The critical role of oxygen-evolution kinetics in the electrochemical stability of oxide superionic conductors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 17008-17013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Wang ◽  
Wujie Qiu ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
Kui Huang ◽  
Xiaolin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fermi Level ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Superionic Conductors ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Electron Holes ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Electrochemical Oxygen

Electron holes occurring above the O-p Fermi level result in high-barrier kinetics of electrochemical oxygen evolution, which is a major contributor to the wide EW in LLZO.

The role of surface films in the kinetics of oxygen evolution at Pd + Au alloy electrodes

1962 ◽  
Vol 269 (1338) ◽  
pp. 419-440 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Region ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Polarization Current ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of anodic oxygen evolution have been studied on Pd, Au and Pd + Au alloys in ultra-pure sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide solutions and mechanisms of the processes involved are proposed. The role of barrier-layer films in determining the kinetic behaviour is demonstrated and supported by self-consistent interpretations of the Tafel slopes and the e.m.f. decay behaviour observed on open-circuit. Transient effects, characteristic of barrier-layer films, are observed when changes of the polarization current are made. At Au, and the gold-rich alloys in alkaline solution, a transition region in the currentpotential relation is observed which probably corresponds to a limiting high coverage of the electrochemically active surface with adsorbed reaction intermediates. The transition region corresponds to an onset of passive behaviour. In acid solutions, only the lower Tafel region is observed which has the same Tafel constants b and i 0 as those for the lower Tafel line in alkaline solutions indicating that the discharge process involves water rather than OH - ions, irrespective of pH. The relation of exchange currents to composition of the alloys is considered.

Oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution in DMSO based electrolytes: the role of the electrocatalyst

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (38) ◽  
pp. 25593-25606 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bondue ◽  
P. Reinsberg ◽  
A. A. Abd-El-Latif ◽  
H. Baltruschat
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Inner Sphere ◽  
Electrochemical Oxygen

Electrochemical oxygen reduction to both peroxide and superoxide is an inner sphere reaction in DMSO.

Operando X-ray absorption investigations into the role of Fe in the electrochemical stability and oxygen evolution activity of Ni1−xFexOy nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 24534-24549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Abbott ◽  
Emiliana Fabbri ◽  
Mario Borlaf ◽  
Francesco Bozza ◽  
Robin Schäublin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Rock Salt Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
Salt Structure ◽  
X Ray Absorption

The structural and electronic properties of rock salt-type Ni–Fe oxides are investigated under OER conditions. The inclusion of Fe in the rock-salt structure is shown to inhibit the transformation to more layered and disordered polymorphs.

scholarly journals Participation of the Lys313-Ile333 Sequence of the Purinergic P2X4 Receptor in Agonist Binding and Transduction of Signals to the Channel Gate

2006 ◽  
Vol 281 (43) ◽  
pp. 32649-32659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonghe Yan ◽  
Zhaodong Liang ◽  
Tomas Obsil ◽  
Stanko S. Stojilkovic
Keyword(s):  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Agonist Binding ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Channel Gate ◽  
Agonist Concentration ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Kinetics Of

To study the roles of the Lys313-Ile333 ectodomain sequence of the rat P2X4 receptor in ATP binding and transduction of signals to the channel gate, the conserved Lys313, Tyr315, Gly316, Ike317, Arg318, Asp320, Val323, Lys329, Phe330, and Ile333 residues were mutated. Current recordings were done on lifted cells and ATP was applied using an ultrafast solution-switching system. The rates of wild type channel opening and closing in the presence of ATP, but not the rate of washout-induced closing, were dependent on agonist concentration. All mutants other than I317A were expressed in the plasma membrane at comparable levels. The majority of mutants showed significant changes in the peak amplitude of responses and the EC50 values for ATP. When stimulated with the supramaximal (1.4 mm) ATP concentration, mutants also differed in the kinetics of their activation, deactivation, and/or desensitization. The results suggest a critical role of the Lys313 residue in receptor function other than coordination of the phosphate group of ATP and possible contribution of the Tyr315 residue to the agonist binding module. The pattern of changes of receptor function by mutation of other residues was consistent with the operation of the Gly316-Ile333 sequence as a signal transduction module between the ligand binding domain and the channel gate in the second transmembrane domain.

scholarly journals The Cortical Changes on Fertilization of the Sea-Urchin Egg

1955 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-467
Author(s):  
H. KACSER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Psammechinus Miliaris ◽  
Sea Urchin Egg ◽  
Dark Ground ◽  
Artificial Activation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Cortical Change

The kinetics of the dark ground cortical change in fertilized sea urchins has been analysed. In normal eggs of Psammechinus miliaris the change appears to obey an autocatalytic mechanism. The evidence from artificial activation suggests that the initiation of the response is caused by a relatively unspecific event. The critical role of calcium is considered in relation to the evidence from eggs fertilized in capillary tubes. This suggests that calcium ions are not concerned with the initiation but with the propagation of the response. The primary change in activation may consist of an increase in permeability at the site of initiation.

scholarly journals The Critical Role of Carbon in the Chemical Delithiation Kinetics of LiFePO4

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (7) ◽  
pp. 070538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Galceran ◽  
Abdelbast Guerfi ◽  
Michel Armand ◽  
Karim Zaghib ◽  
Montse Casas-Cabanas
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Arrhythmogenic and antiarrhythmic actions of late sustained sodium current in the adult human heart

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Tuan Ton ◽  
William Nguyen ◽  
Katrina Sweat ◽  
Yannick Miron ◽  
Eduardo Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Heart ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Sodium Current ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Anemonia Sulcata ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Selective Blocker ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Actions

AbstractLate sodium current (late INa) inhibition has been proposed to suppress the incidence of arrhythmias generated by pathological states or induced by drugs. However, the role of late INa in the human heart is still poorly understood. We therefore investigated the role of this conductance in arrhythmias using adult primary cardiomyocytes and tissues from donor hearts. Potentiation of late INa with ATX-II (anemonia sulcata toxin II) and E-4031 (selective blocker of the hERG channel) slowed the kinetics of action potential repolarization, impaired Ca2+ homeostasis, increased contractility, and increased the manifestation of arrhythmia markers. These effects could be reversed by late INa inhibitors, ranolazine and GS-967. We also report that atrial tissues from donor hearts affected by atrial fibrillation exhibit arrhythmia markers in the absence of drug treatment and inhibition of late INa with GS-967 leads to a significant reduction in arrhythmic behaviour. These findings reveal a critical role for the late INa in cardiac arrhythmias and suggest that inhibition of this conductance could provide an effective therapeutic strategy. Finally, this study highlights the utility of human ex-vivo heart models for advancing cardiac translational sciences.

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