scholarly journals Versatile additively manufactured (3D printed) wall-jet flow cell for high performance liquid chromatography-amperometric analysis: application to the detection and quantification of new psychoactive substances (NBOMes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2152-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadil M. Elbardisy ◽  
Eduardo M. Richter ◽  
Robert D. Crapnell ◽  
Michael P. Down ◽  
Peter G. Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Wall Jet ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Wall Jet Flow ◽  
Research Domains

Additive manufacturing is an emerging technology of vast applicability, receiving significant interest in a plethora of industrial and research domains as it allows the translation of designs produced via computer software, into 3D printed objects.

scholarly journals Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and High-Sensitivity Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Screening of Classic Drugs and New Psychoactive Substances and Metabolites in Urine of Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4000
Author(s):  
Emilia Marchei ◽  
Maria Alias Ferri ◽  
Marta Torrens ◽  
Magí Farré ◽  
Roberta Pacifici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Resolution Mass

The use of the new psychoactive substances is continuously growing and the implementation of accurate and sensible analysis in biological matrices of users is relevant and fundamental for clinical and forensic purposes. Two different analytical technologies, high-sensitivity gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) were used for a screening analysis of classic drugs and new psychoactive substances and their metabolites in urine of formed heroin addicts under methadone maintenance therapy. Sample preparation involved a liquid-liquid extraction. The UHPLC-HRMS method included Accucore™ phenyl Hexyl (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm, Thermo, USA) column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of mobile phase A (ammonium formate 2 mM in water, 0.1% formic acid) and mobile phase B (ammonium formate 2 mM in methanol/acetonitrile 50:50 (v/v), 0.1% formic acid) and a full-scan data-dependent MS2 (ddMS2) mode for substances identification (mass range 100–1000 m/z). The GC-MS method employed an ultra-Inert Intuvo GC column (HP-5MS UI, 30 m, 250 µm i.d, film thickness 0.25 µm; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and electron-impact (EI) mass spectra were recorded in total ion monitoring mode (scan range 40–550 m/z). Urine samples from 296 patients with a history of opioid use disorder were examined. Around 80 different psychoactive substances and/or metabolites were identified, being methadone and metabolites the most prevalent ones. The possibility to screen for a huge number of psychotropic substances can be useful in suspected drug related fatalities or acute intoxication/exposure occurring in emergency departments and drug addiction services.

scholarly journals Identification of New Psychoactive Substances in Seized material Using UHPLC-QTOF-MS and An Online Mass Spectral Database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria von Cüpper ◽  
Petur Weihe Dalsgaard ◽  
Kristian Linnet
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Designer Drugs ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Mass Spectral Database ◽  
Exact Mass ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectral Database

Abstract The unpredictable pharmacological and toxicological effects associated with the recreational use of new psychoactive substances (NPS) represent a threat to the public health. Analysts are constantly facing a challenge to identify these designer drugs. In this article, five seized samples were submitted for analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–QTOF-MS). To tentatively identify the NPS in the samples, the potential usage of an online mass spectral database (HighResNPS.com) was explored by searching the exact mass of the precursor ion and evaluating the fragmentation profile. This approach successfully identified a suspected candidate compound present in three of the five samples. However, conclusive identification of the remaining two was not possible, due to indistinguishable fragmentation profiles of positional isomers. Therefore, complementary analytical methodologies are of paramount importance. In light of the above, HighResNPS.com is a useful tool in presumptively identifying an NPS without a reference standard.

scholarly journals Detection and quantification of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) within the evolved “legal high” product, NRG-2, using high performance liquid chromatography-amperometric detection (HPLC-AD)

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (18) ◽  
pp. 6283-6294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Y. Zuway ◽  
Jamie P. Smith ◽  
Christopher W. Foster ◽  
Nikil Kapur ◽  
Craig E. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Legal High ◽  
First Time ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Demonstrated for the first time, the combination of HPLC with amperometric detection (HPLC-AD) for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic cathinones 4-MMC and 4-MEC using graphite screen-printed macroelectrodes (GSPEs).

Simultaneous Determination of 5- and 6-APB in Blood, Other Body Fluids, Hair and Various Tissues by HPLC-MS/MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Hofmann ◽  
Tom Richard Sundermann ◽  
Aysche Landmann ◽  
Stefanie Rechtsteiner ◽  
Georg Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Fatal Intoxication ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Human Blood Samples

Abstract 5-(2-Aminopropyl)benzofuran (5-APB) and 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran (6-APB) are benzofuran analogues of amphetamine and belong to the category of new psychoactive substances. Despite already published fatal 5- and 6-APB intoxication after consumption of both substances in most cases, no sensitive method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of these new psychoactive compounds in human blood samples has yet been developed. Therefore, an easy and fast sample preparation and specific high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry methods for the determination of both substances in blood were established and validated. In a fatal intoxication in 2017 at the Institute of Forensic and Traffic Medicine in Heidelberg, Germany, concentrations of 850 (5-APB) and 300 ng/mL (6-APB) were determined in peripheral blood. Besides, other body fluids (central blood, urine and bile), hair and various tissues were examined to verify the presence of both compounds and to gain first insights into their distribution. In this publication, we show a method for the simultaneous determination of 5- and 6-APB in human samples by a chromatographic method and to investigate their distribution in the human body.

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF CONJUGATE HEAT TRANSFER FROM LAMINAR WALL JET FLOW OVER A SHALLOW CAVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1151-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maheandera Prabu Paulraj ◽  
Rajesh Kanna Parthasarathy ◽  
Jan Taler ◽  
Dawid Taler ◽  
Pawel Oclon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Conjugate Heat Transfer ◽  
Jet Flow ◽  
Wall Jet ◽  
Shallow Cavity ◽  
Wall Jet Flow

scholarly journals Determination of 19 Psychoactive Substances in Premortem and Postmortem Whole Blood Samples Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sevasti Karampela ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Irene Panderi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

An ever-increasing need exists within the forensic laboratories to develop analytical processes for the qualitative and quantitative determination of a broad spectrum of new psychoactive substances. Phenylethylamine derivatives are among the major classes of psychoactive substances available on the global market and include both amphetamine analogues and synthetic cathinones. In this work, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and fully validated for the determination of 19 psychoactive substances, including nine amphetamine-type stimulants and 10 synthetic cathinone derivatives, in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The assay was based on the use of 1 mL premortem or postmortem whole blood, following solid phase extraction prior to the analysis. The separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 analytical column with a gradient mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water in 9 min. The dynamic multiple reaction monitoring used in this work allowed for limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of 0.5 and 2 ng mL−1, respectively, for all analytes both in premortem and postmortem whole blood samples. A quadratic calibration model was used for the 12 quantitative analytes over the concentration range of 20–2000 ng mL−1, and the method was shown to be precise and accurate both in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The method was applied to the analysis of real cases and proved to be a valuable tool in forensic and clinical toxicology.

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