scholarly journals Lateral lithiation in deep eutectic solvents: regioselective functionalization of substituted toluene derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 2391-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Arnodo ◽  
Simone Ghinato ◽  
Stefano Nejrotti ◽  
Marco Blangetti ◽  
Cristina Prandi
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Regioselective Functionalization ◽  
Reaction Media

Ultrafast heteroatom-directed lateral lithiation of substituted toluene derivatives using choline chloride-based eutectic mixtures as bio-inspired sustainable reaction media.

scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvents as Smart Cosubstrate in Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Reductions

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Santiago Nahuel Chanquia ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Guadalupe García Liñares ◽  
Pablo Domínguez de María ◽  
Selin Kara
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Cofactor Regeneration ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cinnamyl Alcohol ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Reaction Media ◽  
Reduction Of Ketones

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalyzed reductions in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) may become efficient and sustainable alternatives to afford alcohols. This paper successfully explores the ADH-catalyzed reduction of ketones and aldehydes in a DES composed of choline chloride and 1,4-butanediol, in combination with buffer (Tris-HCl, 20% v/v). 1,4-butanediol (a DES component), acts as a smart cosubstrate for the enzymatic cofactor regeneration, shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium to the product side. By means of the novel DES media, cyclohexanone reduction was optimized to yield maximum productivity with low enzyme amounts (in the range of 10 g L−1 d−1). Notably, with the herein developed reaction media, cinnamaldehyde was reduced to cinnamyl alcohol, an important compound for the fragrance industry, with promising high productivities of ~75 g L−1 d−1.

scholarly journals Programming cascade reactions interfacing biocatalysis with transition-metal catalysis in Deep Eutectic Solvents as biorenewable reaction media

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3468-3475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Cicco ◽  
Nicolás Ríos-Lombardía ◽  
María J. Rodríguez-Álvarez ◽  
Francisco Morís ◽  
Filippo M. Perna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysis ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
Metal Catalysis ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Reaction Media

Transition-metal complexes and purified ketoreductases work together in eutectic mixtures for the synthesis of enantiopure secondary alcohols.

Electrochemical Synthesis of Conducting Polymers Involving Deep Eutectic Solvents

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Golgovici ◽  
Liana Anicai ◽  
Andreea Florea ◽  
Teodor Visan
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
New Findings

Background: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) represent a new generation of ionic liquids which are widely promoted as “green solvents”. They are gaining widespread application in materials chemistry and electrochemistry. DESs are defined as eutectic mixtures of quaternary ammonium salt with a hydrogen bond donor in certain molar ratios. Their use as solvents for electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers could influence the polymer properties and reduce their economic cost. Objective: This review presents the most recent results regarding the electropolymerization of common conductive polymers involving choline chloride based ionic liquids. New findings from our laboratory on the electrochemical growth of conductive polymers are also discussed. Methods: The electrochemical polymerization mechanisms during synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using various formulations of DESs are reviewed, as well as their characteristics, mainly from surface morphology view point. Results: Some general information related to the preparation and characterization of DESs is also presented, followed by an overview of the recent advances in the field of electropolymerization using DESs. Conclusion: Electropolymerization of conducting polymers involving DESs represents an attractive route of synthesis due to their compositional flexibility which makes possible the preparation of unlimited formulations further influencing the polymer morphology and properties. The use of these inexpensive eutectic mixtures has a large potential to contribute to the development of more sustainable technological processes meeting many of the required features characteristic to the green chemistry.

scholarly journals Reactive Deep Eutectic Solvents (RDESs): A New Tool for Phospholipase D-Catalyzed Preparation of Phospholipids

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Chiara Allegretti ◽  
Francesco G. Gatti ◽  
Stefano Marzorati ◽  
Letizia Anna Maria Rossato ◽  
Stefano Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Polar Head ◽  
Process Implementation ◽  
Reaction Media ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donors

The use of Reactive Deep Eutectic Solvents (RDESs) in the preparation of polar head modified phospholipids (PLs) with phospholipase D (PLD)-catalyzed biotransformations has been investigated. Natural phosphatidylcholine (PC) has been submitted to PLD-catalyzed transphosphatidylations using a new reaction medium composed by a mixture of RDES/buffer. Instead of exploiting deep eutectic solvents conventionally, just as the reaction media, these solvents have been designed here in order to contribute actively to the synthetic processes by participating as reagents. RDESs were prepared using choline chloride or trimethyl glycine as hydrogen-bond acceptors and glycerol or ethylene glycol, as hydrogen-bond donors as well as nucleophiles for choline substitution. Specifically designed RDES/buffer reaction media allowed the obtainment of PLs with optimized yields in the perspective of a sustainable process implementation.

scholarly journals Regiodivergent synthesis of functionalized pyrimidines and imidazoles through phenacyl azides in deep eutectic solvents

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1915-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Vitale ◽  
Luciana Cicco ◽  
Ilaria Cellamare ◽  
Filippo M Perna ◽  
Antonio Salomone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Reaction Media

We report that phenacyl azides are key compounds for a regiodivergent synthesis of valuable, functionalized imidazole (32–98% yield) and pyrimidine derivatives (45–88% yield), with a broad substrate scope, when using deep eutectic solvents [choline chloride (ChCl)/glycerol (1:2 mol/mol) and ChCl/urea (1:2 mol/mol)] as environmentally benign and non-innocent reaction media, by modulating the temperature (25 or 80 °C) in the presence or absence of bases (Et3N).

scholarly journals Nitrogen-doped carbons prepared from eutectic mixtures as metal-free oxygen reduction catalysts

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves López-Salas ◽  
María C. Gutiérrez ◽  
Conchi O. Ania ◽  
Miguel A. Muñoz-Márquez ◽  
M. Luisa Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Catalysts ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Reduction Catalysts

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of resorcinol, either 2-cyanophenol or 4-cyanophenol, and choline chloride were used for the synthesis of hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon molecular sieves.

scholarly journals Tunable and functional deep eutectic solvents for lignocellulose valorization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhuang Liu ◽  
Noemi Deak ◽  
Zhiwen Wang ◽  
Haipeng Yu ◽  
Lisanne Hameleers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Lignin Condensation ◽  
Biomass Fractionation ◽  
Reaction Media

AbstractStabilization of reactive intermediates is an enabling concept in biomass fractionation and depolymerization. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are intriguing green reaction media for biomass processing; however undesired lignin condensation is a typical drawback for most acid-based DES fractionation processes. Here we describe ternary DES systems composed of choline chloride and oxalic acid, additionally incorporating ethylene glycol (or other diols) that provide the desired ‘stabilization’ function for efficient lignocellulose fractionation, preserving the quality of all lignocellulose constituents. The obtained ethylene-glycol protected lignin displays high β-O-4 content (up to 53 per 100 aromatic units) and can be readily depolymerized to distinct monophenolic products. The cellulose residues, free from condensed lignin particles, deliver up to 95.9 ± 2.12% glucose yield upon enzymatic digestion. The DES can be recovered with high yield and purity and re-used with good efficiency. Notably, we have shown that the reactivity of the β-O-4 linkage in model compounds can be steered towards either cleavage or stabilization, depending on DES composition, demonstrating the advantage of the modular DES composition.

Self-assembled luminescent cholate gels induced by a europium ion in deep eutectic solvents

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Sun ◽  
Qintang Li ◽  
Xiao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Sodium Cholate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Europium Ion ◽  
Self Assembled

Luminescent gels have been successfully fabricated through the self-assembly of sodium cholate and a europium ion in choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents.

Toxico-metabolomics study of a deep eutectic solvent comprising choline chloride and urea suggests in vivo toxicity involving oxidative stress and ammonia stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1300-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasom Jung ◽  
Jae Back Jung ◽  
Seulgi Kang ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Inseon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Ammonia Stress

The in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents may not be considered as pure, safe mixtures even if they consist of safe compounds.

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