Aggregation-induced emission luminogens for RONS sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 3357-3370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Dai ◽  
Chong Duan ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Xiaoding Lou ◽  
Fan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Design ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Sensing Mechanism

The development of AIE bioprobes for RONS sensing in living systems is now summarized. We discuss some representative examples of AIEgen based bioprobes in terms of their molecular design, sensing mechanism and sensitive sensing in vitro and in vivo.

Highly Efficient Photosensitizers with Far-Red/Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission for In Vitro and In Vivo Cancer Theranostics

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (39) ◽  
pp. 1802105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Michelle M. S. Lee ◽  
Guogang Shan ◽  
Ryan T. K. Kwok ◽  
Jacky W. Y. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

NMR studies of enzymatic rates in vitro and in vivo by magnetization transfer

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Alger ◽  
R. G. Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Magnetization transfer techniques are specialized NMR experiments which can measure the rate of chemical reactions while concentrations of products and reactants are maintained constant. These techniques are being used to measure the rates of enzyme catalysed reactions in a variety of living systems and in vitro. The magnetization transfer measurements in vivo of the ATP synthetase and the creatine kinase reactions have been particularly useful in describing rates of major energy transducing reactions involving ATP and phosphocreatine. As a result, a wide range of biomedicai scientists are becoming aware of the potentials of these techniques. The purpose of this review is thus threefold: first, to present a concise, conceptual review of the underlying principles for these non-specialists; secondly, to review the important biochemical applications of the method which have appeared, and thirdly, to discuss potential applications and limitations of the method.

Recent Advances in the Design and Development of anticancer molecules based on PROTAC technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zere Mukhamejanova ◽  
Yichen Tong ◽  
Qi Xiang ◽  
Fang Xu ◽  
Jiyan Pang
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapy Field ◽  
Vitro Data ◽  
In Vitro Data

(Proteolysis targeting chimera) degraders based on protein knockdown technology now are suggested as a novel option for the treatment of various diseases. Over the last couple of years, application of PROTAC technology has spread in a wide range of disorders, and plenty of PROTAC molecules with high potency have been reported. Mostly developing for anticancer therapy, these molecules show high selectivity to target proteins, ability to significantly induce degradation of oncoproteins, good in vivo and in vitro results. In this review, we summarized the recent development of PROTAC technology in the anticancer therapy field, including molecular design, types of targeted proteins, in vivo and in vitro data results. Additionally, we also discuss on the prospects and challenges for application of candidates based on PROTAC strategy in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Expanding the Fluorine Chemistry of Living Systems Using Engineered Polyketide Synthase Pathways

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 341 (6150) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
Benjamin W. Thuronyi ◽  
Louise K. Charkoudian ◽  
Brian Lowry ◽  
Chaitan Khosla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Fluorinated Building Blocks

Organofluorines represent a rapidly expanding proportion of molecules that are used in pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, agrochemicals, and materials. Despite the prevalence of fluorine in synthetic compounds, the known biological scope is limited to a single pathway that produces fluoroacetate. Here, we demonstrate that this pathway can be exploited as a source of fluorinated building blocks for introduction of fluorine into natural-product scaffolds. Specifically, we have constructed pathways involving two polyketide synthase systems, and we show that fluoroacetate can be used to incorporate fluorine into the polyketide backbone in vitro. We further show that fluorine can be inserted site-selectively and introduced into polyketide products in vivo. These results highlight the prospects for the production of complex fluorinated natural products using synthetic biology.

scholarly journals Self-Guiding Polymeric Prodrug Micelles with Two Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers for Enhanced Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Yi ◽  
Jingjing Hu ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
Xiaoding Lou ◽  
Zujin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Aggregation State ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Dual Stage

<p>Nowadays, aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating ability have been used as photosensitizers for imaging guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). To achieve enhanced antitumor outcomes, combining AIEgens-based PDT with chemotherapy is an efficient strategy. However, the therapeutic efficiency is hampered by the limited cellular uptake efficiency and the appropriate light irradiation occasion. In this paper, a self-guiding polymeric micelle (TB@PMPT) composed of two AIE photosensitizers and a reduction-sensitive paclitaxel prodrug (PTX-SS-N<sub>3</sub>) was established for enhanced chemo-photodynamic therapy by a dual-stage light irradiation strategy. When the micelles were accumulated in tumor tissues, the first light irradiation (L<sub>1</sub>, 6 min) was utilized to facilitate cellular uptake by “photochemical internalization” (PCI). Then the intracellular glutathione (GSH) would induce the PTX release, micelles disassembly and the aggregation state change of AIEgens. The fluorescence signal change of two AIEgens-based ratiometric fluorescent probe could not only precisely guide the second light irradiation (L<sub>2</sub>, 18 min) for sufficient ROS production, but also monitor the non-fluorescent drug PTX release in turn. Both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> studies demonstrated that the dual-stage light irradiation strategy employed for TB@PMPT micelles exhibited superior therapeutic effect than only 24-min continuous light irradiation.<br></p>

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