A heterogeneous pore decoration strategy on a hydrophobic microporous polymer for high-coverage capture of metabolites

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (52) ◽  
pp. 7167-7170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqin Liu ◽  
Shuting Fang ◽  
Yiquan Huang ◽  
Zhangmin Xiang ◽  
Gangfeng Ouyang

A heterogeneous pore decoration strategy on a hydrophobic microporous polymer resulted in its hydrophobic–hydrophilic hybrid properties and high-coverage capture ability of microbial metabolites.

Author(s):  
Н.В. Белобородова ◽  
В.В. Мороз ◽  
А.Ю. Бедова

Интеграция метаболизма макроорганизма и его микробиоты, обеспечивающая в норме симбиоз и саногенез, нарушается при заболеваниях, травме, критическом состоянии, и вектор взаимодействия может изменяться в пользу прокариотов по принципу «метаболиты бактерий - против хозяина». Анализ литературы показал, что, с одной стороны, имеется живой интерес к ароматическим микробным метаболитам, с другой - отсутствует четкое представление об их роли в организме человека. Публикации, касающиеся ряда ароматических микробных метаболитов (фенилкарбоновых кислот, ФКК), как правило, не связаны между собой по тематике и направлены на решение тех или иных прикладных задач в разных областях биологии и медицины. Цель обзора - анализ информации о происхождении, биологических эффектах ФКК в экспериментах in vitro и in vivo , и клинических наблюдениях. Обобщая результаты приведенных в обзоре исследований на клеточном, субклеточном и молекулярном уровнях, логично предположить участие ароматических микробных метаболитов в патогенезе полиорганной недостаточности при сепсисе. Наиболее перспективным для раскрытия роли ароматических микробных метаболитов представляется изучение механизмов вторичной почечной недостаточности и септической энцефалопатии. Важным направлением для будущих исследований является изучение влияния продуктов микробной биодеградации ароматических соединений на развитие диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, артериальной гипотензии и септического шока. Результаты дальнейших исследований будут иметь не только фундаментальное значение, но и обогатят практическую медицину новыми диагностическими и лечебными технологиями. Significant increases in blood concentrations of some aromatic metabolites (phenylcarboxylic acids, PhCAs) in patients with sepsis have been previously shown. Enhanced bacterial biodegradation of aromatic compounds has been demonstrated to considerably contribute to this process. Integration of macroorganism metabolism and its microbiota, which provides normal symbiosis and sanogenesis, is disturbed in diseases, trauma, and critical conditions. Direction of this interaction may change in favor of prokaryotes according to the principle, “bacterial metabolites are against the host”. Analysis of literature showed a particular interest of many investigators to aromatic microbial metabolites. However, there is no clear understanding of their role in the human body. Publications on PhCAs are generally not thematically interrelated and usually focus on solving applied tasks in different fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this work was to consolidate existing information about origin and biological effects of PhCAs in in vitro / in vivo experiments and some clinical findings. The presented summary of reported data from studies performed at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels suggests participation of aromatic microbial metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Studying mechanisms of secondary renal failure and septic encephalopathy is most promising for discovering the function of aromatic microbial metabolites. Effects of microbial biodegradation products of aromatic substances on development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypotension, and septic shock are an important challenge for future studies. Results of further investigations will be not only fundamental, but will also enrich medical practice with new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Medford ◽  
Shengchun Yang ◽  
Fuzhu Liu

Understanding the interaction of multiple types of adsorbate molecules on solid surfaces is crucial to establishing the stability of catalysts under various chemical environments. Computational studies on the high coverage and mixed coverages of reaction intermediates are still challenging, especially for transition-metal compounds. In this work, we present a framework to predict differential adsorption energies and identify low-energy structures under high- and mixed-adsorbate coverages on oxide materials. The approach uses Gaussian process machine-learning models with quantified uncertainty in conjunction with an iterative training algorithm to actively identify the training set. The framework is demonstrated for the mixed adsorption of CH<sub>x</sub>, NH<sub>x</sub> and OH<sub>x</sub> species on the oxygen vacancy and pristine rutile TiO<sub>2</sub>(110) surface sites. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm is highly efficient at identifying the most valuable training data, and is able to predict differential adsorption energies with a mean absolute error of ~0.3 eV based on <25% of the total DFT data. The algorithm is also used to identify 76% of the low-energy structures based on <30% of the total DFT data, enabling construction of surface phase diagrams that account for high and mixed coverage as a function of the chemical potential of C, H, O, and N. Furthermore, the computational scaling indicates the algorithm scales nearly linearly (N<sup>1.12</sup>) as the number of adsorbates increases. This framework can be directly extended to metals, metal oxides, and other materials, providing a practical route toward the investigation of the behavior of catalysts under high-coverage conditions.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyang Yan ◽  
Heta Desai ◽  
Lisa Boatner ◽  
Stephanie Yen ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
...  

<p>We report a new cysteine chemoproteomic method, termed SP3-FAIMS chemoproteomics, which enables rapid and high coverage analysis of the human cysteinome. By combining enhanced cysteine biotinylation with SP3 sample decontamination and FAIMS online fraction, we identified in aggregate 34,225 unique cysteines found on 7,243 proteins. Showcasing the versatility of our method, integration with the isoTOP-ABPP workflow enabled the high throughput discovery of cysteines labelled by electrophilic compounds. </p>


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Clifton ◽  
Nicoló Paracini ◽  
Arwel V. Hughes ◽  
Jeremy H. Lakey ◽  
Nina-Juliane Seinke ◽  
...  

<p>We present a reliable method for the fabrication of fluid phase unsaturated bilayers which are readily self-assembled on charged self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surfaces producing high coverage floating supported bilayers where the membrane to surface distance could be controlled with nanometer precision. Vesicle fusion was used to deposit the bilayers onto anionic SAM coated surfaces. Upon assembly the bilayer to SAM solution interlayer thickness was 7-10 Å with evidence suggesting that this layer was present due to SAM hydration repulsion of the bilayer from the surface. This distance could be increased using low concentrations of salts which caused the interlayer thickness to enlarge to ~33 Å. Reducing the salt concentration resulted in a return to a shorter bilayer to surface distance. These accessible and controllable membrane models are well suited to a range of potential applications in biophysical studies, bio-sensors and Nano-technology.</p><br>


Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Yao Peng ◽  
Yuqiang Nie ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Chi Chun Wong

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers that cause cancer-related deaths worldwide. The gut microbiota has been proved to show relevance with colorectal tumorigenesis through microbial metabolites. By decomposing various dietary residues in the intestinal tract, gut microbiota harvest energy and produce a variety of metabolites to affect the host physiology. However, some of these metabolites are oncogenic factors for CRC. With the advent of metabolomics technology, studies profiling microbiota-derived metabolites have greatly accelerated the progress in our understanding of the host-microbiota metabolism interactions in CRC. In this review, we briefly summarize the present metabolomics techniques in microbial metabolites researches and the mechanisms of microbial metabolites in CRC pathogenesis, furthermore, we discuss the potential clinical applications of microbial metabolites in cancer diagnosis and treatment.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2100380
Author(s):  
Valentina Cecarini ◽  
Massimiliano Cuccioloni ◽  
Yadong Zheng ◽  
Laura Bonfili ◽  
Chunmei Gong ◽  
...  

ChemBioChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyang Yan ◽  
Heta S. Desai ◽  
Lisa M. Boatner ◽  
Stephanie L. Yen ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Fotis Pappas ◽  
Christos Palaiokostas

Incorporation of genomic technologies into fish breeding programs is a modern reality, promising substantial advances regarding the accuracy of selection, monitoring the genetic diversity and pedigree record verification. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are the most commonly used genomic tool, but the investments required make them unsustainable for emerging species, such as Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), where production volume is low. The requirement to genotype a large number of animals for breeding practices necessitates cost effective genotyping approaches. In the current study, we used double digest restriction site-associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of either high or low coverage to genotype Arctic charr from the Swedish national breeding program and performed analytical procedures to assess their utility in a range of tasks. SNPs were identified and used for deciphering the genetic structure of the studied population, estimating genomic relationships and implementing an association study for growth-related traits. Missing information and underestimation of heterozygosity in the low coverage set were limiting factors in genetic diversity and genomic relationship analyses, where high coverage performed notably better. On the other hand, the high coverage dataset proved to be valuable when it comes to identifying loci that are associated with phenotypic traits of interest. In general, both genotyping strategies offer sustainable alternatives to hybridization-based genotyping platforms and show potential for applications in aquaculture selective breeding.


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