydrogels for oligonucleotide detection and the filtering out of higher molecular weight molecules.

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