scholarly journals Coupled water, charge and salt transport in heterogeneous nano-fluidic systems

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben L. Werkhoven ◽  
René van Roij
Keyword(s):  
Salt Transport ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Power Harvesting ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Conductivity Matrix

We calculate the conductivity matrix for heterogeneous electrokinetics, specifically diffusio-osmosis, and determine optimal parameters for eletric-power harvesting by reverse electrodialysis.

Calculation And Experimental Substantiation Of Optimal Design Of The Welded Joint Of Plates On Соver Plates

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joint ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engineering Calculation ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Physical Nonlinearity ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Cover Plates

The article is devoted to the actual problem of assigning optimal parameters for connecting steel plates on cover plates with angular welds that are widely used in construction practice. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of operation of a welded assembly of the plates connection on cover plates. An algorithm is proposed for determining the optimal parameters of a welded joint with fillet welds on the cover plates, which makes it possible to obtain a strength balanced connection. The results of full-scale tensile tests of models were presented. These results confirmed the correctness of the assumed design assumptions, and made it possible to obtain a form of destruction, not characteristic and not described in the normative literature, expressed by cutting the main elements along the length of the overlap in the joint. The possibility of such a form of destruction was confirmed by the results of numerical research in a nonlinear formulation. The optimal parameters of the nodal welded joint determined by engineering calculation are confirmed by experimental studies, as well as by the results of numerical experiments on models of calculation schemes, taking into account the physical nonlinearity of the material operation. The obtained dependence for determining the bearing capacity of the joint by the cut-off mechanism and the expression for limiting the overlap length of the cover plates will make it possible to predict the nature of the fracture and design equally strong joints.

A Family of q-Ary Cyclic Codes with Optimal Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol E103.A (3) ◽  
pp. 631-633
Author(s):  
Wenhua ZHANG ◽  
Shidong ZHANG ◽  
Yong WANG ◽  
Jianpeng WANG
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Codes ◽  
Optimal Parameters

Microstructure determines water and salt permeation in commercial ion exchange membranes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kingsbury ◽  
Shan Zhu ◽  
Sophie Flotron ◽  
Orlando Coronell
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Mixing Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Salt Diffusion ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Ion exchange membrane (IEM) performance in electrochemical processes such as fuel cells, redox flow batteries, or reverse electrodialysis (RED) is typically quantified through membrane selectivity and conductivity, which together determine the energy efficiency. However, water and co-ion transport (i.e., osmosis and salt diffusion / fuel crossover) also impact energy efficiency by allowing uncontrolled mixing of the electrolyte solutions to occur. For example, in RED with hypersaline water sources, uncontrolled mixing consumes 20-50% of the available mixing energy. Thus, in addition to high selectivity and high conductivity, it is desirable for IEMs to have low permeability to water and salt in order to minimize energy losses. Unfortunately, there is very little quantitative water and salt permeability information available for commercial IEMs, making it difficult to select the best membrane for a particular application. Accordingly, we measured the water and salt transport properties of 20 commercial IEMs and analyzed the relationships between permeability, diffusion and partitioning according to the solution-diffusion model. We found that water and salt permeance vary over several orders of magnitude among commercial IEMs, making some membranes better-suited than others to electrochemical processes that involve high salt concentrations and/or concentration gradients. Water and salt diffusion coefficients were found to be the principal factors contributing to the differences in permeance among commercial IEMs. We also observed that water and salt permeability were highly correlated to one another for all IEMs studied, regardless of polymer type or reinforcement. This finding suggests that transport of mobile salt in IEMs is governed by the microstructure of the membrane, and provides clear evidence that mobile salt does not interact strongly with polymer chains in highly-swollen IEMs. <br>

Justification of design parameters of the fractional reaping conveyor and its devices for removal of beveled stems from under the wheels of the vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mikhail M. Konstantinov ◽  
Ivan N. Glushkov ◽  
Sergey S. Pashinin ◽  
Igor I. Ognev ◽  
Tatyana V. Bedych
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Main Component

In this paper we consider the structural and technological process of the combine used in the process of separate harvesting of grain crops, as well as a number of its parameters. Among the main units of the combine, we allocate a conveyor and devices for removing beveled stems from under the wheels of the vehicle. The principle of operation of the conveyor at different phases of the Reaper and especially the removal of cut stems from under the wheels of the vehicle during operation of the Reaper. The results of theoretical studies on the establishment of the optimal design of the parameters of the belt conveyor are presented, the ranges of their optimal values are considered and determined. Studies on the establishment of optimal parameters of the screw divider in the Reaper, which is the main component of the device for removal of beveled stems, are presented. Taking into account the optimal design and mode of operation of the screw divider, the correct work is provided to remove the cut stems from under the wheels of the harvester.

Soil Chemical Pollution and Aggressive Pathologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2278-2282
Author(s):  
Stelian Ioan Morariu ◽  
Letitia Doina Duceac ◽  
Alina Costina Luca ◽  
Florina Popescu ◽  
Liliana Pavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Physician ◽  
Solid Liquid

Maintaining the soil in optimal parameters is vital for mankind, given its essential role in providing the alimentary base, as well as its extremely slow formation and regeneration (hundreds or thousands of years). The direct and indirect pollution of the soil and especially its chemical pollution represent a corollary of other types of pollution, given that it is produced by solid, liquid and gaseous residues. It may be involved in a wide range of diseases (respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, renal, haematological, osteoarticular, neurological) of allergic, infectious, degenerative or neoplastic nature, from infancy to the old age. Although there are natural causes of soil pollution (e.g. volcanic eruptions), most pollutants come from human activities, which are the most incriminated in its pollution, degradation and erosion at an accelerated pace. The growing concern of all nations for the adoption of measures to limit the chemical pollution of the soil is partially found so far in viable and effective solutions intended to combat soil contamination and degradation and ensure its restoration. Chemical industrialization leads to technical and scientific progress, but at the same time it can develop related pathologies, which means that the role of the occupational health physician is essential in ensuring prophylaxis and the early detection of occupational diseases. Besides that, the role of the pediatrician is equally precious for the detection of specific diseases caused by chemical pollutants to children, because they will develop into adults with pathological stigma.The chemical pollution of the soil is a major challenge for ecologists, given that it is an important risk factor for many types of afflictions. It requires maximum attention from civil society, health care professionals and government institutions. The specialist in occupational medicine, as well as the pediatrician bear an essential responsibility in both, prevention and treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document