Supported Bilayer Membranes for Reducing Cell Adhesion in Microfluidic Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia R Clapis ◽  
Mengqi Jonathan Fan ◽  
Michelle L Kovarik
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Bilayer Membranes ◽  
Supported Bilayer

The high surface area-to-volume ratio of microfluidic channels makes them susceptible to fouling and clogging when used for biological analyses,including cell-based assays. We evaluated the role of electrostatic and van...

Biological weathering in soil: the role of symbiotic root-associated fungi biosensing minerals and directing photosynthate-energy into grain-scale mineral weathering

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Leake ◽  
A. L. Duran ◽  
K. E. Hardy ◽  
I. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Beerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biological Weathering

AbstractBiological weathering is a function of biotic energy expenditure. Growth and metabolism of organisms generates acids and chelators, selectively absorbs nutrient ions, and applies turgor pressure and other physical forces which, in concert, chemically and physically alter minerals. In unsaturated soil environments, plant roots normally form symbiotic mycorrhizal associations with fungi. The plants provide photosynthate-carbohydrate-energy to the fungi in return for nutrients absorbed from the soil and released from minerals. In ectomycorrhiza, one of the two major types of mycorrhiza of trees, roots are sheathed in fungus, and 15—30% of the net photosynthate of the plants passes through these fungi into the soil and virtually all of the water and nutrients taken up by the plants are supplied through the fungi. Here we show that ectomycorrhizal fungi actively forage for minerals and act as biosensors that discriminate between different grain sizes (53—90 μm, 500—1000 μm) and different minerals (apatite, biotite, quartz) to favour grains with a high surface-area to volume ratio and minerals with the highest P content. Growth and carbon allocation of the fungi is preferentially directed to intensively interact with these selected minerals to maximize resource foraging.

Modulating interleaved ZnO assembly with CuO nanoleaves for multifunctional performance: perdurable CO2 gas sensor and visible light catalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1848-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravanti Joshi ◽  
Ram Kumar C. B. ◽  
Lathe A. Jones ◽  
Edwin L. H. Mayes ◽  
Samuel J. Ippolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalysis ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Co2 Gas Sensor ◽  
Catalytic Role

Efficient CO2 gas detection and visible light photocatalysis performance shown by interleaved CuO/ZnO heterostructures ascribed primarily to the high surface area, p/n nano-interfaces and catalytic role of Ag.

scholarly journals Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO4 with W doping

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2640-2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Zhong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Interfacial Charge

Nanostructures exhibit numerous merits to improve the efficiency in solar-to-energy conversion. These include shortened carrier collection pathways, an increased volume ratio between depletion layer and bulk, enhanced light capture due to multiple light scattering in nanostructures, and a high surface area for photochemical conversion reactions. In this study, we describe the synthesis of morphology-controlled W-doped BiVO4 by simply tuning the solvent ratio in precursor solutions. Planar and porous W-doped BiVO4 thin films were prepared and compared. The porous film, which exhibits increased surface area and enhanced light absorption, has displayed enhanced charge separation and interfacial charge injection. Our quantitative analysis showed an enhancement of about 50% of the photoelectrochemical performance for the porous structure compared to the planar structure. This enhancement is attributed to improved light absorption (13% increase), charge separation (14% increase), and interfacial charge injection (20% increase).

scholarly journals Nanotechnology and Its Applications to Medicine: an over view

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Nano Fiber ◽  
Nano Medicine ◽  
Bio Compatibility

Abstract Nowadays there are more interesting with nanotechnology and its applications in several sectors specially in medicine for diagnoses, therapeutic and research biomedical tools. It can be defined as any process or technique used to produce material in nano-scale structure with particle size ranged from 1-100 nm. The utilization of nanotechnology in human health benefits known as nano medicine. So that nanotechnology has firmly entered the drug delivery realm to maximize drug therapeutic activity and minimize its undesirable side effects. Herein we deal with both nanoparticles and nano-fibers and their applications in medical field. Nano-particles have unique properties from its small size with high surface area therefore it provides larger than particle numbers from that prepared with convention methods. In addition, nanoparticles can be used to improve various drug bio-availability from its biodegradability and bio-compatibility. Nano-fibers have huge surface area to volume ratio which increase its performance in several applications. Nano-fiber produced via electrospinning process (simple and have high production rate). It can be used in many applications such as water filtration, tissue engineering scaffold, wounds, fiber composites, drug release and protective clothes.

Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Toray Paper for Bio-Fuel Cell Applications

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupesh Chandra ◽  
Joshua T. Kace ◽  
Yuhao Sun ◽  
S. C. Barton ◽  
James Hone
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Scale Production

In recent years carbon nanotubes have emerged as excellent materials for applications in which high surface area is required e.g. gas sensing, hydrogen storage, solar cells etc. Ultra-high surface to volume ratio is also a desirable property in the applications requiring enhanced catalytic activity where these high surface area materials can act as catalyst supports. One of the fastest developing areas needing such materials is fuel-cell. Here we investigate the process through which carbon nanotubes can be manufactured specifically to be used to increase the surface area of a carbon paper (Toray™). This carbon support is used in bio-catalytic fuel cell as an electrode to support enzyme which catalyzes the redox reaction. Deposition of nanotubes on these carbon fibers can result in great enhancement in the overall surface area to support the enzyme, which increases the reaction rate inside the fuel cell. The present paper describes a method to achieve ultra-thick growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) on a carbon Toray™ paper using a joule heating process and gas-phase catalyst. Using this method, we are able to achieve rapid, high-density, and uniform MWNT growth. This method is also potentially scalable toward larger-scale production.

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